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必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture固考基知识梳理Ii.考纲单词一一会拼写、要识记1. previous2. guide3. tolerate4. lack5. switch6. desert7. recycle8. aspect9. fasten10. flash（对应学生用书第125页）单词拼写应用adj.在前的；早先的n.指导；向导；导游vt.指引；指导vt.容忍；忍受vi.&vt.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西n.开关；转换vt.转换n.沙漠；荒原vt.回收利用；再利用n.方面：层而vt.系牢：扎牢vt.&vi.（使）闪光：（使）闪现11. timetablen.时间表；时刻表12. citizenn.公民；居民；市民13. buttonn.纽扣；按钮14. ecologyn.生态；生态学15. greedyadj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的16. swallowvt.吞下；咽下17. materialn.原料；材料18. goodsn.货物L派生单词能辨别1. impressv.使留下深刻印象一impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的一impressionn.印象；感想；印记2. constantadj.时常发生的:连续不断的一constantlyadv.不断地3. certainadj.某一；必然的；确信的一uncertainadj.不确切的；无把握的一certainlyadv.当然；行（用于回答）4. surroundvt.围绕fsurroundingadj.周围的fsurroundingsn.周围的事物；环境5. adjustvt.调整；使适应一adjustments调整；调节6. pressvi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻一pressuren.压力7. optimismn.乐观丰义optimisticadj.乐观（丰义）的8. mudn.泥（浆）-muddyadj.泥泞的9. instantn.瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的finstantlyadv.马上10. settlev.定居；解决一settlements定居；解决11. motivatevt.刺激；使有动机；激发的积极性motivatedadj.有动机的；有积极性的fmotivationn.动机田.语境应用（用所给词的适当形式填空）1. Hewalkedinthesurroundingvillagesandfoundthesurroundingsverycomfortabletolivein.（surround）2. Wevegottomotivateourstudentsbecausethestrongerthemotivationisthemorequicklyapersonwilllearnaforeignlanguage.（motivate）3. ThecityofHangzhouisreallyanimpressiveplace.EspeciallythefamousWestLakealwaysleavesquiteanimpressiononthevisitors.IwasstronglyimpressedbyitsbeautythefirsttimeIvisitedit.（impress）【导学号:65670100拓展联想单复数意义不同的名词集锦brain脑髓；brains智者；智慧custom习惯；风俗；customs海关;关税look脸色；看；looks容貌pain痛苦；pains辛苦；努力sand沙子；sands沙滩time时间；times时代work工作；works作品“容忍”的种种表达 toleratevt.忍受standvt.忍受bearvt.忍受putupwith忍受；容忍后缀-en构成动词shorten使缩短deepen加深，使深 weaken变弱broaden/widen力口宽短语多维应用I.短语回顾会默写1.take一up拿起；接受；开始；继续2.be_back_on_ones_feet（困境后）恢复；完全复原3.lose_sight_of看不见4.sweep_up打扫；横扫5.slide_into（快捷而悄声地）移动；溜进6.speed_up加速7.remind_sb.of.使某人想起8.be_similar_to与相似9.inalldirections四面八方10. showsb.around带领某人参观L语境应用（选用上述短语的适当形式填空）1. Tomthoughtcarefullyforseveraldaysanddecidedtotakeupthejob.2. Nobodynoticedwhenheenteredtheclassroomheslidintoitfromthebackdoor.3. Dontleaveheralonetosweepupthehouseaftertheparty.4. Manycountriesarefacedwiththeproblemabouthowtospeedupeconomicdevelopment.5. Iwatchedtheplanegohigherandhigheruntil110stsight_ofit.拓展联想be+adj.+to短语becloseto靠近；接近beequalto等于；能胜任befamiliarto为（某人）熟悉beharmfulto对危害句式结构仿写教材原句一一会背诵句式仿写一一能应用1.be+adj.+todo结构Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.1.就我个人而言，他随和并很容易相处。AsfarasImconcernedheiseasygoingandeasytogetalongwith.2.过去分词作状语Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.2.假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。Given_more_attentionandcaringthechildwouldnthavebecomesoselfishandnaughty.3.形容词作伴随状语Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.3.长途旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhomehungry_and_tired.4.where引导定语从句Well,nowtheresasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology.4.学生应该参加社区活动，他们从中能获得成长经验。Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswhere_they_can_gain_experienceforgrowth.析考点重难突破I沌考点详剖细解拓展扉.（对应学生用书第126页）精讲3个考纲单词11lackvt.&vi.缺乏；没有回.en.缺乏；短缺的东西麟馨高考佳句Theylackphysicalexerciseandtheskilltocommunicatewiththeirfriends上百一岁总事facetoface.（B庆高考）他们缺乏身体锻炼和面对面与朋友交流的能力。foNackof因缺乏alackof缺乏（2）lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺少 Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtopoordietandlackofexercise.这些孩子有与不良饮食和缺乏运动相关的健康问题。 Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlackofspace由于缺少空间，大城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。【句式升跳】链接写作【导学号:65670101】虽然杰克缺乏经验，但是他以满腔的热情来弥补不足（普通表达）ThoughJackwaslackinginexperiencehemadeupforitinenthusiasm.（高级表达）Thoughlackinginexperience,Jackmadeupforitinenthusiasm.