资源描述
Unit3 Computers一、拓展性教学活动Step1 Draw on the blackboard a diagram to illustrate the influence of the computer and the Internet over the school educationBelow is a diagram you may like to useStep 2 Ask students to look at the diagram and consider, ”What changes have computers and the Internet brought to schools? What changes will they bring to schools in the future?”Step 3 Ask them to work in groups and to make a list of the possible changes they can think ofStep 4 When most of the groups have their lists ready, the teacher can hold a class discussionWrite down the major changes the students think of under / beside the diagramThe teacher can add one or two changes that may affect their own teachingFor example, “Computers and the Internet can help busy parents contact teachers by email”Step 5 The teacher can end the task with a brief summary, or hold a further discussion to find out students personal opinions about the changesFor example, ask them, “Do you like all these changes? Why and why not? What changes do you like / dislike?”二、自我评价建议（一）非测试性评价1To what extent are the computer and Internet becoming part of your life?I use the computer and / or Internet to: type my homework draw pictures play games communicate with my friends gather related information for my lessons buy the things I like, e.g. books and clothes listen to music watch movies2What else do you think the computer and Internet will help you to do?_3Which part（s）of the computer do you think need（s）more improvement? Why? You can use Exercise 1 in the Workbook （p 56）as reference for the parts of the computer（二）测试性评价Explain how the computer technology has been developing and complete the flow chart belowThen give a brief oral presentation on the development of computer technology with the help of the chartWhen youre preparing it, you can refer to the reading passage on Page 18 of the Students BookYour oral presentation will be less than three minutesThen write a short passage based on your oral presentation.三、补充注释1in common: for or by all of a group 共同的；共有的；共用的。the land owned in common by the residents 居民共有的土地。in common 常常同have连用，如：have nothing in common 无共同之处have little in common 几乎无共同之处have something in common 有一些共同之处have a lot in common 有许多共同之处以下是从英国国家语料库中精选出来的几个例句：（1）You know, Dorothy, you and I have one thing in common（2）We just had nothing in common and I couldnt communicate with his dull business friends（3）I suddenly felt we had a lot in common2simple-minded: showing very little intelligence 头脑简单的；笨的。Richard is smart but he has a lot of simple-minded friends理查德很聪明，可是他有许多头脑简单的朋友。simple-minded 是一个复合形容词，与它结构相同的复合形容词还有：absent-minded 心不在焉的open-minded 虚心的，没有偏见的narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的single-minded 一心一意的strong-minded 意志坚强的weak-minded 低能的，愚蠢的3make a decision: make up ones mind 作出决定。与make a decision意思相近的词组有：arrive at / come to / reach a decision。与make连用的常用词组有：make an attempt, make an effort, make an offer, make a suggestion, make a phone call, make a mistake, make progress 等。4in a way: to a certain extent 在某种程度上。与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。容易与之混淆的词组是in the way意为“造成阻碍”，请比较：In a way, I like this new textbook very much从某种程度上说，我很喜欢这本新教材。Im afraid your bike is in the way看来你的自行车挡着道了。5after all1）in spite of what has been said, done or expected 毕竟；终究；归根结底。So youve come after all! 你终究还是来了！After all, what does it matter? 归根结底，那又有什么关系呢？2）it should be remembered 别忘了。She should have offered to pay shes a millionaire, after all她应该主动提出付款 别忘了，她是个百万富翁。6watch over: take care of 照料；照管。Could you watch over my dog while I am on holiday? 我度假的时候，你能帮我照料我的狗吗？You go swimming, pleaseIll watch over the clothes here请你去游泳吧，我来照管这些衣服。7wander（v.）: to move around in an area or go from place to place without any special purpose; roam 游荡；闲逛。He was wandering aimlessly up and down the road他在路上无目的地来回溜达。由于拼写相近，wander容易与 wonder混淆。教师可以提醒学生注意区分，并同学生一起归纳整理wander和wonder各自的用法。四、Teaching guide for the SBWARMING UPThis section is an introduction to the topicIt is to get the students thinking about the different ways computers can be madeDo this part of the lesson in pairs and as a speaking activityPRE-READINGThis can be a continuation of the Warming UpLet the students discuss the questions set out in the Students BookREADINGThis is a short history of the development of computers over the last 100 yearsIt introduces a lot of new and technical words, which are only used for computers （such as “artificial intelligence” or“network”）.1Teaching new words and structures 2Understanding ideasThis is the purpose of the reading and so it is important that the students learn to use all the clues in the text to help them understand the gist of what they are readingSo encourage them to look at the pictures and the heading and guess what the text might be aboutThen ask the class to read the passage silentlyMake sure the students have the chronology of the development of computers in their mindsAsk them: 1Who was the first person to devise the earliest computer?2What did he make and what did it do?3Who was the next important person to design computers?COMPREHENDING1Three reasonable answers are acceptable, each of which needs a reason with itThe three possible answers are given below: It is a computer because it describes: itself as the analytical machine designed by Charles Babbage （which was the