高中英语读写任务概括及常用句式

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语读写任务专题突破-概括Summary读写任务的写作内容一般分为两个部分，即写作内容1为概括短文要点，还有写作内容2 则是就某个主题发表看法。然而，绝大部分的考生会忽略了写作内容2对写作内容1的导航作用，而一头扎进了阅读材料直接去阅读文章得出要点。事实上， 所谓“读写任务”其实是“读”和“写”的有机结合，“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景，同样， “写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。因此在概括文章时，可考虑命题人提供的写作内容2的导航作用，因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。一、概括的标准：抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的。 标准的概括一般第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的，这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。二、概括的写作步骤：1. 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。2. 寻找关键词。分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。3. 重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。4. 重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。口诀：缩长见短，省却细腻。三、概括的形式：“主题句+支撑句” 即“主题+主题的什么”。文体主题句支撑句议论文文章论点（一句）文章论据（两三句）记叙文故事的写作目的/ 主题（一句）故事大意（两三句）说明文说明的对象/ 观点/ 现象解释/ 分述四、写概括的具体方法1、写概括的步骤A.定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时；不过，模板的开头语一般为现在时如The passage tells us that- - -.B.定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作。（特殊如书信的，可能会使用第一、二人称；）C.定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组句。1)Use words of similar meanings同义替换法I didnt catch any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient.I didnt catch any fish_ I was not patient.2)Adopt the opposite way when saying a sentence正话反说法You will fail. = You will _. 3)Change the part of speech词性转换法Patience is very important. Patience is of _ .4)Change the structure of a sentence句式变化法语态变换：Parents should give children more praise.Children should _ more praise.简单句变复合句：Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster.Children should be encouraged more, _ will help them learn faster.5)Use the shortest possible transitions连词衔接法注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but, and, so, while, however, then, yet, for, therefore, thus, including, instead of 等。We should encourage children. We should not scold them.We should encourage children_ scolding them.6) Change the order of the words.词序改变法2、写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧： 1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。2) 避免重复。在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。 3) 删除具体例子。不过，阅读材料本身是由几个具体例子构成的，如阅读材料是谈西方种种节日的，如删除具体例子，则概括很难达到30个词，那就选择一至两个例子（即一两个主要节日）。注：原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。4) 使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，比如： “She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.” 可以概括为：“She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.”5) 把文章的对话或直接引语(的要点)改成间接引语叙述。 6) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。 7) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例： “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括为： “He was very brave in battle.” “He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.” 可以概括为：“He was in financial difficulties.” 8) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。 五、练习。1,Then, you can think of a way to make both sides happy. Here are some tips1)Make time to talk. You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future. 2).Keep a diary. It can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.3). Show your parents you are growing up. Wash your own clothes and help around the house.Summary:_ _ _2. Sometimes, kids dont think their parents are fair to them. When you want to dress in a modern way, your mum doesnt like you to wear a mini-skirt. When you are making phone calls to friends, they ask whether youre speaking to a boy or a girl. Summary: _3. Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly, “You use too much salt on your food, Paul. Its not at all good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned, “Why on earth not! If you didnt have salt on your food it would taste awfullike eating wood or sandjust imagine bread without salt in it!” Summary:_摘要的开头语(1)According to the passage, we know. (2)The writer states that. (3)The author thinks /argues . (4)The story/passage is about. (5)The writer/author tells us about. (6)The story mainly tells us that. 摘要后的过渡语议论文的过渡语表示赞同(1)I agree with the statement that. (2)I do agree with the author. (3)Im for the writers idea that. (4)I quite agree with the writers idea.(5)I fully support the statement above because I am very sure. (6)I cant agree more with what the writer said/says.(我完全同意作者的观点)表示不赞同(1)I partly agree with what the writer said.(2)I dont agree with the writers view.(3)Im strongly against the writers idea.(4)In some way, I agree with., but.(5)This opinion sounds right but is hardly practical.(6)What the writer said sounds reasonable. But.(7)It is definitely not like that. As a matter of fact,.(8)Some people argue as if it is a general truth that. But to be frank, I cannot agree with them.表达自己观点(1)As for me,. (2)In my opinion, . (3)As far as I am concerned,. (4)From my point of view. (5)I hold the view/belief that. (6)Personally, I believe that. (7)According to my experience, I think that. 引出话题(1)There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问(2)It can not be denied that. 不可否认(3)No one can ignore the fact that. 谁也不可忽视(4)From what is mentioned above, we know. 依上所述，我们知道记叙文的过渡语(1)I have a similar experience.(2)I also went through such an experience.(3)This story reminds me of another story that happened to. (4)This story reminds me of a similar experience of. 提供论据或原因分析的套语总述原因(1)There are several reasons that contribute to . (2)My views are based on the following reasons.分层论述(1)On the one hand,. On the other,. 一方面另一方面(2)For one thing,. For another. 一则二则(3)To begin with/First of all/First (ly),. Secondly, . Besides/Furthermore /Whats more,. Finally/Last but not least. 首先其次此外/而且最后总结句开头语(1)To sum up/In short/In conclusion/ In a word/All in all, . 总之，(2)Taking all the factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that. 考虑到以上因素，我们可以得出这样的结论：(3)From the discussion above, it can be safely concluded that. 根据以上讨论，可以得出如下结论：(4)To be brief, we should be aware of the importance of. 总之，我们应当明白的重要性。(5)Therefore, it is necessary for us to . 因此，我们有必要(6)Only /in this way /when we. can we. 只有用这种方法/当时，我们才能提高作文档次的五招1.表达精练简洁。表达不要啰嗦，若能用非谓语动词做定语或状语就不要用定语从句或状语从句。2.避免低级错误。避免语法和拼写的低级错误，避免被扣印象分。3.保证赏心悦目。注重书写美观，保持卷面整洁，提高印象分。(1)切忌书写不清、涂涂抹抹；(2)保持单词之间的距离基本一致，一般为一个a字母的间隙；(3)错词只用一条横线或斜线划掉，尽量不重复涂写同一字母或单词；(4)每段前空格约4个字母的位置。4.句子错落有致。根据表达需要，交叉使用长句与短句、简单句与复杂句。5.句式多种多样。多样化句式，方能显示较强的语言功底，大大提高作文档次。(1)用it is/was. that.强调句式；(2)用作状语的介词短语开头的完全倒装句或用以only in this way等开头的部分倒装句；(3)用with的复合结构(with+宾语+宾补)作状语或定语；(4)用非谓语动词；(5)用what引导的名词性从句；(6)用独立主格结构；(7)恰当运用感叹句、被动句等；(8)适当运用however, in my opinion, fortunately, personally等插入语；(9)尽量用短语代替单词来表达同样的意思；(10)恰当使用关联词语，做到过渡自然，结构紧凑，篇章连贯。高中英语读写任务专题突破-概括Summary附：练习参考答案：I. “定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组句。”练习1) because 2) not succeed3) of great importance 4) be given； which 5) instead ofII. 练习篇- 学以致用。1.Skill1: Omit the detailsThere are some tips for children to follow so that they can get on well with their parents.2. Skill2: Omit the examples.It is quite natural that we children look at the same problem differently from our parents.3. Skill4: Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech. Kate suggested that Paul should eat less salt. But Paul disagreed. He said that food without salt would be tasteless. 4. Skill3: Use general(概括性) words instead of specific (具体的) words. She brought home a lot of books and magazines to read during the vacation.专心-专注-专业