资源描述
倒装句专题倒装句专题英语句子按英语句子按主谓排列顺序主谓排列顺序来分有来分有正常语序正常语序和和倒装语序倒装语序。正常语序正常语序的结构是的结构是“主语主语+谓语谓语”，倒装语序倒装语序为为谓语（或谓语的一部分）谓语（或谓语的一部分）+主语主语。倒装句专题倒装句专题倒装语序分为倒装语序分为完全倒装完全倒装和和部分倒装部分倒装两种。两种。完全倒装完全倒装是将整个谓语移至主语前面。是将整个谓语移至主语前面。例如：例如：Then comes the bus。部分倒装部分倒装是只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放是只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放主语之前。主语之前。例如：例如：Is she an English teacher?句子语序句子语序正常语序正常语序（主语（主语+谓语）谓语）倒装语序倒装语序（谓语（或谓语（谓语（或谓语的一部分）的一部分）+主语主语)全部倒装全部倒装整个谓语移至主语前面整个谓语移至主语前面部分倒装部分倒装只将助动词、系动词或情只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前态动词放在主语之前完全倒装完全倒装1）用于）用于there be句型句型教室里有很多学生。教室里有很多学生。 There are many students in the classroom. （2）句首状语引起完全倒装）句首状语引起完全倒装副词副词here、 there、 in、out、up 、down、 away、 back、 now、then、ahead等位于句首，当谓语动词等位于句首，当谓语动词是是be、 come 、 go、 follow、 run等表示位置移动的等表示位置移动的动动词，而且主语又是名词时，需要把谓语动词放主语词，而且主语又是名词时，需要把谓语动词放主语之前，即完全倒装。之前，即完全倒装。2 2 车来了。车来了。 Here _铃响了。铃响了。 There_该你的了。该你的了。 Now_孩子们出去了孩子们出去了.Out_comes the bus.goes the es your turn.went the children.They went out.Here he comes.注意注意:当代词做主语时，主谓语序不变当代词做主语时，主谓语序不变。他们出去了他们出去了. 他来了。他来了。典型例题 1. -Lets hurry. Listen! There_. -Oh，yes. Has the teacher come yet? -Look! Here_. A the bell goes， is he coming B goes the bell， he comes C the bell is going， he is coming D goes the bell， comes he （3）当句首状语为表示地点的）当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组介词词组时，时，也常常引起全部倒装也常常引起全部倒装1 城南有个大型钢铁厂。城南有个大型钢铁厂。South of the city lies a big steel factory. A big steel factory lies south of the city .2.台前站着一位歌唱家台前站着一位歌唱家A singer stood in the front of the stage. In the front of the stage stood a singer 1)On a hill in front of them stood a great castle. 2)On the bed lay a sick old man. 3) Under the tree was sitting one of the biggest men I have ever seen. 4)Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards. 5)Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. (4.) 当直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时当直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时,引号引号外的主谓可以全部倒装外的主谓可以全部倒装,也可以不倒装也可以不倒装. 1) “I think were lost.” said my brother. (也可以也可以: “I think were lost.” my brother said.) 2) “ If I die,” asked he, “ who will take my place?” (也可以也可以: “If I die,” he asked, “who will take my place?”)(5)是是be, 提前时，整个句子需倒装。提前时，整个句子需倒装。Happy is he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements. 二、部分倒装：二、部分倒装： 指将谓语的一部分（如助动词、系动词指将谓语的一部分（如助动词、系动词或情态动词）倒装至主语之前。如果句或情态动词）倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词等，则中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词等，则需添加助动词需添加助动词 do、does 或或 did ，并将，并将其置于主语之前。其置于主语之前。 1、在以、在以so, nor, neither 开头的句子里。开头的句子里。 (也是也是; 也不是）也不是）A fish can swim and so can I.I get up at seven and so does my brother.He didnt do it and neither did I.He didnt smoke, nor did he drink.）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装意思，则不倒装.（确实是）确实是） -It is hot today. -So it is. -He finished it on time. -So he did.注意：注意：）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，soso也不用倒也不用倒装装( (某人照办了某人照办了）The teacher asked me to read louder , and I did so.3)当前面的句子中当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时式不同时，则用，则用so it is with.句型来表句型来表示。示。Tom likes singing, but he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary. 典型例题典型例题 -You forget your purse when you went out. -Good heavens，_. A . so did I B . so I did C . I did so D. I so did -David has made great progress recently. -_， and_. A. So he has， so you have B. So he has， so have you C. So has he， so have you D. So has he， so you have2. 当当so (such).that.结构中的结构中的so或或such位于位于时时,构成部分倒装句。构成部分倒装句。 (1) So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.(2) So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 由由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如：一个人（或物）的句子，如： “We must start for the work-site now.” “So must we.” Society has changed and so have the people in it. He plays the violin quite well. So does my sister. He has been to Beijing, so have I. - It was cold yesterday. So it was! - Tomorrow will be Monday. So it will. 3. only位于句首位于句首,修饰副词、介词短修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时语或状语从句时,要用要用部分倒装部分倒装。 注意注意: only修饰状语从句时修饰状语从句时,主句中倒装主句中倒装,从句中不倒装从句中不倒装; only修饰的不是状语时修饰的不是状语时,则不用倒则不用倒装语序。装语序。 Only the teachers can come in. only +Prep. phrase时时间间副副词词When-clause+助助动动词词+主主语语+谓谓语语Only yesterday did he leavefor Tokyo.Only when he came back could we know the results.他他只只有有昨昨天天动动身身去去东东京京。只只有有当当他他回回来来时时我我们们才才能能知知道道结结果果。主句主句从句从句 典型例题典型例题 - _can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)A. With hard work B. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard - Only in this way_to make improvement in the operating system.(2003)A. you can hope B. you did more C. can you hope D. did you hope4（1）具有否定意义的副词放句首）具有否定意义的副词放句首： not， never， seldom， hardly， rarely， little， scarely， few 例句：例句： 1）Never have I seen such a performance. 2）Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.1）I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life_ so happy!