铁道车辆名词术语

铁道车辆名词术语一一国标Rolli ng stock termsGB 4549.1-84一、一般名词术语General1车辆的种类铁道车辆 rolli ng stock,railway vehicle,railway car 客车 carriage,passeger car 货车 wagon.freight car 特种车 special car 钢木车 steel-wood car 全金属车 all metal car 全钢车 all steel car 二轴车 two-axle car 四轴车 four-axle car 六轴车 six-axle car 转向架式车 rogie car 关节式车 articulated car 动车 motor-car 拖车 trailer 控制车 controlling car 动车组 powered car train-set 合造车 combined car 简易客车 simply equipped coach 代用客车 substitute passe nger car 双层客车 double-deck coach 母车 car with axle generator 子车 car without axle generator 座车 seat coach 硬座车 semi-cushioned seat coach 软座车 cushioned seat coach,soft seat coach 卧车 sleeping car 硬卧车 semi-cushioned berth sleeping car 软卧车 cushioned berth sleeping car 餐车 dining car 行李车 luggage van,baggage car 由E政车 mail van,postal car 了望车 observation car 公务车 service car,private car 文教车 culture and education car 医疗车 hospital car 卫生车 ambulanee car 试验车 test car 维修车 maintenance car 宿营车 dormitory van,train crew car轨道检查车 track in spect ion car 轨道探伤车 rail faults detection car 隧道摄影车 tunn el-photograph ing car 限界检查车 structure gauge detect ion car 检衡车 track scale test car 发电车 generator car 锅炉车 boiler car 救援车 relief car 敞车 open-top car,gondola car 棚车 covered wag on, box car 平车 flat car 罐车 tank car守车 caboose, brake van煤车 coal car 砂石车 gravel car 矿石车 ore car 漏斗车 hopper car 水泥车 cement car 保温车 thermal car 隔热车 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car 力口冰冷藏车 ice-cooled refrigerator car 冷冻板冷藏车 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car 力口温车 heater car冷藏加温车 refrigerator and heater car 机械冷藏车 mecha ni cal refrigerator car 单节机械冷藏车mono-un it mecha ni cal refrigerator car机冷货物车 mecha ni cal refrigerator freight car 机冷发电车 mecha ni cal refrigerator gen erati ng car 机械冷藏车组mecha ni cal refrigerator car train-set通风车 ventilated car 家畜车 live stock car, stock car 活鱼车 fish car零担办公车 office car for peddler train 毒品车 posion car 集装箱车 container car长大货物车 heavy-duty car,high capacity car 凹底平车 depressed cen ter flat car 落下孑 L车 well car, well-hole car 双联平车 twi nned flat car 钳夹车 schnabel car 自动倾翻车 side dump car 除雪车 sweeper, snow plow 长钢轨车组 long rail car train-set 电站车组 power stati on car train setbingyu1975 2006-8-4 0451 PM车辆纵向 Ion gitudi nal directi on of car车辆横向 tran sverse direct ion of car车端 end of car一位端“ B ”end of car二位端“ A ” end of car一位侧 No.1 position side二位侧 No. 2 positi on side车由位 position of axle轮位 position of wheel梁位 position of sillbin gyu1975 2006-8-4 0459 PM车钩中心线高hright fron top of rail to coupler center车辆长度len gth of car车辆宽度 width of car车辆最大宽度max. width of car车辆高度 height of car车辆最大高度max. height of car车体长度 len gth over ends of car body底架长度 len gth of un derframe罐体长度 len gth of tank barrek车体宽度 width over sides of car body底架长度 un derframe width车体内长 in side len gth of car body车体内宽 in side width of car body车体内侧面高in side height of car body车体内中心高in side height from floor to roof centre地板面高 height of floor from rail top车辆定距（心盘中心距）len gth betwee n bogie pivot centers车辆全轴距 total wheel base of