2018宁夏中考考试说明

考试内容和要求考试涉及积累、阅读、作文三个领域，其中积累约占全卷总分的30，阅读约占全卷总分的33，作文约占全卷总分的33，卷面、书写约占全卷总分的4。口语交际、综合性学习渗透在全卷中考查。（一）积累（包括语言文字的实际运用）1.默写语文课程标准（实验稿）推荐的古诗文。.识记、理解并正确、工整、规范书写常用汉字。3.能正确理解和运用常用词语（包括成语、熟语、典故）以及比喻、拟人、排比、夸张等修辞手法。4.了解教材涉及的重要作家作品。5.能根据要求恰当表达，语意清楚、连贯，话题集中。（二）阅读现代文主要选择课外的记叙（包括散文、小说）、议论、说明材料；古诗文考查义务教育语文课程标准（实验稿）推荐的篇目。1.会独立阅读，在词句理解、文意把握、要点概括、内容探究、作品感受诸方面具有一定的信息素养和探究能力。2.能根据文体特点，理解和把握叙述、描写、说明、议论、抒情等表达方式的作用。3.能就阅读材料的内容和写法，自主提出问题并解决问题。4.初步鉴赏文学作品中的形象、情感、语言及内涵。（三）作文1.能写不少于500字的文章。2.能根据表达的需要，选择恰当的表达方式。3.能合理安排文章的内容。4.能表达真情实感，有自己的独特感受和体验。5.能按要求缩写、扩写、续写和改写。6.不抄袭、套写作文。三、试卷结构1.试卷总题量30个左右，总分为120分，考试时间为150分钟。2.试卷按积累、阅读、作文三大板块结构全卷。3.题型为填空、简答、作文三种，无选择题型。4. 考场内不得使用任何书籍资料二、考试内容和要求考试内容为课标所规定的79年级教学内容中的数与代数、图形与几何、统计与概率、综合与实践四部分的内容。其中课标中标有“*”的选学内容暂不作为考试内容。考试内容严格依据课标不扩展范围，不受教材版本限制。考试中不允许使用计算器及其它电子计算工具。1按照课标的要求，不出偏题、怪题和死记硬背的题目，但试卷中适当设置一些探索题与开放题，以便更多地暴露学生的思维过程，给学生比较充裕的时间和解题思路空间。2更多关注对知识本身意义的理解和在理解基础上的应用。要求学生认识不同数学知识之间的联系。要结合实际背景考查学生对数学知识的理解和解决问题的能力。3数与代数，主要考查学生对概念、法则及运算的理解与运用水平。要求学生了解数产生的意义，理解代数运算的意义、算理，能够合理地进行基本运算；能够在实际情境中有效地使用代数运算、代数模型及相关概念解决问题。不单纯考查对知识的记忆，对于运算不过分要求技巧，避免繁琐运算。4图形与几何，主要考查学生对基本几何事实的理解，空间观念的发展以及合情推理的能力和初步演绎推理能力的获得。要求学生能够借助不同的方法探索几何对象的有关性质；能够使用不同的方法表达几何对象的大小、位置与特征；对证明，应关注学生对证明意义的理解以及证明的过程是否步步有据，能够借助数学证明的方法确认数学命题的正确性。不追求证明的技巧，证明的要求控制在课标规定的范围内。5统计与概率，重点考查学生能否在具有现实背景的活动中应用统计与概率的知识与技能。是否具有统计观念，正确理解数据的含义，能够结合实际需要有效地表达数据特征，会根据数据结果做合理的预测；了解概率的含义，能够借助概率模型或通过设计活动解释一些事件发生的概率。避免不必要数字运算，对有关术语不要求进行严格表述。6综合与实践要求结合实际情境体验建立模型、解决问题的过程，并在此过程中，尝试发现和提出问题。通过对问题的探讨，了解所学知识之间的关联，发展应用意识。三、试卷结构1题型题型分选择题、填空题、解答题。其中选择题为“四选一”型的单项选择题；填空题只要求学生给出问题的最终答案，不必写出演算过程；解答题可以是计算题、证明题、画图题、应用题、阅读理解题。解答题应写出文字说明、演算步骤或推理过程。2内容比例数与代数占45%、图形与几何占40%、统计与概率占15%。综合与实践内容不单独划分比例，考试中将其内容与数与代数、图形与几何、统计与概率内容综合考查。3难度试题按其难易程度分为容易题、中等题和较难题。难度值P0.7的为容易题；难度值0.4P0.7的为中等题；难度值P0.4的为难题。容易题、中等题、难题的分值比预估为451，全卷预估难度值控制在0.6左右。4试题数量选择题8道共24分；填空题8道共24分；解答题10道共72分。总分120分，考试时间120分钟。、考试内容和要求（一）语言知识考查考生在一定的语境中运用语法知识、词汇知识、语用知识的能力，考查形式有单项填空，完形填空、单词拼写、综合填空等。 语法知识的考查以义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）语法项目表中的五级要求为准（见附录1）。词汇考查范围以词汇表（见附录2）所列1600个单词为依据，同时还包括义务教育课程标准实验教科书英语教材中所学的常用单词、习惯用语或固定搭配。（二）语言运用1听力考查考生对所听语言材料的理解以及从所听语言材料中获取信息、并能简单记录有关信息的能力。2口语初中毕业生综合素质评价包括英语口语测试，考查考生用英语进行简单口头表达的能力。3阅读阅读理解能力是初中英语中考的主要考查内容，着重考查考生理解各种题材和体裁的书面材料的能力以及从各种材料中获取信息的能力，不仅考查细节，还重视考查深层理解能力，包括把握所读材料的主旨和要义、根据已知事实作出简单推断、理解作者的观点和态度以及根据语境猜测词义等。考试形式不仅有传统的选择题型，还将设置非选择题型。4书面表达着重考查考生以书面形式表达意义的能力。中考书面表达为指导性写作，即要求考生根据所提供的某些信息，按一定的要求写作文或其他形式的材料。提示形式包括中英文写作要点说明或图表提示等。三、考试方法和试卷结构（一）考试方法考试分听力考试和笔试两部分。先进行听力考试，再进行笔试。进行听力考试时，考生在统一时间内在考场收听录音磁带，边听录音边答题。录音带只放一遍，录音结束，听力考试即结束。考试时间为120分钟。（二）试卷结构试卷题型、计分和说明如下：题 型计分说 明第卷（选择题共72分）I.听力20考查考生从所听语言材料中获取信息的能力。II.单项填空10在语境中考查考生对语法知识的掌握情况。.完形填空10在语篇中考查考生对词汇、语法知识的综合运用能力。.阅读理解32考查考生对所读文章的整体和局部信息的理解。第卷（非选择题共48分）.听力5考查考生从所听语言材料中获取信息并简单记录有关信息的能力。.单词拼写8在语篇中考查考生对单词的拼写能力。VII.综合填空10在语篇中考查考生对词语的理解和运用能力。VIII.任务型阅读10考查考生在理解语篇材料的基础上完成任务或解决问题的能力。IX.书面表达15考查考生依据所给材料用英语清楚、连贯地表达意思的能力。