中英文翻译堆垛机参数化设计系统的开发

Based on the piler parameter of SolidWorks, melt to design systematic development o Abstract : with three-dimensional feature modelling software SolidWorks200 1 is platform, adopt modular , parameter melt design thought found the corresponding modular of piler three-dimensional model; Is with MicrosoftAccess support database, MicrosoftVisualBasic establish for developing tool design calculation and the data interface of three-dimensional model; Analyse software COSMOS with limited Yuan to carry out structural school nucleus, having established face storehouse to store up the parameter of equipment piler, melt to design system . practise proof: should design system may raise design efficiency and quality apparently, may respond the market requirement of individuation fast.Along with advanced production the development of technology, CAD technology have begun from 2 dimensions to three-dimensional transfer. besides buy CAD software is going to develop twice for platform, establish apply to the system of application software of enterprise self characteristic, have urgent realistic meaning When the thing of manufacturing industry flows , iformation flow and energy flow , thing flow for the quick production of enterprise, manage the role of act enough importance in coordination. piler is thing flow out storehouse store up major equipment, its series finalize the design of product possess considerable proportion and series in the most element or parts have similar appearance outline feature, have had parameter melt design prerequisite condition. SolidWorks is the excellent three-dimensional design software based on Windows platform , melts with its parameter with feature modeling technology famous. is platform development with SolidWorks make the parameter of piler melt design system may raise design efficiency apparently, is helpful for alleviation resource and task between contradiction, may respond the market requirement of individuation fast, have very strong realistic meaning for reinforced enterprise competition ability. Besides, parameter melts to design is helpful to realize the software of CAD/CAE/CAPP/CAM/PDM in large quantities with modern design means, is integrated , may promote the informative construction of enterprise actively,. Automation three-dimensional storehouse is that thing flows important composition part, it is to stock and take out voluntarily under not directly carrying out the condition of artificial intervention the system that thing flows out . it is the high-tech outcome of modern industrial social development, for raise productivity and reduction cost have important meaning. produce and manage in recent years along with enterprise rise constantly, more and more enterprises know thing flow out systematic improvement and reasonability for the development of enterprise very important. piler is automation three-dimensional storehouse in most important take heavy pile pile up equipment, it can in the tunnel of automation cube in the shuttle operation of round trip, will locate in unnel the goods of mouth stock goods shelf; or opposite take out the goods transit in oods shelf go to tunnel mouth.World major industrial state home put starting point in development performance eliable new product and emphasize practicality and safety, more on high new echnology. in the aspect of piler, we should see with the gap of world developed country, summary experience is found out , is below , break traditional way of thinking , ut out the piler of new appearance and higher performance,.Believing , passing through our unceasing effort and will surely devise high speed, afety and reliability can be our country for strengthening the countrys c mprehensive ower of our country high piler, is fill a minute the blank of science and technology.1, piler is modular , parameter melt design thought It is normalization that parameter melts to design , seriation products plan a kind f simple , efficient, excellent design method. it denote the shape of parts or element ormally finalize the design fairly, use the structural size of this model and a group of arameter of geometric constraint with make rubbing rush at relation; parameter and esign have for the control size of elephant show type corresponding relation, will ompose the parameter sequence value of difference , may drive typical model, reach atisfy the element model of design requirement It is to melt based on the parameter of mechanical structural modular to design that he parameter of piler melts to design, it is the basic unit of design with mechanical tructural modular . mechanical structural modular denote have the mechanical tructural parts of size interchangeability, its installation connection the geometry arameter of part satisfy certain kind stipulate ask , can guarantee general exchange or ompatible. modular product form pattern is equal to general modular( do not change art) add die for special purpose piece( change part) 2 . the parameter of piler melt esign solve modular emphatically in change part. In the design process of modular, first determine the performance data of each odular, geometry size the combination form between series basic structural layout and ach modular. These parameters will drive as God of modular, parameter lets less mportant parameter rely on main drive parameter, designing certain kind proportion sing equation concern or the relation of geometric constraint 3 . modular between nterface data have definition explanation, charge you action design the data interface ofmodular and the input interface of prototype model The 3 D models of two pillar type pilers, the design of piler basis and function equirement, is piler partition , standard component and general part, fork installation nd driven pulley are organized , driving pulley organize polygonal wheel magnet yoke rganize , pulley organize , reel and day ship organize and carry goods Taiwan and loose ope overload, broken rope protect , buffer share 12 modulars. 