car车辆定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres 换长 equivale nt len gth旁承间隙 side beari ng cleara neebin gyu1975 2006-8-4 0500 PM自重 tare weight载重 loading capacity整备品重 servici ng weight总重 gross weight自重系数 coefficient of tare weight,tare-to-load capacity每延米重 load per meter of track簧上重量 suspe nded weight,weight above spri ng簧下重量 non-suspended weight,weight under springbin gyu1975 2006-8-4 0539 PM构造速度 design speed通过最小曲线半径min. radius of curvature n egotiated动力系数 coefficient of kinetic force振动舒适度 comfortable quality of vibration平稳性指标（振动舒适度指标）in dex of running stability倾复稳定性 security of over turing from track脱轨稳定性 security of derailmentbingyu1975 2006-8-8 0715 AM66、其他空车 empty car车由数 number of axle车辆标记 lettering and marking of car车辆型号 model of car车辆号码 serial number of car定员 seating capacity技术履历簿 technical ancestry book吊 hanger卡 clamp,clip吊卡 anchor,suspension座 seat,rest,bracket吊座 han ger bracket托 carrier,support,bearer环 ring链 chain连接板 connecting plate补强板 reinforcing plate筋板rib隔板 parti on plate撑板 staying plate托板 supporting plate固定板 fastening plate压板 pressing plate吊板 hanging plate支承板 bearing plate垫板 shim,pad调整板 adjusting plate 限制板 locating plate 挡板 baffle plate 防跳板 anticreep plate 护板 shield plate 防尘板 dust guard plate 磨耗板wear plate 防火板 fireproof plate 盖板 cover plate腹板 web plate 翼板 flange plate 地板 floor plate 顶板 roof plate 墙板 side plate 装饰板 decorating plate 饰带板lining 根据位置不同所用板plate used in other place节流板 moderating plate,limiting plate 垫 shim,pad,liner,washer 盖 cap,cover,lid 阀 valve 体 body梁 girder， sill， beam， stringer柱 post斜撑 diagonal brace压条 cornice， molding， treadle bar承木 wooden parting stringer， nailing strip 隔热材料 heat-insulating material bin gyu1975 2006-8-8 0725 AM二走行装置二 走行装置 running gear1般走行装置 running gear 转向架 bogie， truck 二轴转向架 two-axle bogie 三轴转向架 three-axle bogie 组合转向架 comb in ati on bogie 导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 non-pedestal bogie 导框式转向架 pedestal bogie 整体侧架转向架bogie with in tegral box side frame构架 frame， bogie structure 侧架 bogie side frame 轮对 wheel set有箍车轮tyred wheel 整体车轮solid wheel 碾钢车轮 wrought steel wheel， rolled steel wheel 车由箱 journal box 承载鞍adapter车由箱定位装置 box guidanee弹簧减振装置 spring and vibration absorber device 弹簧悬挂装置 suspension damper弹簧装置 spring device 车由箱弹簧装置 journal spring device 摇枕弹簧装置 bolster spring device 轴箱弹簧 journal spring 摇枕弹簧 bolster spring 均衡弹簧 equalizer spring 空气弹簧air spring 橡胶弹簧rubber spring 第一系弹簧装置 primary suspe nsion 第二系弹簧装置 sec ondary suspe nsion 一系弹簧装置 single-stage suspension 二系弹簧装置 two-stage suspension 自动高度调整装置automatic height ajuster减振器 vibration absorber 摩擦减振器snubber 油压减振器 hydraulic damper 旁承 side bearing 滑块式旁承 sliding block side bearing 摆块式旁承 pendulum side bearing 滚子式旁承 roller side bearing 液压旁承 hydraulic siide bearing 气液旁承 hydro-pneumatic side bearing 转向架基础制动装置bogie brake riggi ng踏面制动tread braking 盘形制动 disc braking,rotor braking 单侧制动 signle side braking 双侧制动clasp braking 制动梁brake beam 闸瓦 brake block,brake shoe 闸片 brake ling 中磷闸瓦 medium phosphor brake shoe 高磷闸瓦 high phosphor brake shoe 合成闸瓦 composite brake shoe 制动盘 braking disc 