first design of a computer）“Then in 1822 I was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage”Alan Turing as its real father （and he designed the first real computer）“My real father was Alan Turing .”having artificial intelligence （which only computers have）People have natural intelligence“However, people thought I was simple-minded until they discovered I had artificial intelligence.”2Answer key: 1642: The computer began as a calculating machine1822: The Analytical Machine wasmade by Charles Babbage1936: Alan Turing wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work1960s: Computers had new transistors and became smaller1960s: The first family of computers connected to each other1970s: Computers were brought into peoples homesNow: Computers connect people all over the world togetherLEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGEDiscovering useful words and expressionsAnswer key for Exercise 1: 1 totally 2 revolution 3 artificial intelligence 4 birth 5 simple-minded 6 go by 7 deal with 8 network 9 truly 10 anywayAnswer key for Exercise 2: revolution; network;went by; totally; truly; simple-minded; Anyway; deal with Answer key for Exercise 3: 1totally 2 amazed 3 exciting 4 excited 5 cheaply 6 unluckyDiscovering useful structuresAnswer key for Exercise 1: 1. my family and I have been used by billions of people to deal with information . 2I have truly been built to serve the human race . Answer key for Exercise 2: 1A new personal computer has been bought by us2Many problems have been found with our new computer3A PC has been built the way we wanted4Our computer has just been joined to the Internet5The computer has been used every day by us since we bought it6A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past yearUSINGLANGUAGEListening and writingThe purpose of this exercise is to encourage students to listen and then use what they have heard to help them fill in a chart about computersIt is an important exercise because it links skills together and uses them to produce a useful piece of writingMake sure the students look at the chart before they listen to the tapeThis is to sharpen their attention and listen for the answersThis will also help them get the gist of the textWhen filling in the chart, the students will have to use their own experience as well as information from the listening text LISTENING TEXTLI MING: What are you doing Dave?DAVE: Im reading about information technologyLM:You mean things like computers? In my opinion theyre so boring to read aboutTheyre only good to useD:But theyre just one kind of ITLM:Really? So what else is part of IT?D:Weve had IT for a long timeBooks, radios and TVs are also kinds of ITLM:OhI never thought of that beforeBooks are a wonderful way for us to get informationD:Yeah, I believe that tooThey are cheap and easy to take with you but sometimes the information is out of dateLM:I agreeThe world is changing so fastBut in my opinion listening to sports on the radio is better than anything elseSometimes I also listen to English programmes on the radioBut they speak so fast and sometimes its difficult to understand everythingD:YesI also listen to English on the radio but its easier to follow on TV because you can also see what is going onSometimes it is more interesting to watch sports on TV than just listen to them on the radioLM:I disagree because you get such a lot of information on the technical aspects of a game on the radioYou dont get that on TVBut I still think that the computer is the best kind of ITYou can watch a film on it, write to friends, get information, and find out what is going on in the worldD:I know, but it is also the most expensive and it is too big to carry with you everywhereAlso the Internet has nobody to check whether that information you find there is correctSo you have to be carefulLM:Well, I suppose all kinds of IT have both disadvantages and advantages Suggested answers:Type of ITAdvantagesDisadvantagesTVYou can both listen and watchYou cannot write to friendsWebYou can find informationIt is very expensiveRadioYou can listen to EnglishYou cannot watch a filmBookYou can get informationSometimes it is out of dateSpeaking and writingThe purpose of this exercise is to discuss together and then decide which kind of computer you would like to buy for your schoolThink about what the school needs as well as what you likeLet the students do the exercise in pairs and share their ideas with othersFinally they should write the reportRemember to say which computer you have chosen and give a reasonYou should also say why you did not choose the other computersSample dialogue: A: Look at this computerIt has been given a smaller monitorB: Thats good because we can then have more computers in the schoolDoes it have the Internet as well?A: You can have it fitted but it is not included in the priceNow look at this oneBoth a small monitor and a flat screen have been includedIt can be joined to the Internet straight away and it has been given a large hard disc capacityThats good of courseB: Do you think we should buy laptop computers for our school? They are more useful because they can be moved from room to roomThe school would not need to provide a special room for computersThey are also smaller and can be stored away more easilyBut they have proved to be much more expensive than