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一、what about 与 how about用这两个短语放在句首的简略问句,都可以用来表示征求意见或询问情况。两者可 以互换,但有时不能,what about也有别的用法和解释。例如:What about going to Harbin tomorrow?=How about going to Harbin tomorrow?What about the funding? Where are we going to get it?=How about the funding? Where are we going to get it?注意what about有别的用法和解释。例如: What about it? =What shall we do?What about the others(Concerning the others, what is your plan or idea?别的人怎么办?(至于别人,你有什么打算或意见?)What about it? (Tell me more precisely what you mean.)这是怎么回事?(把你的意思明确的地告诉我。)二、what if, what of 和 what for这三个短语的用法和含义各不相同。What if表示 倘若将会怎样?即使 又有什么关系呢?; what of表示的情况怎样? 又有什么重要性呢? ; whatfor为何目的?为什么?。例如:What if it rains while we are out?倘若我们外出遇上下雨,那怎么办呢?What of it?那有什么了不起呢?(那又怎么样呢?)Well, and what of it? (It has no importance.)嗯,那又怎么样呢?(怎么,那有什么了不起?)What for did you ask that silly question? Now he s going to speak for another ten minutes.你干吗要问那个愚蠢的问题?这一来他又得说上十分钟。What did you do that for?三、 what 作 the thing that 或 as muchas 解。What作关系代词,其作用相当于 the thing 或 people that, 请比较:This is just what I have been looking forward to.=This is just the book that I have been looking forward to.The thing that I like most in her is her kindness.=What I like most in her is her kindness.The upstart is not what he was ten years ago.=The upstart is not the man that was ten years ago.这个暴发户已经不是十年前那个人了。四、What作关系形容词,其作用相当于as much - as, whatever 0请比较:She will give the sick baby what care she can.=She will give the sick baby as much care as she can.Lend me what money you have on hand.五、What is 或 What- are当what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词要根据表语的内容判断。请比较:What I need most are two books.What I need most is only one book.六、what is +形容词或副词比较级常用的短语有:what is more 而且; what is/was worse 更糟糕的是; what is better W且更可贵的是;what is the best of all最难能可贵的是,what is more important 更重要的是;what is more disappointing 而且更令人失望的是,等等。例如:She said it, and what is more disappointing, she did.她那样说了,而且更使人失望的是,她还那样做了。And, what makes the matter worse, she has already taken to smoking. 而且,更糟糕的 是,她已经迷上吸烟了。七、What is like?和 What doeslike?前者like是介词,答语是形容词;而后者 like是动词其答语是名词。例如:What is your sister like? She is very clever.What does she like? She likes picture books.八、What is he like?和 What is he?前者指外貌和品行等,其答语用形容词;而后者则指职业,其答语是职业名词。例如:What was he like ten years ago? V ery honest.What was he ten years ago? A teacher.九、What+名词和 what +little 的区别。前者表示: 所有的都”;而后者表示:虽少但全部请比较:She saved what little money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother go to school.她从她微薄的薪金中尽量省出一些来帮助她兄弟上学。She gave her sister what books she had .她把她所有的书都给她妹妹了。十、what to do在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。例如:What to do next has not been decided.I don t know what to do with these used desks.H What one is 和 what one has 的区别前者指一个人的品质或特征;而后者指一个人的财富。请比较:I married you not for what you have but for what you are.我嫁给你不是为了你的财富,而是看上了你的人品。十二、 what with - and what with 和 what byand what by两者表示:.半由于一半由于;一方面由于一方面由于例如:What with hard work and what with taking too little care of himself, our headmaster cameto leave this world at the age of fifty.一半由于工作太累,一半由于太不关心自己,所以我们的校长五十岁就去世了。十三、 whatever 和 no matter what 区别引导让步状语从句时,二者没有区别,但whatever可引导名词性从句也可以作限定词,而 no matter what不能。请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well.=No matter what you do, you must do it well.Whatever you do should be done well.Whatever books you have, you should often read.Whatever you say goes. =Anything that you say goes.无论你说什么,者B会照办。十四、what引导感叹句。例如:What a good student he is! What a Chinese!
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