初中重要短语句型惯用法

All rights reserved, copies must investigate. Designer：Mr Qian初中重要短语/句型/惯用法Class: Name: 中考句型 第 4 页 共 4 页1.There be 结构 a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。eg.There are twenty girls in our class. have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch. b.There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。 c.There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school.问：Is there a river near our school.回答：Yes, there is. No, there isnt.划How many rivers are there near our school? Whats near our school? d.there be 结构的一般将来时，其正确形式为：there is going to be e.反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass, is there?There is going to _ a football match this afternoon. A.have B.watch C.be D.playThey were sure that they were going to _ a rest. A.beB.haveC.be onD.on2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。 a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps. So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too. b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)主语，表示某人也不。eg.Mother has never been to Japan. Neither has Father. = Father has never been to Japan, either.c.So主语be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同), 请同学们与a.区别。eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom. B:So he is.=He is really in the class room.3.Its +时间 + since动词过去式。自从.起已有.时间了。 Its two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了) How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了)4.祈使句+and (那么). eg.Go straight on and youll see a school. = If you go straight on, youll see a school.5.祈使句+or.否则.eg.Work hard, or you will fall behind the other students. = If you dont work hard, youll fall behind the other.6. The+比较级.，the+比较级. 越.越. eg. The more, the better. 越多越好。 The harder you work on it, the better youll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。)7.How do you like the film? = What do you think of the film?(你认为这部电影怎样？)8.What.do with.?怎样对付.?怎样处理.? 虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.eg.A:What have you done with the library book? B:Ive just returned it to the library.9.I dont know what to do.我不知道该怎么办？ I dont know how to do. ()10.What.be like?.是什么样的？eg. Whats the weather like? 天气如何？ Whats your school like? 你们学校是什么样的？11.What.for?为何目的？为什么？eg.What do you want a science lab for? = Why do you want a science lab?12.one of +最高级复数 最.之一eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.13.find it + 形容词 + to do eg.I find it useful to learn English well.(我发觉学好英语是很有用的) find +宾语 +名词 eg.I find him a good boy.(我发现他是个好男孩.) find +宾语 +形容词 eg.I find the door open/closed.(我发现门开/关着) I find our bags filled with/full of presents.(我发现我们的包装满了礼物)14.I dont think+肯定句 我想.不 eg.I dont think Ill take it. (我想我不买它了) 请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。15.prefer A to B=like A better than B 更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.eg. I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken16.had better do sth.最好干某事.否定:had better not do sth. 特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.eg.Youd better catch a train. Youd better not talk in class.Youd better not be late for the class.17.It is good (nice)of+宾格+to do sth.eg.It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教我英语真是太好了)18.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间) =sb.spend some time on sth. (in) doing sth.eg.It took me half an hour to do the work. = I spent half anhourin doing the work.19.sb.pay 钱 for 物 某物化费了某人多少钱 =sb.spend 钱 on 物 =物 cost sb.钱pay的过去式为paideg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat. = I spent thirty yuan on the coat. = The coat cost me thirty yuan.20.have been to 某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿 sb.have been in +地点 某人呆在某地(一段时间) have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在这儿21. too形容词(副词)+to太而不能 太以致于不eg. The basket is too heavy for me to carry. 这篮子太重我拿不动。 This colour TV is too expensive for us to buy. 这台彩电对我们来说太贵了，买不起。so.that 如此.以致于. 上面的too.to结构的句子，可以换成so.that 引导的句子转换。 The basket is so heavy that I cant carry it. This colour TV is so expensive that we cant afford it.22.Whats the population of .? .人口有多少？不说How much population in.?形容人口数量的大用largeeg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA23.Ive come to return your pan. (我跑来是还你锅的) Why have you come? 而不用What24.not.until (连词)方才，才eg.He says that he wont be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空。 肯定句until 到 eg.Youd better wait until tomorrow. (你最好等到明天)25.neither.nor. 既不.也不. either.or. 或者.或者.eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word hundred. Either you or she is right. (谓语动词就近原则) both.and. 两者都. eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主语看作复数)练习题：1.