a personal computerA: Yes, that is why the principal told me we could not buy themHe would not be able to afford enough for the school so we had better look at the personal computersThis one is very fast and uses discs which can store more informationAlso it is neither too large nor too expensiveLets see what its made ofWhy its perfect! Its been made from recycled materials so our headmaster will be very pleasedHe will have killed two birds with one stone! The school will have new computers and have saved the earths materials as wellB: Lets choose this one, OK?A: I think it is a good decisionSample report: We looked at many different computersThe one we have chosen is the PEP personal computerOne of the main reasons is that it is suitable for schoolsWe found that it has been built with a smaller monitor and a flat screenWe think these things will save space so that the school can find room for more computersThis computer also has been fitted with an improved discThe students will be able to put more information on one discThis computer is also good because it has been made from recycled materialsBoth my partner and I suggest the school should buy this computerReading and speakingThis is a speaking activity about designing an androidThe purpose of the activity is not the design but the quality of the discussionSo try to make sure each pair makes a contribution to the finished designThen let them discuss their ideas with another pairPerhaps that will give each pair some more ideas for their androidFinally let students share their ideas with the classSample dialogue: S1: What kind of robot have you decided to make?S2: Ive decided that we should have a homework androidIt could do all our work after class and leave us more time to do footballS1: OKBut what do you think it should look like?S2: In my opinion, it should have four arms to carry the books, a large head to remember all the lessons and a printer to write out the answersWhat do you think?S1: Well, that sounds sensiblePerhaps it could also put all the exercises into specially marked boxes for each subject so we could find them quicklyWhat about putting that in its stomach area?S2: Do you want it to be a man or a woman? You can chooseS1: Ive decided it should be a girlS2: Whats your reason?S1: Girls are so hard-workingS2: Sounds good to me! Lets draw it now! WritingThe purpose of this piece of writing is to develop empathy in the studentsThey have to imagine they are androids looking after a family with one childThey need to imagine what problems and delights this android might have to deal withPutting yourself in someone elses shoes is a very important way of understanding how other people feelThis is a very useful exerciseSample writing: Hello everybody, my name is Liu YanI am a 321 model androidI work for the Li family and I look after their libraryMy job is to store all the books that they borrow from their school or friends in my brainOf course my brain is as large as a mountain so work like that is no trouble to meI really eat books just like people eat foodThe Lis have a child whoneeds me to remember allhis school textbooks so I can dohis homework for himHe just gives me the information on the subject, what has to be done and the page numbers and I get on with it whileheenjoys himselfwith his friendsSometimes I dont think it is right to do his homework for him its somewhat cheating. However, his parents are very concerned at the pressure of work in school these daysThe child has too much homework to do. Theylike him to go to the key school but they also wanthimto be able to have hobbies, learn to swim and keep fit! Poor child!Mr. and Mrs Li work very hard tooMr. Li is an architect and designs great tall apartment blocksMrs Li is a doctor and has to look after many patientsI remember all the plans for Mr. Lis projects and can tell Mrs Li which drugs are the best to give any particular patientMrs Li no longer has to read all those medical journals because I can do it for herShe and Mr. Li can have some time together to enjoy life tooSo they consider me the most important person in the family after themselvesI am always introduced to their friends and play with visiting childrenI am the perfect family academic aid and, although I was not cheap to buy, Mr. Li says I was worth every yuan! READING TASKThe purpose of this reading passage is to encourage students to think about how robots might develop in the futureIt introduces students to Hua Fei, a high flying robot expert of the 22nd centuryHis story forms the basis for related tasks in speaking and writingSuggested answers to Exercise 1: RECORD CARDHUA FEIAbilityexcellent style and movements; Olympic standardPerformance in 78th Olympics wonderful turns, dives, circles and dancesPrize won silver medal for high flying exercisesPerformance in 79th Olympics began very well but failed through no fault of his ownReason for failure parachute failed to openTreatmenttwo new legs and a new headAnswer key for Exercise 2: This year I ha(d) the honour to be chosen againI wante(d) to meet robots from other countries and explore ideas about our sportHowever, my programmer fell ill the wee(k) before we were going to leaveIt was very painful for her and I fel(t) very frightenedI no longer fel(t) so confident(t) that I would(d) win单位：湖北省荆门姓名：李国E_mail：liguo619
展开阅读全文