合计120附录一：语法项目1名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有格2代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）不定代词（some, any, no）（6）疑问代词3数词（1）基数词（2）序数词4介词和介词短语5连词6形容词（包括比较级和最高级）7副词（包括比较级和最高级）8冠词9动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词（6）时态 现在进行时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去进行时 现在完成时（7）被动语态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时（8）非谓语动词（动词不定式做宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语）（9）动词短语10构词法（1）前缀、后缀（2）转化（3）合成11. 句子种类（1）陈述句（肯定式和否定式）（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句）（3）祈使句（4）感叹句12. 简单句的基本句型（1）主语+系动词+表语（2）主语+不及物动词（3）主语+及物动词+宾语（4）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（5）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（6）there be 句型13. 并列复合句14. 主从复合句（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句（能辨认出由that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句，并能理解句子意思。）附录二：词汇表AA(an), ability, able, about, above, abroad, absent, accept, accident, according to, achieve, across, act, action, active, activity, actor, actress, add, address, advantage, advertisement, advice, advise, afford, afraid, Africa, African, after, afternoon, again, against, age, ago, agree, agreement, air, airport, alive, all, allow, almost, alone, along, aloud, already, also, although, always, America, American, among, ancient, and, angry, animal, another, answer, ant, any, anybody, anyone, anything, anyway, anywhere, appear, apple, April, area, arm, army, around, arrive, art, article, artist, as, Asia, Asian, ask, asleep, at, attend, attention, August, aunt, Australia, Australian, autumn, avoid, awake, away, awful,Bbaby, back, background, bad, bag, ball, balloon, bamboo, banana, bank, baseball, basic, basket, basketball, bathroom, be (am, is, are), beach, bean, bear, beat, beautiful, because, become, bed, bedroom, bee, beef, before, begin, behind, believe, bell, below, beside, best, better, between, big, bike(=bicycle), bill, bird, birth, birthday, biscuit, bit, bitter, black, blackboard, blind, block, blood, blouse, blow, blue, board, boat, body, book, bored, boring, born, borrow, boss, both, bottle, bottom, bowl, box, boy, brain, brave, bread, break, breakfast, breathe, bridge, bright, bring, Britain, British, brother, brown, brush, build, building, burn, bus, business, busy, but, butter, buy, byCcabbage, cake, calendar, call, camel, camera, camp, can (cant/cannot), Canada, Canadian, cancel, candle, cancer, candy, cap, capital, captain, car, card, care, careful, careless, carrot, carry, cartoon, cat, catch, cause, CD, CD-ROM, ceiling, celebrate, cent, central, centre ( AmE center), century, certain, certainly, chair, chalk, chance, change, chant, cheap, cheat, check, cheer, cheese, chemistry, chess, chest, chicken, child (pl. children), China, Chinese, chocolate, choice, choose, chopsticks, Christmas, church, cinema, circle, city, clap, class, classmate, classroom, clean, clear, clever, climb, clock, clone, close, clothes, cloud, cloudy, club, coach, coal, coast, coat, coffee, coin, coke, cold, collect, college, colour (AmE color), come, comfortable, common, communicate, communication, community, compare, competition, complete, composition, computer, concert, condition, connect, consider, continue, control, conversation, cook, cookie, cool, copy, corn, corner, correct, cost, cotton, cough, could, count, country, countryside, couple, courage, course, cousin, cover, cow, crayon, crazy, create, cross, cruel, cry, culture, cup, customer, cut, cuteDdaily, dance, danger, dangerous, dare, dark, date, daughter, day, dead, deaf, deal, dear, death, December, decide, decision, deep, degree, delicious, dentist, depend, describe, desk, develop, development, dialogue (AmE dialog), diary, dictionary, die, difference, different, difficult, difficulty, dig, dining, dinner, direct, direction, director, dirty, discover, discovery, discuss, discussion, disease, dismiss, disturb, dish, divide, do, doctor, dog, doll, dollar, door, double, doubt, down, downstairs, dozen, draw, drawer, dream, dress, drink, drive, driver, drop, drug, drum, dry, duck, dumpling, during, duty, DVDEeach, ear, early, earth, earthquake, east, eastern, easy, eat, education, effort, egg, eight, eighteen, eighth, eighty, either, elder, electronic, elephant, eleven, else, email, empty, encourage, end, enemy, energy, engineer, England, English, enjoy, enough, enter, environment, eraser, especially, Europe, European, even, evening, ever, every, everybody, everyday, everyone, everything, everywhere, exactly, exam (=examination), examine, example, excellent, except, excited, exciting, excuse, exercise, expect, expensive, experience, experiment, explain, express, eyeFface, fact, factory, fail, fair, fall, family, famous, fan, fantastic, far, farm, farmer, fast, fat, father (dad), favourite (AmE favorite), fear, February, feed, feel, feeling, festival, fetch, fever, few, field, fifteen, fifth, fifty, fight, fill, film, finally, find, fine, finger, finish, fire, first, fish, fisherman, fit, five, fix, flag, floor, flower, flu, fly, follow, food, foot (pl. feet), football, for, force, foreign, forest, forget, fork, form, forty, forward, four, fourteen, fourth, fox, France, free, freeze, French, fresh, Friday, fridge(=refrigerator), friend, friendly, friendship, frog, from, front, fruit, full, fun, funny, furniture, futureGgame, garden, gate, general, gentleman, geography, German, Germany, gesture, get, gift, giraffe, girl, give, glad, glass, glove, glue, go, goat, god, gold, good, goodbye (bye), government, grade, grammar, granddaughter, grandfather (grandpa), grandmother (grandma), grandparent, grandson, grape, grass, great, green, grey, ground, group, grow, guard, guess, guest, guide, guitar, gunHhabit, hair, half, hall, hamburger, hand, handbag, handsome, hang, happen, happy, hard, hardly, harmful, hat, hate, have, he, head, headache, health, healthy, hear, heart, heat, heavy, height, hello, help, helpful, hen, her, here, hero, hers, herself, hi, hide, high, hill, him, himself, his, history, hit, hobby, hold, hole, holiday, home, hometown, homework, honest, hope, horse, hospital, hot, hotdog, hotel, hour, house, housework, how, however, huge, human, humorous, hundred, hungry, hurry, hurt, husbandII, ice, ice-cream, idea, if, ill, illness, imagine, immediately, important, impossible, improve, in, include, increase, India, Indian, industry, infer, influence, information, ink, inside, instead, instruction, instrument, interest, interesting, international, Internet, interview, into, introduce, introduction, invent, invention, invite, iron, island, it, its, itselfJjacket, January, Japan, Japanese, jeans, job, join, joke, joy, journey, juice, July, jump, June, justKkeep, key, keyboard, kick, kid, kill, kilo（=kilogram）, kilometer (AmE kilometer), kind, king, kiss, kitchen, kite, knee, knife (pl. knives), knock, know, knowledge,Llab (=laboratory), lady, lake, land, language, large, last, late, later, laugh, law, lay, lazy, lead, leader, leaf (pl. leaves), learn, least, leave, left, leg, lemon, lend, less, lesson, let, letter, level, library, license, lie, life, lift, light, like, line, lion, list, listen, litter, little, live, lively, local, lock, London, lonely, long, look, lose, lot, loud, love, lovely, low, luck, lucky, lunchMmachine, mad, madam=madame, magazine, magic, mail, main, make, man (pl. men), manage, manager, many, map, March, mark, market, marry, master, match, maths (=mathematics), matter, may, May, maybe, me, meal, mean, meaning, meat, medical, medicine, meet, meeting, member, memory, mend, mention, menu, mess, message, metal, method, metre (AmE meter), middle, might, mile, milk, mind, mine, minute, mirror, Miss, miss, missing, mistake, mix, mobile phone, model, modern, moment, Monday, money, monitor, monkey, month, moon, more, morning, most, mother (mum), mountain, mouse (pl. mice), mouth, move, movie, Mr, Mrs, Ms, much, murder, museum, music, musician, must, my, myselfNname, national, natural, nature, near, nearly, necessary, neck, need, neighbour（AmE neighbor), neither, nervous, never, new, news, newspaper, next, nice, night, nine, nineteen, ninety, ninth, no, nobody, nod, noise, noisy, none, noodle, noon, nor, normal, north, northern, nose, not, note, notebook, nothing, notice, November, now, number, nurseOobject, ocean, oclock, October, of, off, offer, office, officer, often, oil, OK, old, Olympics, on, once, one, online, only, open, operation, opposite, or, orange, order, other, our, ours, ourselves, out, outside, over, ownPPacific, package, page, pain, paint, pair, palace, pale, pancake, panda, paper, paragraph, pardon, parent, park, part, party, pass, passage, passenger, passport, past, path, patient, pay, PE (=physical education), peace, pear, pen, pencil, people, percent, perfect, perhaps, period, person, personal, pet, phone (=telephone), photo (=photograph), physics, piano, pick, picnic, picture, pie, piece, pig, pilot, pink, pioneer, pity, place, plan, plane, planet, plant, plastic, plate, play, player, playground, pleasant, please, pleasure, plenty, pocket, poem, point, police, policeman/policewoman, polite, pollute, pollution, pool, poor, popular (pop), population, possible, post, postcard, postman, potato, pound, practice, praise, prepare, present, president, pretty, prevent, price, pride, primary, print, prison, private, prize, probably, problem, produce, product, programme (AmE program ), progress, project, promise, pronounce, pronunciation, proper, protect, proud, provide, public, pull, punish, pupil, purple, purpose, purse, push, putQquarter, queen, question, quick, quiet, quiteRrabbit, race, radio, railway, rain, rainy, raise, rapid, rather, reach, read, ready, real, realize (AmE realize), really, reason, receive, recently, recite, record, red, refuse, regret, relationship, relative, relax, remain, remember, repair, repeat, reply, report, require, research, rest, restaurant, result, retell, return, review, rice, rich, ride, right, riddle, ring, rise, risk, river, road, robot, rock, role, room, rope, rose, round, row, rubbish, rule, ruler, run, rush, Russia, RussianSsad, safe, safety, sail, salad, sale, salt, same, sand, sandwich, satisfy, Saturday, save, say, scarf, school, schoolbag, science, scientist, scissors, score, screen, sea, search, season, seat, second, secret, secretary, see, seem, seldom, sell, send, sense, sentence, separate, September, serious, serve, service, set, seven, seventeen, seventh, seventy, several, shake, shall, shame, shape, share, she, sheep (pl. sheep), shelf (pl. shelves), shine, ship, shirt, shoe, shop, short, shorts, should, shoulder, shout, show, shower, shut, shy, sick, side, sign, silence, silent, silk, silly, silver, similar, simple, since, sing, single, sir, sister, sit, situation, six, sixteen, sixth, sixty, size, skate, skill, skirt, sky, sleep, sleepy, slow, small, smart, smell, smile, smoke, smooth, snake, snow, snowy, so, social, society, sock, sofa, soft, solve, soldier, solid, some, somebody, someone, something, sometimes, somewhere, son, song, soon, sorry, sound, soup, south, southern, space, spare, speak, speaker, special, speech, speed, spell, spend, spirit, spoon, sport, spread, spring, square, stamp, stand, standard, star, start, state, statement