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阅读理解之推理判断题阅读理解之推理判断题 .命题分析命题分析 在阅读中，如果文章作者运用的语言比较直率，表达比较直截了当，那么即便我在阅读中，如果文章作者运用的语言比较直率，表达比较直截了当，那么即便我们仅仅理解其字面意思，也不会影响我们的理解。然而，大多数情况下，我们所读的们仅仅理解其字面意思，也不会影响我们的理解。然而，大多数情况下，我们所读的文章比较含蓄，作者经常把需要我们理解的意思不直接表达出来，而期待我们去领悟文章比较含蓄，作者经常把需要我们理解的意思不直接表达出来，而期待我们去领悟文章的内在含义。这种情况下，如果我们只理解语言的字面意思，就会妨碍我们对文文章的内在含义。这种情况下，如果我们只理解语言的字面意思，就会妨碍我们对文章真正内涵的理解。我们只有通过作者所提供的信息，进行推章真正内涵的理解。我们只有通过作者所提供的信息，进行推完形填空专题系列之（一）完形填空专题系列之（一）名师讲座名师讲座理、作出结论，才能达到真正理解文章的目的。在推理时，理、作出结论，才能达到真正理解文章的目的。在推理时，我们必须：我们必须：1理解文章的字面意义；理解文章的字面意义；2注意作者遣词造句的特点，弄清词的含蓄意义；注意作者遣词造句的特点，弄清词的含蓄意义；3时刻提醒自己，作者想让我们推断什么；时刻提醒自己，作者想让我们推断什么；4利用文章中明确表示的内容，进行推理，挖掘作者在利用文章中明确表示的内容，进行推理，挖掘作者在 文章中的隐含意义。文章中的隐含意义。推理判断题的命题方式一般有：推理判断题的命题方式一般有：We can infer from the passage that_The story suggests that_The writer of this passage intends to_The writers purpose of writing the passage is to_The passage is probably taken from_The writer of the passage considers it_Which of the following best describes the character of something?.技法指导技法指导1要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。2要对文章的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅要对文章的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断，进行符合逻辑的推理。合、判断，进行符合逻辑的推理。3要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知。不能主观臆断、凭空想象，更不足已知，推断未知。不能主观臆断、凭空想象，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。4要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。 推理判断是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可推理判断是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。关键是要对文章已给的信息进行合理的分析判断，做循。关键是要对文章已给的信息进行合理的分析判断，做到到“有理有据有理有据”。考生应主要注意以下几点：。考生应主要注意以下几点：(2012辽宁卷辽宁卷)If Confucius (孔子孔子) were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles.Hed need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day，few people in the United States will give him a passing thought.Its nothing personal.Most Americans dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.以例说法以例说法But this doesnt mean that Americans dont care about Confucius.In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities.More recently，the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries.These schools teach both Chinese language and culture.The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, history andphilosophy(哲学哲学)Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese.So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States.Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.So the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well.Today China attracts the West more than ever ，and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West，even if his birthday is.64The opening paragraph is mainly intended to_Aprovide some key facts about ConfuciusBattract the readers interest in the subjectCshow great respect for the ancient thinkerDprove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations答案答案B提示：作者意图题。利用要诀提示：作者意图题。利用要诀7情感词汇推情感词汇推断法。断法。65We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students_ Ahave a great interest in studying Chinese Btake an active part in Chinese competitions Ctry to get high scores in Chinese exams Dfight for a chance to learn Chinese答案答案A提示：推理判断题。利用要诀提示：推理判断题。利用要诀1首尾定位首尾定位法。法。66What is the best title for the passage?AForgotten Wisdom in AmericaBHuge Fans of the Chinese LanguageCChinese Culture for WesternersDOld Thinker with a Big Future答案答案D提示：主旨大意题。利用要诀提示：主旨大意题。利用要诀2题干定位题干定位法。法。67The passage is likely to appear in_Aa biography Ba history paperCa newspaper Da philosophy textbook 答案答案C提示：推理判断题。利用要诀提示：推理判断题。利用要诀6演绎推理法演绎推理法和归纳推理法。和归纳推理法。
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