(2000，spring) A. did I feel B. I feel C. I had felt D. had I felt 2）The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _with each other.(2003) A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled （2）含有否定意义的连词放句首）含有否定意义的连词放句首: not onlybut also.， neither. nor.， no soonerthan.，scarcely. when.， hardly. when.， not until. 注意：注意： 1） not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 2）not only， no sooner，hardly，scarcely要倒，要倒， but (also)，than， when后面的句子不倒。后面的句子不倒。(前倒后不倒前倒后不倒) 3）neither.nor.两部分都倒装。两部分都倒装。例如：例如：用于用于NO SOONER THAN，HARDLY WHEN和和NOT UNTIL的句型的句型中。中。(1) Hardly had I arrived when she left，(2) No sooner had I arrived than she left.(3)Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. (4)Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so 典型例题典型例题 1）Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious pollution was. (95) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize 2）Not only _ interested in football but_ beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is， all his students areB. the teacher himself is， are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself， are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself， all his students are 3） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 4）No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5） Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize （3） 含有否定意义的介词放句首：含有否定意义的介词放句首： by no means， in no time， in no case， on no account， under no circumstances. 典型例题典型例题 Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room. A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permitted 注意注意:1) 加前缀或后缀加前缀或后缀( un_, im_, _less等等)视为肯定视为肯定句句. ( The young man was impolite to us. His father was impolite to us, too.) The young man was impolite to us and so was his father.5. 某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或某些让步状语从句往往把表语提到主语前面或放在句首，以构成倒装结构。放在句首，以构成倒装结构。例如：例如：No matter how interesting the book is，he doesnt like to read it However hard a solid may be，we can change its shape. Young as he is, he knows a lot. 6 虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were， should， 或或 had， 可将可将 if 省略，再把省略，再把 were， should 或或 had 移移到从句句首，实行倒装到从句句首，实行倒装 。 -Were they here now，they could help us. =If they were here now， they could help us. -Had you come earlier，you would have met him =If you had come earlier， you would have met him. -Should it rain，the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain，the crops would be saved. 注意注意 : 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词在虚拟语气的从句中，动词 be 的过去时态一的过去时态一律用律用 “were” ，不用，不用 was ， 即在从句中即在从句中 be 用用 were 代替。代替。 - If I were you， I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 - If he were here， everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题典型例题 - _ to do the work， I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I - _it rain tomorrow， we would have put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. (94)A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will - _ for the tree tickets，I would not have gone to the film so often. (95sh)A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had not it been D. If they were not 7 用于用于“形容词（或名词、动词、形容词（或名词、动词、 副词）副词）+AS（THOUGH）引导的让步状语从句）引导的让步状语从句中中”尽管她很漂亮，可她不聪明。尽管她很漂亮，可她不聪明。Pretty as as she is, she is not clever. 尽管他可以试一试，他还会掉下来。尽管他可以试一试，他还会掉下来。 Try asas he could, he might fall again. 注意注意: : 如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。如果从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。1尽管他还是个孩子，他不得不去谋生。尽管他还是个孩子，他不得不去谋生。Child asas he was, he had to make a living. 2) Hero as he is , he has some shortcomings. (表语表语倒装倒装)3) Hard as they worked, they didnt finish the task ahead of time. (状语倒装状语倒装)4) Try as you might, you will not succeed. (主要动词主要动词倒装倒装)注意注意 :1、句首名词不能带任何冠词。、句首名词不能带任何冠词。2、句首是实义动词、句首是实义动词 ， 其他助动词放在其他助动词放在 主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 3、让步状语从句中，有、让步状语从句中，有 though、 although时，后面的主句不能有时，后面的主句不能有 but ，但是但是 though 和和 yet 可连用。可连用。 典型例题典型例题 - _，he knows a lot of things. A. The child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as he is D. Child he as is - _，I have never seen anyone whos as capable (有能力）有能力）as John.(2001) A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have travled so much 8 用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用到用于某些表示祝愿的句子也要用到倒装。倒装。May you succeed! 祝你成功！祝你成功！Long live China !中国万岁中国万岁5. You should try to get a good nights sleep _ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 6. On the wall _ two large portraits. A.hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging 7. Be quick! _ . A. The bus comes here B. The bus here comes C. Here the bus comes D. Here comes the bus 8. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other. A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled 9. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party. A.she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing 10. Only in this way _ to make improvement in the operating system. A.you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
展开阅读全文