, station, stay, steal, step, stick, still, stomach, stomachache, stone, stop, store, storm, story, straight, strange, stranger, strawberry, street, strict, strong, student, study, stupid, subject, succeed, success, successful, such, sudden, sugar, suggest, suggestion, summer, sun, Sunday, sunny, supermarket, supper, supply, support, suppose, sure, surface, surprise, survey, sweater, sweep, sweet, swim, swimming, symbolTtable, tail, take, talk, tall, tape, task, taste, taxi, tea, teach, teacher, team, technology, telephone, television (=TV), tell, temperature, ten, tennis, tent, tenth, term, terrible, test, text, than, thank, that, the, theatre (AmE theatre), their, theirs, them, themselves, then, there, these, they, thick, thin, thing, think, third, thirsty, thirteen, thirty, this, those, though, thought, thousand, three, through, throw, Thursday, ticket, tidy, tie, tiger, title, time, tiny, tired, to, today, together, toilet, tomato, tomorrow, ton, tongue, tonight, too, tool, tooth (pl. teeth), toothache, top, total, touch, tour, tourist, toward(s), towel, tower, town, toy, trade, traditional, traffic, train, training, translate, travel, treasure, treat, tree, trip, trouble, trousers, truck, true, trust, truth, try, T-shirt, Tuesday, turn, twelfth, twelve, twentieth, twenty, twice, twoUugly, UK, umbrella, uncle, under, underground, underline, understand, unit, university, unless, until (till), up, upon, upstairs, us, US, use, used, useful, usual, usuallyVvacation, valuable, value, vegetable, very, victory, video, village, violin, visit, visitor, voice, volleyballWwait, wake, walk, wall, wallet, want, war, warm, warn, wash, waste, watch, water, watermelon, way, we, weak, wealth, wear, weather, website, Wednesday, week, weekday, weekend, weigh, weight, welcome, well, west, western, wet, what, whatever, wheel, when, whenever, where, whether, which, while, white, who, whole, whom, whose, why, wide, wife, wild, will, win, wind, window, windy, wing, winner, winter, wise, wish, with, without, woman (pl. women), wonder, wonderful, wood, word, work, worker, world, worry, worse, worst, worth, would, wound, write, writer, wrongX X-rayYyard, year, yellow, yes, yesterday, yet, you, young, your, yours, yourself ( pl. yourselves)Z zero, zo考试内容和要求（一）考试内容1义务教育物理课程标准（2011版）“科学内容标准”中规定的学习主题，“科学探究”的考查融入“科学内容标准”的相关主题之中。鉴于2017年全区不同地区使用四个版本教材，其内容结构、先后顺序不同，因此，中考内容严格依据课标，不受教材版本限制，也不再以八、九年级的内容划分考查比例。2以下内容不作考试要求：（1）力的图示（2）电阻串、并联等效电阻的计算（3）核能（4）颜料的混合（二）考试要求1注重基础知识和基本能力注重考查学生对基础知识、基本技能、基本方法的理解，强调在具体问题情境中考查学生运用物理基础知识、基本技能和方法分析并解决简单问题的能力，而不是知识的简单复现。2突出知识应用，体现学科特点注重物理知识与日常生活、工农业生产、科学技术发展的有机结合，让学生从真实的情境中发现问题，提出解决问题的思路，学以致用。问题的设置力求具有新颖性、启发性、探索性，以避免死记硬背和机械训练。3重视实验和探究能力的考查重视实验能力和探究能力的考查，立足于考查学生的基本实验素养，在此基础上，考查学生运用科学方法、设计实验方案、解决实际问题的能力以及创新思维意识，在答题要求上充分反映学生的思维品质。避免背实验、机械地记实验结论的现象。