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1. When is the female genital duct development completed?(14.0分)A.At 7 weeksB.At9-10 weeks of gestationC.At10-11 weeks of gestationD.At18-20 weeks of gestationE.Between8 and 20 weeks of gestation2.To say that two alleles are in linkage disequilibrium implies that:(12.0分)A.The alleles are so close that recombination never occurs between them.B.The alleles function together in the same pathway.C.One allele arose from the other by mutation.D.The two alleles are together in the same haplotype more often that predicted by chance.3.Association Studies:(12.0分)A.Can give false positive results due to population stratificationB.Include the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT)C.Positive association studies should be replicatedD.Are used to map genes in multifactorial disordersE.Require close lymatched control and patient groups4.Linkage analysis is more difficult in multifactorial conditions than in single-gene disorders because:(12.0分)A.Variants in more than 1 gene are likely to contribute to the disorderB.The number of affected persons within in a family is likely to be fewer than for a single-gene disorderC.The mode of inheritance is usually uncertainD.Some multifactorial disorders are likely to have more than 1 etiologyE.Many multifactorial conditions have a late age of onsetF.All of above.5.A multifactorial trait occurs more often in females than males. A couple have an affected son. Which of the following is true regarding their risk of recurrence?(12.0分)A.Recurrence is higher than if they had an affected daughter, and is most likely for a future daughter.B.Recurrence is higher than if they had an affected daughter, and is most likely for a future son.C.Recurrence is higher than if they had an affected daughter, and is most likely for a future daughter.D.Recurrence is lower than if they had an affected daughter, and is most likely for a future daughter.6.Which of the following statements isincorrectregarding the recurrence risk of multifactorial inherited disorders.(12.0分)A.The risk gets higher when the degree of relationship increasesB.The risk gets higher when the number of patients in the family increaseC.The risk for their children gets higher when the patients are seriously affectedD.The risk gets higher when one or both parents are affected.7.Multiple studies of a given disorder among siblings have estimated the heritability of the disorder as equal to 0.85. What does this finding reveal about the cause of this disorder?(12.0分)A.The majority of the variance in the phenotype of this disease is caused by genetic influencesB.This disorder is likely caused by a single gene, with no environmental influencesC.Environmental factors exert a greater influence over disease likelihhood than genetic factors8. A four-year old child with abnormal speech has a bifiduvula. What is the correct diagnosis?(14.0分) 悬雍垂裂，不涉及软腭和硬腭，能讲话但有影响，A.A submucous cleft palate 腭粘膜下裂B.A cleft of the primary palate主要腭的分裂C.A complete cleft of the secondary palate 一个完整的唇裂继发腭D.A complete cleft of the soft palate 一个完整的软腭裂 E.A normal palate with a functional speech impediment 一个功能性障碍的正常腭
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