资源描述
人教版英语精品资料（精修版）Section_Grammar_&_Writing被动语态()动词不定式的被动式不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者时，不定式一般使用被动式。一、动词不定式被动式的构成和意义构成意义一般式to be done表示发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生的被动动作完成式to have been done表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动动作The next thing to be done is to carry away the earth.下一步要做的事是把土运走。No harm seems to have been done to them.对他们似乎并没有造成损害。1(山东高考改编)George returned after the war, only to_be_told (tell) that his wife had left him. (湖南高考改编)Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs to_be_done/doing (do) to achieve the final success.二、动词不定式被动式的用法(1)作主语It is an honour to be chosen as a volunteer.能被选上做志愿者，真是一件荣幸的事情。(2)作表语The task is to be finished by next month.这项工作要在下个月才能完成。(3)作宾语The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语He ordered the baggage to be brought to his room.他吩咐把行李搬进他的房间。(5)作定语He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语He drove to the airport in a hurry, only to be informed that the plane had taken off.他匆忙驱车赶往机场，结果被告知飞机已经起飞了。2(北京高考改编)Its important for the figures to_be_updated (update) regularly.(北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.(四川高考改编)The airport to_be_completed (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.(重庆高考改编)Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to_be_made (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.(浙江高考改编)If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city to_be_cheered (cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters. 三、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的常见结构(1)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系，同时又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.今天下午我有许多事情要做。(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。)Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to post?我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗？(post与主语you之间不存在主谓关系，只和前面letter构成动宾关系。)(2)在某些“形容词不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。This problem is difficult to solve.这个问题很难解决。(3)在too . to .; enough . to .结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.这本书太贵，我买不起。(4)在there be句型中，当动词不定式作定语修饰名词时，用主动形式，重点在人；用被动形式，重点在物。There is no time to lose (to be lost)(用to lose可看成for us to lose; 用to be lost，重点在时间。)没有时间去浪费。(5)be to blame用主动形式表示被动意义。Who is to blame for starting the fire?谁应为引发火灾负责？3(福建高考改编)The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable to_hold (hold)(安徽高考改编)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier to_break (break) into small pieces.用所给词的适当形式填空1Its a great honour to_be_invited (invite) to attend your wedding party.2The next thing to_be_done (do) is to clean the classroom.3The novel is said to_have_been_translated (translate) into English.4. I find the problem is very difficult to_solve (solve)5The teacher left us a lot of homework to_do (do)6“Are there any more clothes to_be_washed (wash)？” asked mum.7The little boy should love to_be_taken (take) to visit the Great Wall.8Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the students, but it remains to_be_seen (see) whether they will enjoy it.9The emperor ordered the magic cloth to_be_woven (weave) for him right away.10His father left the small village, never to_be_seen (see) again.完成句子1It is very terrible to_be_laughed_at (被人嘲笑) in public.2He expected to_be_invited_to_the_party (能被邀请参加聚会)3The book is said to_have_been_translated_into_English (已译成了英语)4Im going back to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to_be_taken_home (要我带回家)?5Are you going to the meeting to_be_held_this_afternoon (今天下午举行的)?6It is an honor for me to_be_invited_to_speak_here (被邀请在这儿讲话)想象类作文电影哈利波特受到人们的普遍欢迎，创造了很高的票房纪录，成为电影业的奇迹，全世界的孩子都为哈利波特的魔力着迷。现在假设你是哈利波特，你将怎样用你的魔法解决以下问题？1残酷的战争；2濒危动物；3环境污染。注意：1.词数100左右；2充分发挥自己的想象力，注意行文连贯。I am Harry Potter, a boy with magical powers. I regard myself as a guard of the earth. To create a peaceful and friendly world for human beings is my duty.First of all, I will make use of my magic to bring all the cruel wars to an end. Let all the people no longer suffer from the wounds and death caused by wars. Let peace ring at every corner of the world.In addition, I will raise peoples awareness of saving endangered animals. As long as we learn to protect animals, we will understand how to give our love to others.Finally, I will rely on my magic to solve the environmental pollution. The earth is the only home of us human beings. Only by making great efforts can we make the earth a better place to live in.Please join me in this action. Lets work together to build a bright future！,本文分五段。第一段作简单自我介绍；第二、三、四段为文章主体部分，根据写作要求，叙述细节；第五段为结尾部分，号召人们加入自己的行动，共创美好的未来。亮点一：句使用了First of all, In addition, Finally等过渡词，使行文脉络清晰，过渡自然。亮点二：句使用了regard . as ., create, bring . to an end, suffer from, ring, raise peoples awareness, rely on等高级词汇，彰显了作者扎实的语言功底。亮点三：句状语从句和倒装句的应用体现了作者具有较强的语言驾驭能力。如何写想象类作文想象类作文在高考中的命题方式多是给出简单要点或图表等，并要求学生在此基础上进行合理想象。因此此类文章的写作属于半开放式、创造性的写作。半开放式作文也是近几年高考书面表达的一个热点。1写作步骤首先，要从实际生活出发，借助已有的知识，展开合理的、丰富的想象。其次，内容要具体，根据题目的要求和提示，围绕主题想象相关的材料，材料越丰富充实，文章才会越生动，切忌说空话。2注意事项写作时应注意时态及人称的合理运用，还应注意表达方式的多样性和内容安排的层次性。写作时要注意角色的换位，即改变一个人的身份，使其变成另外一种身份，突破现实与环境的局限，自由通畅地来表达自己的想法。使用一些较高级词汇和较复杂的句式或表达。1With the development of ., people have to/our life will be .2In the future, . are sure to become .3At that time people will have .4To solve this problem, scientists have/will .5Moreover, scientists will .6Considering that . people will .7According to . needs, it can .8In addition/Besides, it can also .社会发展到了2030年，照顾老年人成了一个突出的社会问题。你公司顺应社会需求适时推出了家用机器人。该机器人的主要功能有：1可以在固定的时间做饭，做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；2可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；3及时处理突发事件，例如在老人突然病倒时及时拨打呼救电话等。请你根据以上内容写一份发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐你公司的这一新产品。注意：1.词数100左右；2内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯；3短文开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：突出的；显著的prominentLadies and gentlemen，Thank you for attending our companys news conference. As you know, _参考范文：Ladies and gentlemen，Thank you for attending our companys news conference. As you know, with the development of society, people have to face various pressures. They dont have enough time to attend to old people in their family, which has become a prominent social problem. To solve this problem，our company put out the household robot designed to take care of the old people.It can cook meals at a fixed time which can be adjusted according to individual needs. Besides, it can also accompany old people in having a chat, playing chess and doing exercise. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill all of a sudden, the robot will call doctors for help. All in all, it would be a great help for you if you own such a robot.Thank you.
展开阅读全文