心盘面自由高 free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface 转向架对角线 bogie diagonal 车由距 wheel base 固定轴距 fixed or rigid wheel base 转向架全轴距 total wheel base of bogie assembly 轮对内侧距 distance between backs of wheel rims 车由颈中心距 distance between acting centres of journal load 踏面tread 踏面斜度tread taper 踏面基点 taping point滚动圆 rolling tread circle 车轮直径 wheel diameter 轮箍厚度 tire thickness 轮辋内侧厚度rim in side thick ness 轮辋外侧厚度 rim outside thickness 轮辋宽度rim width 轮缘高度flange height 轮缘高度测定线 fla nge base line 轮缘厚度 flange thickness 轮毂直径 diameter of boss 轮毂厚度 boss thickness 车由箱导框间隙 pedestal clearanee with pedestal guide 摇枕挡间隙 column guide cleatanee with the column 车由载荷 axle loading force 轴荷重axle load 车由重 wheel set load 心盘载荷 centre plate loading force 旁承载荷 side bearing loading force 斜对称载荷 obliquely symmetrical loading force 弹簧静挠度 static deflection of spring 弹簧动挠度 dyn amic deflect ion of spri ng 弹簧挠度裕量 surplus deflect ion of spri ng,reserve deflecti on of spri ng 挠度裕量系数 reserve coefficie nt(or surplus factor) of spri ng deflect ion 转向架扭曲刚度 bogie against distortion rigidity 摩擦减振器相对摩擦系数relative friction coefficie nt of sn ubber油压减振器阻力系数damp ing coefficie nt of hydraulic damper减振指数 damping index 临界阻尼值 critical damping value 脱轨系数 coefficient of derailment 车由温 axle temperature 轮缘垂直磨耗 vertical wear on flange 踏面擦伤 scotchi ng on wheel tread 踏面剥离 flaking on wheel tread bin gyu1975 2006-8-8 0757 AM22、转向架构架 bogie structure 发电机吊架 gen ertor han ger support 缓解弹簧座 release spring bracket 闸瓦托吊座 brake head han ger bracket 安全吊座 safety han ger bracket 固定支点座 fixed fulcrum bracket 端梁 end sill 侧梁 side sill纵向梁 Iongitudinal sill辅助梁 auxiliary transom 摇枕吊耳 bolster han ger lug 横梁 transom 闸瓦托吊耳 brake head han ger lug bin gyu1975 2006-8-8 0814 AM 33 转向架侧bogie side frame车由箱承台 pedestal journal roof上斜弦梁 top oblique chord 检查孑L inspection hole 斜楔挡 friction wedge stop 上弦梁top chord 立柱column 轴箱挡 pedestal leg 制动梁滑槽 brake beam guide 下弦梁 bottom chord 弹簧承台 spring seat 凸脐 spring seat boss 摇枕孑L bolster opening 下斜弦梁 bottom oblique chord 轴箱导框pedestal bingyu1975 2006-8-8 1029 AM44 摇枕及弹簧装置 bolster and spring device弹簧托梁 spring plank carrier 摇枕吊 bolster han ger 摇枕吊销 bolster han ger pin 摇枕吊销座 bolster han ger pin seat 油压减振动器 hydraulic damper,oil damper 弹簧夹板spri ng butt on 摇枕弹簧(外圈)bolster spri ng(outer) 摇枕弹簧(内圈)bolster sprin g(i nner)下旁承体 bogie side bearing base 下旁承胶垫 bogie side bearing rubber pad 下旁承滑块 bogie side bearing sliding block 摇枕挡 bolster guide 下心盘 bogie centre plate 中心销centre pin 摇枕 bolster 下旁承 bogie side bearing 横向缓冲器lateral buffer 横向拉杆 lateral connecting rod 摇枕板弹簧 bolster double elliptic spring 弹簧托板spring plank安全吊 safety han ger摇枕吊轴 bolster han ger shaftbin gyu1975 2006-8-8 1058 AM55 摇枕 bogie bolster斜楔摩擦面 bolster friction wedge pocket slope凸脐 spring seat boss心盘安装面 centre plate location排水孑L draining hole中心销孑L centre pin hole固定杠杆支点安装面dead lever fulcrum bracket locati on下旁承座 bogie side bearing seat摇枕挡 column guidebin gyu1975 2006-8-8 1109 AM6。