-Where is Mary? -Oh, she _ the librory.A.has gone to B.went to C.has been to D.had gone to2.He knew little about the film _ he saw it yesterday evening. A.if B.since C.until D.because3.I_ change his mind. Dont worry, Hell surely come to get it.A.think he wont B.think he willC.dont think he wontD.dont think he will4.- _do you_ the TV play? - Not bad, I think. A.How;think of B.What;like C.How;like D.What;think5. I _ have a good time _ the party. A.hope you will;atB.like you; onC.hope you to ;inD.want you that; from1. get on/off(the bus) 上/下车get up 起床get ready for 为.作准备get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服get in 进入，收集 get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物 get on well with sb/sth.与某人相处很好，.进展顺利2. have an accident 出事故 have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴 have a cold wet day 天气又冷又湿 have a cough 咳嗽 have a drink(of). 喝一杯. have a talk 听报告 have lunch 吃午饭 have.for lunch 午饭吃. have a meeting 开会 have no idea 不知道 have a rest 休息一下3. make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 把A错认为B take sth. by mistake 错拿某物4. make friends with 与.交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸 make a fire 生火 make an excuse 找借口 make a.sound 发.音 make tea 沏茶 make room for. 为.腾/找出空间 make it 成功，约定时间 make it 5:00约定五点 make a team 组成一个队 Lets make it half past one. 注意：时间前不用介词at5. turn sth. on/off 打开/关掉. turn sth. up/down 把.音量开大/小 注意：当sth 是代词时，常放中间6. try sth. on 试穿（衣、鞋、帽）注意：当 sth 为it或them, 常放中间 try out 试验、尝试 try ones best to do sth. 尽力干某事 = do ones best to do sth.7. send sb. away 开除、解雇某人 send for sb. 派人去请某人 send up 发射8. hear from sb 收到.的来信 hear of 听说9. hurry off 匆匆离去，赶快去 hurry up 赶快10. get to +名词 get to school get +副词(不用to) get here/there/home reach+名词/副词 reach school arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in）arrive here/there/homeeg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到达上海 eg. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家11. teach sb. English 教某人英语 teach oneself=learn sth.by oneself 自学12.到.末为止 by the end of + 过去时间 （用于过去完成时） by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时） at the end of+地点 在.尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于13. hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 成百万的14. be pleased to do sth 很高兴地干某事 be pleased with sth. 为某事而高兴15. used to do 过去常常做 used to be 过去是 be used for doing 被用来做 = be used to do be used as 被当作 be used by 被.所使用16. so far 到目前为止，用于现在完成时17. on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上 on the morning of June 15th.1998 在1998年6月15日早上18. keep sb.doing sth. 让某人一直干某事 keep doing sth. 继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 持续不断地做某事19. much too+形容词副词原级 实在太. too much+不可数名词 相当多的.eg. Its _ expensive. I cant buy it.Theres _ rain this year.20. thanks to.由于，多亏 thanks to ones help=because of ones help 由于某人的帮忙 thanks for ones help 谢谢某人的帮助21. be far away froma place/sb 远离某地22. wear out 穿坏、穿旧、用尽 常用于被动语态。其P.P为wornMy shoes are worn out. sell out 售完 卖完23. two-month holiday=two months holiday 二个月的假期24. fall asleep 入睡（进入状态） get to sleep 入睡（还没睡着）25. stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事 eg. She stopped the child from listening.stop doing sth.停止干某事，不再干某事stop to do sth. 停止下来干另一件事。26. hardly any +n. 几乎没有.27. quite a/an+形容词名词 一个相当.eg. Two months is quite a long time. a very 形容词+名词eg. English is a very useful language.28. be afraid of+名词 害怕. be afraid to+动词 担心、害怕. be afraid that+从句 恐怕.29. so+形容词 so strong so beautiful such+形容词+名词(复数或不可数)such beautiful pictures such nice smell such + a/an+形容词+名词（单数） such an interesting story30. feel like doing 想干某事31. be made/grown/produced三个词的被动语态都可解释为“生产”归类: 机器一类make(制造)盐.糖.丝绸produce (经机器加工生产)农作物、水果grow (人工种出来的)32. finish doing sth. 做完某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于干某事 go on doing sth. 继续干某事 be always doing 老是干某事33. hope to do sth. 希望干某事 .hope that.希望某人干某事,不可用hope sb.to do sth.34. in surprise 惊奇地（作状语） be surprised at sb. 对某人的举动感到诧异 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶35. no space(room) to stand in 没有站的空间36. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 agree with sb. 同意某人的观点 with ones help 在某人的帮助下选择题：1.They arrived _ London_ a cold winter night. A.at, in B.in, onC.at, onD.in, at2. One after another, three of them_.A.fell asleep B.got to asleepC.went to asleep D.were sleeping3.You must be very tired. Why not_ a rest? A. stop taking B. stop to takeC. to stop taking D. to stop to take4._, Ive caught up with my classmates in my English studies. A.Under his help B.With his help C.Under the help of him D.With the help of him5.Mother told me _ in the sun.A.not readB.dont readC.read not D.not to read6.Watching TV _ is bad for your eyes.A.much tooB.many tooC.too muchD.too many7.Those foreign visitors _ our city the day before yesterday. A.arrived B.reachedC.reached to D.got in 8.She asked me to help her _ her Chinese. A.at B.with C.forD.on9.Look _ the words in the dictionary when you dont know _ they mean.A.up, what B.up, that C.for, that D.for, what