Culture Shock in Translation Process under the Cross

Culture Shock in Translation Process under the Cross【Abstract】Thepaperfocusesoncultureshockintranslationprocess.Anditcontainsbackgroundofcrossculture，cultureshock，theshockintranslationexamples，andaconclusion.【Keywords】cultureshock;languages;translation【作者簡介】宋云青1993-，女，汉族，四川绵阳人，宜宾学院，助教，翻译硕士，研究方向：翻译教学。1.IntroductionEnteringaforeignenvironment，personsemotionandcognitionvarycontinuously.Intheadaptationofnewthings，peoplewillgothroughcuriosityandhappiness，thenconfusionandanxiety，finallyacceptance.Andinsojourninginanewenvironment，somepersonsadaptwellinashorttime，whilesomefeelunaccommodated.Thisphenomenoniscalled“cultureshockOberg，1960：177-182.Duetothedistinctcultureandhistorybackground，therearemanyconnotationsanddoublemeaningsinrespectiveexpressions;cultureshockalsoappliestotranslationindifferentlanguagefamilies.Soasourcelanguagetextcancreateanewenvironmentfortranslatorswiththemothertongue，thenthefreshconceptionandvaluesbroughtbythesourcelanguagecausecultureshocktothetranslators.Whenthetranslatorsendeavortointerprettheirmotherlanguage，theyneedtofindouttheadaptingmethodstosolvethecertainbarriersintranslationprocess.2.TheDefinitionofCultureshockanditsUcurveThecultureshockisubiquitoustothetransitionperiodaccompaniedwithworryandpressureintheearlystageofadaptinganewenvironment.Andmeanwhiletheprocessofcultureshockisinseparablefrominterculturaladaptation，whichreferstotheprocessofimprovesojournersabilitiesoffitness，sothattheycancopywiththemismatchesandincompatibilitybetweenthehostcultureandthecultureofbirth.“CultureshockwasfirstusedbyKalveroObergin1960toexpressthephenomenonofpeoplesanxietyandpressureinatotallynewculturalenvironment.Hedefinedthistermas“anxietythatresultsfromlosingallourfamiliarsignsandsymbolsofsocialintercourse1960：177.AU-curvedescribedtheinterculturaladaptationwasusedbySverreLysgaard，furtherstudiedbyOberg，SmalleyandMorriswithfourstages.Initially，thesojournersobservetheexternalobjectsfromownculturalperspectivewithfreshness，alsothinkallniceinthenewenvironment.Thencrisisperiodmeansthatcalmingfromtheoverexcitedphrasesojournersfacingrealchallengeshavetobeaccustomedtoforeignhabitsandvalues.Sothisperiodcanberegardedastherealcultureshockstagewithcuriosityreplacdbyisolationandalienation.Next，therecoveryperiodcomesintobeing.Tryingeffortstodealwithalongperiodofdepressionandconfusion，sojournersbegintolearnhowtotreatthenegativeandthepositiveinabalancedmanner.Lastlythebiculturalperiodmeanssojournershaveacquiredabilitiestoacclimatizethemselvestothepointofviewandnonverbalbehaviorsinthenewculture.Andthewell-developedautonomyofferssojournerscapacityfordualculturalidentityWilliam，2020：173，174.3.TheCultureShockinTranslationProcessThetranslatorsoftensufferfromthecultureshock，forthisgroupalwaysexposesthemselvestotheforeignculture.Sothecultureshockisapplicabletotranslators.AccordingtothesecondperiodofUcurvemodel，translatorsconfuseaboutthetranslatingobstaclesinculturaluntranslatability.3.1ShockinEnglishtoChineseTranslationDerivingfromAnglo-Saxonlanguage，EnglishmixeswithGermanicandLatinlanguage，absorbingvariousexpressionsforms，reflectingmuchculturalandhistoricalbackground.Hence，theseelementsleadtobarriersfortranslators.3.1.1TheReligionAreaReligionhasdeeplyrootedinwesternersculture，influencedtheirbehaviors，andguidedtheliteraturetrend.AmongHansChristianAndersensFairytales，theLittleMatchGirlshouldbeAndersensmostclassicwork.Intheending，thelittlegirldiedandwenttoheaven.Inwesterncognitive，thedeathispositivematter，aturningpointfromthelifeoftemporary，limited，fleshy，sinfulandrestrainedstatetotheeternalhappinessinheavenHegel，1979：281.Sothegirlsdeathisregardedasreleasingfromthebody.ThestoryplotiseasytobetranslatedintoChinesewiththeliteraltranslatingstrategy，whilethedeathawarenessisunacceptableinChina，wherpeopleconsiderdeathisaterribleandgrievousmattersothatcantunderstandthedeathshappinessinwestern.SointheChinesetranslationversion，thisstoryhasbeencomprehendedastheevilcapitalistsocietymurderingthelittlegirl，reflectingthesuperiorityofsocialistsociety.Themisunderstandingisavoidableforthetranslatorscannotmakeproperadjustmentinsourcetextinfluencedbywesternreligiousideology.3.1.2TheHistoryAreaThehistoricaleventsinculturehavedeeplytakenrootsinitslanguages，whichcausetremendousbarriersintranslationpractices.InEnglish，“WaterlooisfromthebattleinWaterloo;NapoleonwithhisFrencharmyfoughtthebattleagainstEnglandandPrussianbutsufferedtheterribledefeat，endinghispoliticalcarrier.Forexpressingthecrushingdefeat，thetransliterationof“Waterlooas“滑鐵卢isunderstandable，becauseWaterlooarenotlocatedinChinasoitsimagebringasenseofforeignelements.Infact，thesimilarexampleinChinawasGuanyu，ageneralinShu-Handynasty，whofailedbattleinMaichengcity，sotheChineseidiom“败走麦城isusedtotellhisexperience.Itcanbeseenthatthetwohistoricaleventshavearesemblanceandthetwoidiomshaveasimilarmeanings，thereforetranslatorscanuse“败走麦城tointerpret“Waterloo.3.2ShockinChinesetoEnglishTranslationThecultureshockliesinChineseintoEnglishtoo，involvingindiggingforthedeepmeanings，analyzingChinesewritingmethod，andcomprehendingconnotationevolution.Thetwopoints，respectivelythedeep-meaningbuzzwordtranslationandtheclassicstranslation，arelistedheretoexplainthecultureshockintranslatingprocessfromChinesetoEnglish.3.2.1TheDeep-meaningBuzzwordTranslation“任性isafashionablewordwithmostclinkrateinthenet，butishardtotranslateinEnglish.DuringthetwosessionsinChina，thepressspokesmansaid：“反腐倡廉，大家都很任性，thentheinterpretertranslatedtheworld“任性as“capriciouswhichwonthepraisefrommanypeople.Actually，“capriciousisusetoexpressthepersonwhomakedecisionbychanceorimpulseorwhimratherthanbynecessityorreason.And“任性usedthereistoshowthegovernmentsconfidenceandattitudetofightagainstcorruption.Therefore，“capriciousisanimproperexpressiontoexplainthefirmstandpointbutgiveforeignerstheunfaithfulandchangeableimpression.Andsotheexplanationstrategywouldbeappropriate，thentherenderingcanbe“constantandpersistent.3.2.2TheClassicsTranslationSomanyChineseexpressionstechniquesaredifficulttotransformwiththeplotsrendering，andblindlyfollowingtheformsmaymisleadforeignreaders.InChineseclassicnovel，DreamofRedMansionshaswonaplaceandalreadybeentransformedintomanylanguagesespeciallyEnglish，thenthereisaChineseexcerptasfollow：“黛玉聽了这话，不觉又喜又惊，又悲又叹。所喜者：果然自己眼力不错，平日认他是个知己，果然是个知己。所惊者：他在人前一片私心称扬于我，其亲近厚密竟不避嫌疑。所叹者：你既为我的知己，自然我也可为你的知己，既你我为知己，又何必有“金玉之论呢？曹雪芹的?红楼梦?第32回Thisshortpassagehasanobviouslychangingprocessinpersons，showingthevarietyofperspectives.IftransformedasChineseform，itwouldbelike：afterhearinghiswords，Tai-yufeltpleasantandsurprisedwhilealsogrievedanddistressed.Aspleasant，Ihadagoodtasteforconsideringhewasmyconfidant;assurprised，hepraisedmeinfrontofotherswithoutavoidingarousingsuspicion;asgrieved，youweremyconfidantandIalsocanbeyours，sincewewereconfidantswhytherewastheaffairsofgoldmatchingjade.Forthisrenderingversion，theforeignreaderswillpuzzleabouttheperspectiveschangesthatwhytheauthorusedthethirdperson“Tai-yuanddescribedheremotion，andthenusedthefirstperson“Itoexpressthedetails;moreovertheywouldconfusesuchworkcanbetheso-calledChineseclassics，thereforethisliteralrenderingisunacceptable.4.ConclusionThispapertendstofocusonthecultureshockintranslationprocessbetweenEnglishandChinese.AnditiseasytodrawaconclusionthatintermofEnglishaplentyofphrasescontainsthedeepconnotationthatclosetoChristianbeliefandinfluencedbywesternhistory.Contemporarilyspeaking，ChinesetoEnglishtranslationalsoproducesmanybarriers，likementionedinpaperthebuzzwordsdeepconnotationandtheclassicsliterarytechniques.Tosumup，thereisnotranslationstrategiescouldproducethetargetinglanguagetextwithcompletelyequivalentinformationinsourcelanguagetext;andduringthetranslationpractice，lieinalotofbarrierscausedbydifferentculturebackgrounds，sothethoroughanalysisandcarefulunderstandingarenecessaryintranslationprocessthatisatrialfortranslators.References：【1】Bennett，M.J.Transitionshock：Puttingculturalshockinperspective.Internationalandinterculturalcommunication，4J.Ed.N.C.J.Jain.FallsChurch，VA：SpeechCommunicationAssociation，1977.【2】Barna，LarayM.Stumblingblocksininterculturalcommunication.Interculturalcommunication：AreaderM.Eds.LarryA.Samovar，andRichardE.Porter.Shanghai：ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress，1997.【3】Oberg，K.Culturalshock：AdjustmenttonewculturalenvironmentsJ.PracticalAnthropology，1960：177-182.【4】Smalley，W.A.Cultureshock，languageshock，andtheshockofself-discoveryJ.PracticalAnthropology，1963，10：49-56.