4关注知识形成的过程试题素材关注学生经历从物理现象和实验中归纳科学规律的过程，力求体现“知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观”三维目标的融合。5杜绝繁、偏、怪题，题量适中，难度适宜。三、试卷结构题型有选择、填空、应用（简答、作图、计算等）、实验探究等。其中选择题约占40%，分为“四选一”和“选择说明”（单选），非选择题约占60%。一、指导思想坚持落实立德树人根本任务的指导思想，以义务教育化学课程标准（2011版）（以下简称“课标”）为命题依据，有利于全面和准确地反映学生在化学学科学习目标方面所达到的水平；有利于引导教师改进教学方法，促进学生积极、主动地学习，有效提高初中化学教学质量；坚持以学生发展为本，注重激发学生学习化学的兴趣，提高学生的科学探究能力、实践能力和创新素养，培养学生积极的情感态度与价值观。二、考试内容和要求（一）考试内容1课标中课程内容规定的学习主题，将“科学探究”主题的考查融入“身边的化学物质”“物质构成的奥秘”“物质的化学变化”“化学与社会发展”学习主题之中。2考试内容严格依据课标，不受教材版本限制。（二）考试要“依据课标、注重基础、突出应用、重视探究”是考试命题的基本要求。1严格依据课标命题遵循课标中课程内容的有关标准，关注核心概念、主干知识和基本原理，关注知识形成的过程以及知识间的相互联系，重视通过实验考查学生的科学探究能力，在试题素材和内涵中尽可能体现课标在情感态度和价值观方面的要求。2注重基础要求注重对基础知识、基本技能、基本方法理解的考查，考查学生运用化学基础知识、技能和方法分析并解决简单问题的能力，避免知识的简单复现和技能的机械组合。3突出实际应用将基础知识和技能放在真实而有意义的背景中去考查。通过情景化的试题素材的设置，将化学知识与实际生活相联系，让学生从真实的情境中发现问题，提出解决问题的思路和方法，并对所学知识进行迁移和应用。体现化学、技术、社会与环境的相互关系。问题的设置力求具有新颖性、启发性、探索性，以避免死记硬背和机械训练。4重视科学探究重视对学生化学实验与探究能力的考查，关注学生运用科学方法、开展科学探究、解决开放性问题等过程，试题的设置不仅在形式上有新意，而且在答题要求上充分反映学生的思维品质，有利于发展学生的创新思维。5关注学科思想和方法设置合适的问题和情境，考查分类、守恒、比较、归纳、总结、推理等学科思想和方法，考查学生获取信息和对信息进行加工处理的能力。试题设置的问题和情境基本符合学生的学习水平，突出与学生所学知识和技能的内在联系。6杜绝繁、偏、怪试题，题量适中，难度适宜。三、试卷结构题型有选择、填空、应用（包括简答、计算等）和实验探究。其中选择题28分，均为“四选一”，非选择题47分。考试内容和要求（一）考试内容1义务教育思想品德课程标准（实验稿）“国情”和“法律”主题中的部分学习内容。其中，国情约占66；法律约占20；国情部分：（1）感受身边的变化，了解中国共产党领导全国各族人民实行改革开放和发展社会主义市场经济给国家、社会带来的巨大变化，知道马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想是建设中国特色社会主义的指导思想。（2）知道党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线，以及我国现阶段基本经济制度和政治制度，理解让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流，造福于人民的必要性，体会中国特色社会主义制度的优越性。（3）了解全面建设小康社会的奋斗目标，理解社会发展不平衡的现状，增强建设社会主义祖国的使命感。（4）了解我国在科技、教育发展方面的成就，知道与发达国家的差距，理解实施科教兴国战略的现实意义，感受科技创新、教育创新的必要性，努力提高自身素质。（5）知道我国的人口、资源、环境等状况，了解计划生育、保护环境、合理利用资源的政策，树立可持续发展的意识。（6）知道我国是一个统一的多民族国家，国家的长期稳定和繁荣昌盛要靠各族人民平等互助，团结合作，艰苦创业，共同发展，了解中华民族的传统美德，以自己的实际行动弘扬和培育民族精神，促进社会主义精神文明建设，维护国家稳定和民族团结。（7）了解当今世界发展趋势，知道我国在世界格局中的地位、作用和面临的机遇与挑战，增强忧患意识，树立全球观念，维护世界和平。（8）知道我国各族人民的共同理想，体会理想的实现必须经过艰苦奋斗，立志为将来报效祖国奉献社会努力学习。法律部分:（1）懂得法律通过规定权利与义务规范人们的行为，通过解决纠纷和制裁违法犯罪，维护人们的合法权益。（2）知道法律对未成年人的特殊保护，了解家庭保护、学校保护、社会保护和司法保护的基本内容。（3）了解一般违法与犯罪的区别，知道不良行为和严重不良行为可能发展为违法犯罪。（4）学习在日常生活中自我保护的方法和技能，知道未成年人获得法律帮助的方式和途径，树立自我保护意识，能够运用法律同违法犯罪行为作斗争。（5）理解权利与义务的关系，学会尊重他人的权利，履行自己的义务。（6）知道公民有受教育的权利和义务，学会运用法律维护自己受教育的权利，自觉履行受教育的义务。（7）知道法律保护公民的生命和健康不受侵害，了解法律对未成年人生命和健康的特殊保护，学会运用法律保护自己和他人的生命和健康，不得侵犯和危害别人的健康、生命和权利。（8）了解法律保护公民的人格尊严不受侵犯，能够自觉尊重他人，运用法律维护自己的人格尊严。（9）知道法律保护公民个人隐私，任何组织和个人不得披露未成年人的个人隐私，能够自觉地尊重别人的隐私。（10）知道法律保护公民的财产，未成年人的财产继承权和智力成果不受侵犯，学会运用法律维护自己的经济权利。（11）知道法律保护消费者的合法权益，学会运用法律维护自己作为消费者的权利。2时事（上年度5月至本年度4月），约占14。（二）能力考核目标与要求1审读材料，明确题意，获取有效信息的能力。 2调动知识，通过比较辨别、概括归纳、解释说明等方法，分析问题的能力。3运用知识，探究问题情境，解决具体问题的能力。4条理清晰，逻辑严密，准确表达的能力。三、试卷结构题型包括选择题、分析题（材料分析、图表分析、数据分析、漫画分析、案例分析等）、应用与探究题。分析题、应用与探究题具有开放性，答案不唯一。分析题主要考查学生初步分析问题和解决简单问题的能力；应用与探究题主要考查学生发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力，以利于培养学生的创新精神和实践能力。一、指导思想以义务教育生物学课程标准（2011年版）为依据，落实立德树人根本任务，落实课程理念，