76, 7 轮对轴箱及弹簧装置wheel set, journal box and spring device后挡板rear guard油卷 lubricating pad前枕 front guard轴箱盖box lid轴瓦垫 journal bearing wedge车由箱体 journal box body轴瓦 journal bearing防尘板 dust guard, dust shield车轴皮带轮 axle belt pulley车轴axle车轮wheel防尘挡圈 dust guard ring滚动轴承 roller bearing弹簧支柱 spring guide-post定位套 locating bush轴箱弹簧 journal spring支持环 spring guide缓冲胶垫rubber pad车由箱后盖 journal box rear cover车由箱体 journal box body紧定螺母set nut防松板 locking plate车由箱前盖 journal box frim cover均衡弹簧座 equalizing spring seat轴箱导框pedestal均衡弹簧(内圈、中圈、外圈)equaliz ing spri ng(i nn er,i ntermediate,outer)均衡梁equalizer轴箱托板 journal box tie bar轴箱导框磨耗板 pedestal wear plate bingyu1975 2006-8-8 1120 AM88 轮对 wheel set车车由axle 车轮轮箍tire,tyre车轮扣环 retaining ring 车轮轮心 wheel centre 整体车轮solid wheel bin gyu1975 2006-8-8 1121 AM99 车轴axle 中心孔 centre hole轴颈前肩 hournal front fillet 轴颈后肩 journal rear fillet 轮座前肩 wheel seat front fillet 轮座后肩 wheel seat rear fillet 轴中央部 axle middle portion 轴身 axle body 轮座 wheel seat防尘板座 dust guard seat 轴颈 journal轴领collarbin gyu1975 2006-8-8 1123 AM1010 整体车轮solid wheel辐板 web plate轮缘flange 轮毂孑L wheel hub bore 轮毂 hub, boss轮辋rim踏面thread 辐板孑L web plate holebin gyu1975 2006-8-8 1128 AM1111 轴箱体 journal box body前壁 front wall 内顶 journal box roof 车由箱口 journal box opening雨檐eaves瓦垫挡 journal bearing wedge stopper 承台座 pedestal seat 底部bottom 排水槽 draining slot 车由箱盖耳孑L座 journal box hinge lug 后壁 rear wall 防尘板槽 dust guard slot 瓦耳挡 bearing lug guard 狈5壁 side wall 导槽 pedestal guide bin gyu1975 2006-8-9 0743 AM 1212 油压减振器 hydraulic damper压板 pressing plate 胶垫 rubber fitting 垫板pad 套 sleeve 密圭寸盖seal cap 密圭寸圈seal ring 密圭寸衬垫 seal ring retainer 螺母n ut 密圭寸弹簧seal spring 导向套guide bush 缸端盖 cylinder end cap 缸体 cylinder body 防尘罩 dust protector 活塞piston 芯阀 key valve 阀套 valve bush 阀座 valve seat 阀瓣 valve clack 进油阀座 oil in let valve seat 储油缸 oil storage cylinder bin gyu1975 2006-8-9 0744 AM1313 转向架基础制动装置bogie brake riggi ng制动梁brake beam制动梁缓解弹簧 brake beam release spri ng闸瓦托吊 brake head han ger固定杠杆 dead lever拉杆间隙调整器 pull rod type slack adjuster制动梁拉杆 brake beam pull rod移动杠杆live lever 上拉杆导轮托 top connecting rod guide 移动杠杆上拉杆 live lever top connecting rod 拉杆 connecting rod 移动杠杆拉杆吊 live lever conection han ger 闸瓦插销 brake shoe key 闸瓦 brake shoe 闸瓦托brake head闸瓦间隙调整器 brake shoe slack adjuster 拉环 brake beam and lever connection 移动杠杆拉杆 live lever connection 闸瓦托调整簧 brake head spring 卡板 catch plate 压板button 调整板 adjusting plate 调整螺杆 adjusting screw 调整弹簧 adjusting spring 调整螺母adjusting nut bin gyu1975 2006-8-9 0746 AM1414 制动梁 brake beam滚子roller滚子轴 roller shaft下拉杆安全吊 lower conn ect ing rod safety link 支柱strut弓形杆 tension rod 槽钢梁 compression channel 内挡箍 inner check ring 闸瓦托brake head 端部磨耗板 end wear plate bin gyu1975 2006-8-9 0748 AM1515 车由端发电装置 axle-e nd drive gen erati ng equipme nt调整手轮锁紧螺母adjusti ng hand wheel lock nut调整手轮 adjusting hand wheel 调整弹簧垫 adjusting spring guide 调整弹簧 adjusting spring 调整弹簧座 adjusting spring seat 调整丝杠 adjusting lead screw 连接车由 connecting shaft 连接轴紧固螺母 co nn ecti ng shaft sernut密圭寸前盖front seal cap挡尘板dust guard皮带轮 belt pulley挡盖 guard cap电机托 cenerator bracker客车发电机 generator for passengercar 调整杠杆 adjusting lever