省略）press vi.&vt.按； 压； 逼迫n.按；压；压刷；新闻经典例句Pressedbymyfriendsandrelations,Idecidedtoseizetheopportunity.在朋友和家人的催促下，我决定抓住机会。（1）pressagainst/to把压/挤/贴在pressforsth.迫切要求presssb.todosth.极力劝说/敦促某人做某事（2）pressuren.压（力），压强；强制putpressureon.给施压underpressure面临压力；受到压力 Itisnotwisetopressthem_toleave（leave）heresoearlyi促他们这么早离开这里是不明智的。（2016年四川高考）Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressure（press）ortodiefromheartattacks.事实上，妇女不太可能患高血压或死于心脏病。Iknowstudyingisveryimportant,butmyparentsputtoomuchpressure_onme.我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。Elinstantn.瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的高考佳句Furthermore,votingontheInternetmakesinstantfeedbackpossible.2016年江苏高考)此外，网上投票使得即时反馈成为可能。foraninstant一会儿，片亥Uinaninstant=instantly立亥U,马上theinstant+从句一就 Inaninstant,hetookoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewaterft问，他脱下大衣跳进了水里。Theinstanthearrivedatthetheatrehefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome.一到达剧院，他发现朋友给他的票忘在家里了。联想发散表示“一就”的结构有：theminute,themoment,assoonas,immediately,directly,hardlywhen，nosoonerthan.等。备讲单词toleratevt.容忍;忍受经典例句Insomeexpertsopinion,livingconditionsontheMarsareveryhardtotolerate.在些专家看来，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。(1)tolerate(sb.)doingsth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerancen.宽容；宽恕tolerantadj.宽容的；容忍的 Icanttolerateworking(work)withKateinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks我无法容忍和凯特在同一个办公室工作。她工作时间一直在讲话。 Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevaseshegavehimatolerant（tolerate）smileandlethimgo.（湖北高考）她没有责备那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是给他一个宽容的微笑，并让他走了。诠释3个核心短语口takeup占有（时间/空间）；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事一词多义写出下列句子中takeup的含义 IalwaystakeupthebookandreadwhenIaminmylowspihts拿起 Iputthetelephonedownanctookupmyworkagain.继续 Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth始从事Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguin。接受 Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywerealtakenup.占据takeoff脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；事业腾飞takeover接管；获得对的控制或管理takedown写下；记下；拆除takein吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗takeon呈现；雇用；承担；从事 Hedidnttakeinwhathereadbecausehismindwasfocusedonsomethingelsefc没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上education.losesightof.看不见；忽略经典例句Onlyashort-sightedmanwilllosesightoftheimportanceof只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。(1)catchsightof发现；看至Ulose ones sight come into sight (2)at first sight at the sight of out of sight失明进入视野内；映入眼帘乍一看看到看不到IcaughtsightofherhurryingawaybutIdidnttrytospeaktoher.我看见她匆匆离开，但我没想跟她讲话。Atthesightofhismother,hecriedwithexcitement.一看到母亲.他激动地大哭起来。Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwasoutofsight.在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。虱speedup加速高考佳句Obviously,agoodlearninghabitcanhelpustospeeduptoreachourdestinations.川高考)显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。(1)reducespeed/slowdown减速pickupspeed逐渐力口速(2)athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速ataspeedof.以速度Thecarsloweddown/reducedspeedattheturningsoIspeeded_uptocatchupwithit.那辆车在拐弯的地方减速了，于是我加速赶上了它。Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsat_aspeed_of300000kmpersecond.我们的物理老师说光以每秒30万千米的速度传播。突破2个高考句型D(教材Pi8)Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.嘴覆罂由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。,懿鬣码卜旨一行Hitbyalackoffreshair为过去分词短语作状语。重事等*(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致；过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。Located(locate)inthecentraldistrict,theXianHoteloffersthebestservicewiththelowestprice.西安宾馆位于中心地带，其提供的服务最优，价格最低。Offered(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.因为安迪在一部新电影中被分给一个重要角色，他得到了一个成名的机会。句式升照链接写作当从这个高大的建筑物顶部看，这个公园看起来更漂亮（普通表达）Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehighbuilding,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.