非谓语动词之分词作状语

过去分词过去分词不定式不定式-ing 形形式式非谓语动词三、非谓语使用条件三、非谓语使用条件一个句子当中，一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词的情况的情况下下She got off the bus but left her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.四、四、分析句子结构分析句子结构,辨别辨别“谓与非谓谓与非谓”1. _many times but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been toldB. He was told B_A五、填词：用五、填词：用studying或者或者study1）_ ( study) hard, you will pass the final exam.2)_ ( study) hard and you will pass StudyingStudyTask 2：掌握现在分词作状语分词作状语分词作状语状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句 子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。 V-ing作状语让步 原因 条件 结果 时间伴随方式Amaze, sing, raise armsMickey and Mimi are dancing to the _music, _and _their arms.amazingsingingraising伴随When she findsWhen she finds that the prince that the prince is drowning is drowning in the ocean, she saves him to the shore.in the ocean, she saves him to the shore._ (find)the prince drowning in the _ (find)the prince drowning in the ocean, she saves him to the shore.ocean, she saves him to the shore.FindingFinding时间时间Koala Bear, carry, climb, search for food_her little baby on the back, the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees, _for food.Carryingsearching一起来造句让步尽管看到老师很失望的表情，但是他们自己做自己的事情。1.Notice2.disappointed3.Do ones own businessNoticing their teachers disappointed look,they do their own business.因为他在公共场合吸烟，所以被罚款了1.Smoke in public2.fine(v.罚款)原因原因Smoking in public ,he was fined .The train was caught in heavysnow , _the delay.He awoke, _himself on the floor.结果结果causingthusto findonlyV-ing 做结果状语表示必然结果，可用做结果状语表示必然结果，可用thus doing ; to do 做结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，可用做结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，可用 only to do.Conclusion分词语态时态否定逻辑主语Pay attention被被 动动主主 动动语态doingdoinghaving donehaving donehaving been donehaving been done 语态看分词语态看分词（即主被动关系）（即主被动关系）1being donebeing done _(see) black clouds covering the sky, he stopped his work and went home.Seeing_(bury埋埋) himself in the book, he didnt notice the sound. _(bury埋埋) in the book, he didnt notice the sound.BuriedBurying Whybe buried in 被埋在被埋在；bury oneself in sth.埋头于埋头于1.doing或者being done 几乎同时发生2.Having done或者having been done 先于谓语动词之前发生时态看分词时态看分词( (即时间关系即时间关系) )2“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, _out of the window. A.looking B.having lookedC.to look D.looked_a long way, Bob began to feel tiredA.Walking B.Having walkedC.To walk D.walked _ in the queue for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited直接在分词前面加not_ a reply, he decided to write again.A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received否定的表达否定的表达3 ._that he was in great danger,Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Realizing not C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意此时应注意人称一致。人称一致。 1）Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.2）Seeing from the hill , we find the city very beautiful.逻辑主语逻辑主语4_for a long time, the book looks old.1.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧._ the book, I find it useful. 2.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用. _ (look) at her, he jumped with joy._(look) at by her, he jumped with joy.UsedUsingLookingLooked解题步骤，我们一起来总结1、根据句子结构确定分词的、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分语法成分2、找准、找准逻辑主语逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系判断主、被动关系4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完用完成式还是一般式。成式还是一般式。5. 最后选定现在或过去分词。最后选定现在或过去分词。