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Unit 4 Dont eat in class1、Dont run in the hallways.不要在走廊里跑这是个祈使句。祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议的句子。通常省略主语 youo它的谓语动词要用动词原形,句尾一般用降调。祈使句有肯定和否定两种。1)祈使句的肯定式。有时为了表达客气的语气,常在句首或句尾加pleaseo 例如:Do your homework after school.放学后要做作业哦! Please sit down.请坐。 Come in , please. 请进。2)祈使句南否定式。在谓语动词前面加dont。例如:Dont eat in class.不要在课堂上吃东西。Dont tall loudly in the library.不 要在图书馆里大声说话。2、- What are the rules ? Well, we cant arrive late for school.哦, 我们上课不能迟到。1) rule意为“规则”,可数名词。构成的短语有:obey the rules遵守规章be against / break the rules 违反规章 school rules 校规 class rules 班 规2).arrive意为“到达”,不及物动词,不能直接跟表示地点的名词,要跟宾语必须 加介词in或ato “大地方”前用in; “小地方”前用atoget和reach均可表示“到达”。 get也是不及物动词,后接介词to,再加宾语;reach是及物动词,后面直接可以 带宾语。例如:We arrived at school early this morning.我们今天一早就到达学校了。 They arrived in Shanghai yesterday.他们昨天到达了上海。They got to Shanghai yesterday.They reached Shanghaiyesterday.3).late意为“迟,晚”(形容词或副词)例如:Sorry, Vm late.对不起,我迟到 了。be late for +n.(对)迟到 例如 Dont be late for work / school / meeting.上班 / 上学/开会不要迟到。3、have to与must的区别:(二者后面必须跟动词原形)have to (必须,不得不),是外在原因而不得不那样做,重点强调客观因素。 I have to get up at 6:00am.我不得不在六点钟起床。She has to finish the work today .她今天不得不完成这项工作。肯定句变成一般疑问句需要用助动词 does/d。或did。因此,以上两句的一般疑问句为: Do you have to get up at 6:00am? Yes, I do./No, I dont. Does she has to finish the work today? Yes, does. No, she doesnt.must (必须),是说话者自己认为必须那样做,重点强调主观因素。 I must do my homework every day.我必须每天做家庭作业。 Tom must buy a pen for his brother.汤姆必须给他弟弟买一枝钢笔。4、on school nights 在上学的晚上on weekends 在周末 on weekdays 在工作日介词on, in, at都可以表示时间,它们的用法上的区别是:l).on表示时间时,一般用于某日,某天的上午,下午,晚上。 例如:on Saturday在星期六on Sunday morning在周日早上on March 8th 在三月 8 日 on the evening of May 1 st 在五月一日的晚上2) in用于表示一段时间或季节(月份,年)例如:in September 在九月 in 2004 在 2004 年 in summer 在夏 天in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上 / 下午 / 晚上 in the day在白天3) at表示时刻或某一时间点。例如:at ten oclock在10点钟 at noon在正午 at night在晚上 at Christmas在圣诞节5、I have to help my mom make dinner.我必须帮助妈妈做晚餐。1) . help在这里做及物动词,后面可直接跟宾语。常见的结构有:help sb帮助某人 例如:Please help him.请帮助他。help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事。例如:I help him clean the classroom. 我帮助他打扫教室。2) . help还可以做名词,意为“帮助”,是不可数名词。例如:My friends give me lots of help.我的朋友给我许多帮助。6、No talking!禁止讲话!公共故所经常见到的标志,也是一种规章制度。它由 no+ v-ing或no+名词构成,表示“不许做.”。例如:No smoking!禁止吸烟 No parking!禁止停车 No photo!禁止拍照7 too many意为“太多”,后面跟可数名词复数;too much意为“太多七后面跟不 可数名词。例如:There are too many flowers in the garden.花园里的花太多 了。I have too much homework this evening.今晚我的家庭作业太多了。Unit 4 练 习一、英汉互译1. 在课上 2.上课到晚了 3.听音乐4.不得不friendsbed9 no talking二、单项选择( )4.不得不friendsbed9 no talking二、单项选择( )5.放学后7 learn the piano 10. school nights _6. meet my 8. be inlisten to( )1. Do you know when hethat day?A. arrivedB. got to C. arrived in2. We dont have tothe uniforms.A. wearB. put on3. music in the classroom.A. Dont hear B. Cant hearD. reachedC. have onD. dressC. Dont listenD. Dont4. Benbreakfast every day.A. have toB. has toC. has to haveD. hasto has( )classroom is big. How about?A. Our, your B. Your, their C. Ours, theirs D. Your, theirsThere are toorules in the school.D. someA. many B. muchC. a lot ofYoutell him about that.A. have not to B. dont have toC. mustnt have toD. canthave( )8. Dontinto the classroom without a teacher.A. going B. wentC. goD. goes( )9. She cant watch TV _school nights.A. inB. atC. onD. ( )10. You cant eatoutside.A. atB. C. inD.on三、用适当的介词或副词填空1、Dont eatclass.2、We can9t arrive lateclass.3、Do your homeworkschool. 4、I have to getat six oclock everymoring.5、I cant watch TVschool nights. 6、Listenthe music in the musicroom.7、 You have to go hometen oclock.四、句型转换1. Uncle Wang will get to Beijing at 9 oclock/改为同义句)Uncle Wang willBeijing at 9 oclock.2. Do your homework after school.(改为否定句)your homework after school.3. Peng can speak English very well.(改为一般疑问句并做否定回答)PengEnglish very well? No, he.4. She has to wear uniform at school.(改为一般疑问句并做可肯定回答)shewear uniform at school? Yes,she.5. I have to wash the dishes at home.(对划线部分进行提问)you have toat home?五、根据汉语意思完成下列译文。1. 不要在教室里听音乐。to music in theclassroom.2. 我们上课不能迟到。We can*for class.3. 我从不会有快乐,因为我家有太多的规I neverbecause I haverules in my family.4. 我不得不帮助我的父亲洗车。 Ihelp my fatherhis car.5. 周末,我不得不去少年宫学习钢琴。, Igo to the childrens palace to play the piano.
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