（高级表达）Seenfromthetopofthehighbuilding,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.价词作状语）（高级表达）Seeingfromthetopofthehighbuilding,Ifindtheparkevenmorebeautiful.价词作状语)（教材 P18）Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了,爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词exhausted句中作原因状语。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗Seriouslyinjured,someofthepassengersweresenttothenearesthospitalatonce.因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。Toonervous（nervously）,Icouldntthinkofanythingatthebeginningoftheexam.（2014年四川高考）由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。多角快练练单词练短语练句型(对应学生用书第128页)I.单句语法填空1. Everyoneneedstolearnnewthingsconstantly（constant）onthejobanditiscommonpracticeforpeopletogobacktoshool.2. Guided（guide）bythesun,theywalkedtowardstheirdestinationthroughthewoods.3. WhenLiQiangarrivedinthefutureatfirst,hefoundthatthenewsurroundingsweredifficultto_tolerate（tolerate）.4. Allpassengersonboardareexpectedtofasten(fasten)theseatbeltswhentheplanetakesoffandlands.5. Faced(face)withtheincreasingunemployment,manypeoplewentonstrikeinmostoftheEuropeancountries.【导学号：656701026. Theboylay,relaxed(relax)onthesofa.7. Manychildrenattheschooldonotliveinthetown,butcomefromthesurrounding(surround)countryside.8. Paper,ironandglassareallmaterialswhichcanberecycled(recycle)andusedagain.9. AsfarasIknow,thegovernmentwillspeed_upthepaceofoureconomicreform.10. Havingnomotivation(motivate)tostudymaybethemostdangerousthingforastudent.H.单句改错1. AsfarasIknow,theschoolcanttoleratecheatintheexam.cheatcheating2. Wemustneverlosethesightofthefactthatmanmustliveinharmonywithnature去掉第一个the3. Afraidofcaught,thethiefhidhimselfunderabed.of后力口being4. Wehadbettersetupasystemwhichwecanworkefficientlyandequally.whichwhere5. Itsimpossibleforhertohavemorefreetimetoaccompanyherparentsbecauseherworktakesonmuchofhertime.on-up提考能1教材升华I追本潮通迁移应用接轨高考(对应学生用书第129页)I.课文语法填空根据P1718课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。IwentintothefuturebecauseIhadwonaprizethatgavemeatour.I1 .(suffer)from“timelag“whenIleftmycWangnPinggavemesomegreentablets2 .couldhelpmefeellessnervousanduncertain.His.(parent)company,called“FutureTours,transportedme4.(safe)intothefutureinatimecapsule.ThefirstthingInoticed5.(be)thepoorqualityoftheair;somyheadached.AndIfoundseveral6 .(thing)different:amasktogivemeenoughoxygenahoveringcarriage7 .(drive)bycomputer；astrange-ookinghousebelongingtoWangPingsparents.Herethetreesacted8.wallsandprovidedoxygenfor9.room；atable,somechairsandabedrosefromunderthefloorasif10.magic.【答案】1.suffered2.which3.parents4.safely5.was6.things7.driven8.as9.the10.byn.写作改错双练根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。1 .为了生计，前几年我弟弟从事了不同的工作。(takeup)2 .为了做好工作，他不断根据公司的要求做出调整。(constantly)3 .为了获得提拔，他努力给老板留下好印象。(promote)4 .去年由于不能忍受一家电脑公司的工作环境，他缺失了工作的动力。(lack;tolerate)5 .在我的帮助下，他很快调整了心态，然后乐观地生活。(withthehelpof.)第一步练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。第二步练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。Inordertomakealiving,mybrothertookupdifferentjobsinthepreviousyears.Heconstantmadeadjustmentsaccordingtotherequirementsofthecompanysothathecoulddohisworkgood.Inordertogetpromote,hetriedtoleavegoodimpressionsontheboss.Lastyearhelackedmotivationtoworkbecausehecanttoleratethesurroundingsofacomputerfirm.Itwaswiththehelpofmewhichhesoonadjustedhisattitudeofmindandwasoptimisticaboutlife.【答案】Inordertomakealiving,mybrothertookupdifferentjobsinthepreviousyears.Heconstant.madeadjustmentsaccordingtotherequirementsofthecompanysothathecoulddohisconstantlygoodpromoteworkwen.Inordertogetpromoted，hetriedtoleavegoodimpressionsontheboss.Lastyearhecantlackedmotivationtoworkbecausehecouldnttoleratethesurroundingsofacomputerfirm.Itwaswhichwiththehelpofmem滉hesoonadjustedhisattitudeofmindandwasoptimisticaboutlife.【导学号：65670103】
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