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Unit 3 Language in use现在完成时（一）现在完成时（一）1. 现在完成时的定义现在完成时的定义 现在完成时表示过去的某个时间已经发生的动作或曾经做过的事情对目前造成的某种影响；现在完成时还可以表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。如： I have visited the Great Wall twice, but I still want to go there. 我已经去过长城两次了，但我还想再去那里。 He has finished his homework.他已经做完了他的作业。 2. 现在完成时的句型现在完成时的句型（1）肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词。如： Tom has already posted the photos. 汤姆已经邮寄了照片。（2）否定句：主语+havent/hasnt+动词的过去分词。如： I havent finished my homework yet. 我还没有做完家庭作业。 （3）一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词？如： Have you called your mother? 你给你的妈妈打过电话了吗？ 【注意】has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他各种人称。 3. 动词的过去分词的构成动词的过去分词的构成 大部分动词的过去分词变化形式与动词的过去式形式相同，即大部分动词直接在词尾加-ed；以e结尾的动词在词尾加-d；以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词需将y改为i，再加-ed。但也有一些动词属于不规则动词，其过去分词形式需要特殊记忆。来看看下面这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式：seesawseen taketooktakenbewas/werebeen givegavegiveneatateeaten makemademadehavehadhad meetmetmetfindfoundfound gowentgonesendsentsent comecamecomecatchcaughtcaught do/doesdiddonefallfellfallen growgrewgrownknowknewknownrunranrunwearworewornspeakspokespoken【话题呈现话题呈现】 本模块的话题是个人的经历，主要谈论与旅游相关的经历。通过学习，学生能够用现在完成时询问和描述他人或自己的旅游经历，能在作文中正确使用一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时等多种时态。学生可以谈论不同经历的印象，不同经历中的事件，不同经历的感觉和想法。【佳句荟萃佳句荟萃】What kind of competition? 哪种竞赛？Itll help you improve your speaking.它有助于提高你的演讲水平。But I cant afford it.但是我负担不起。Good luck. 祝你好运。Ive stopped trying now.我现在已经停止尝试了。That is a pity. 那真可惜。Have you ever thought about other kinds of competitions?你考虑过其他种类的竞赛吗？I havent travelled much.我旅行得不多。It doesnt need to be true. 它不需要是真实的。You can make it up.你可以编一个故事。He is a fifteen-year-old American boy.他是一个十五岁的美国男孩。Cairo is one of the biggest and busiest cities in Africa.开罗是非洲最大、最繁忙的城市之一。Peter usually stays in a country for about two years.彼得通常在一个国家待大约两年。They have been to many interesting places.他们去过很多名胜。This language is different from English in many ways.这种语言在很多方面和英语不同。They find it hard to spell and pronounce the words. 他们发现在单词拼写与发音上很难。So far they have learnt to speak German, French, Chinese and Arabic.到目前为止，他们已经学会了说德语、法语、汉语和阿拉伯语。Sometimes they mix the languages.有时他们会混淆那些语言。They have friends all over the world.他们在全世界都有朋友。They are counting down the days.他们正在倒计时。【写作任务写作任务】 如今，旅行已经成为人们生活中一个重要的部分，同学们也会有许多旅行的经历。请以“I Have Been to France”为题，参考下列图片，写一篇英语短文，介绍一次游览欧洲西部（west of Europe） 法国的经历。 要求：1. 语言通顺，行文连贯，内容充实；2. 80词左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。【写作指导】 现在来完成文章的提纲和主要内容。文章可分为三部分：Beginning法国的地理位置：It is in 1 Europe.Body旅途中的游览经历：I 2 the famous Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral.I 3 in the Avenue des Champs-Elysees.I 4 the dessert（甜点） and a little wine there. I have learnt some French before, so I could 5 . local people in French.Ending总结：It was a wonderful trip.the west ofvisitedwalkedtasted talk with 【自主创作】 I Have Been to France I have been to France with my parents. . I hope to go to France again.【范文展示】 I Have Been to France I have been to France with my parents. It is in the west of Europe. There are a lot of places of interest there. I visited the famous Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral. They are fantastic. In the evening, I walked in the Avenue des Champs-Elysees, one of the most beautiful streets in France. I also tasted the dessert and a little wine there. The wine in France is world-famous and it tastes really good. I have learnt some French before, so I could talk with local people in French. It was a wonderful trip and from it Ive learnt a different culture. I hope to go to France again.
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