2. parameter and the establishment of model melt With WJ52 model two pillar type pilers is regular, establish the parameter of each odular melt 3 D models. should notice the following in this complete step: Before model is established , should carry out program first for the feature of element, the most important basic feature of establishing first is deduced similarly in proper order, final establishment is assisted feature. for decorate the feature of sex somewhat, as: pour angle and round angle, affect for the overall shape of element less, is but easy very much cause parameter melt drive fail , had better so put final generation. Standard component and general part are founded according to the nominal size parameter in element design manual model has the size parameter of regular relation should establish equation in model, . is each kind of standard component using database Access establish database, as: the database of bolt, washer, screw, key etc. standard component and general part, every database mark parameter table by the country of corresponding standard component with with its nominal parameter corresponding length series table composition, with is the data source of application program layer. 3 The property of element ( name, picture number, material and weight) should be established in model, assemble body easily, draw generation BOM ( BillofMaterials) voluntarily, material detail list4 that regards element and the different design drive that asksto adopt difference way. Fig.2 show the rope groove part of pulley, because of its parameter from take heavy profession standard stipulate , so come to drive with series element design table, pass through generation the disposition of difference realize the change of model ; because of it the coordination of diameter, width and bearing concerning, so establish equation and geometry relation in assembly body restrain , realize through size drive.5 In element sketch or assembly, establish the size equation and relation of geometric constraint to determine modular, between as well as component between join and suit , location relation.6 The data interface for modular is defined , explain.3 Custom-made menu After application program development and test are completed , compile it into executable file, offer using API, increase individual function function, as: frame. addmenu, frame. addmenuitem, sldworks. addmenu and sldworks. addmenuitem, add a menu in the assembly interface of Solidworks item, name for piler CAD.4 School nuclear modular The function of this modular is to check nucleus for unitary modular to realize structural parameter determine to give calculation result feedback again modular. found structural, easier model for unitary modular school nucleus with working object and working environment as basic parameter, after through COSMOS school nucleus, approving the overall size and section size that determines unitary modular again.5 Project picture modular 2, D project blueprint is directly produced used for guidance, it is that piler parameter melts design , last embodiment. in this paper, model with project picture two-way drive, after model changes , in blueprint management ware, sets corresponding picture, and blueprint proportion may generate corresponding project picture voluntarily, various cut regard , size, tolerance mark and note input accord with country mark . because of have established in component model corresponding property, include : element name, picture number, material, number, weight and remarks requirement wait , and have established BOM table shuttering in Excel file, may generate material detail list voluntarily in assembly drawing therefore.6 Model seek voluntarily Zhi Three-dimensional storehouse seek voluntarily Zhi is seek stocking / voluntarily draw the location of goods. in the address of freight lot in same tunnel form from 3 parameters: some rows of goods shelves, some layers of goods shelves, left side or right side. pawn piler take over access address and the access instruction of superviser management machine after, run to the designated direction of freight lot. run , install in piler on sensor unceasing detection location, calculate judgement whether go to position. in this physical model in, adopt transmission type photoelectric sensor, it can satisfy well will beg performance index 10 . Have 2 kinds of scheme, : a kind of is increment type( relative type), another is absolute type, have its good shortcoming each. each kind of scheme again may basis choose the different difference of coordinate department have 2 kinds of specific way: a kind of is coordinate department with goods shelves, another is coordinate department with goods shelves and the chassis of piler mix coordinate law. this model mix coordinate law with increment type, its characteristic is : may reduce the number of sensor obviously( this physical model need 2 sensors only may have the goods of arbitrary goods shelf in same tunnel carry out access schoolwork), economy and practical, needed port lose very much, is easy control, make entire physical model more simple, compact, install simple and convenient.7 Concluding remarks It is modular that concluding remarks use , parameter melt design method have established the 3 D models of piler corresponding modular, have offered for the design of piler based on the CAD tool under Solidworks platform, design people may have the aid of in design systematic real time help , is completed according to design stage work for the design of piler. by use , design efficiency have raised 30%. parameter melt design is in make rubbing rush at structural relation realize under constant condition , change for the much shape of product problem, may follow pass through further design work again with top law solve . this design method for standardize , the product of seriation or is close to in standardize , the product of seriation have extensive application value.基于SolidWorks的堆垛机参数化设计系统的开发 摘要:以三维特征造型软件SolidWorks2001为平台,采用模块化、参数化的设计思想构建堆垛机的相应模块的三维模型;以MicrosoftAccess为支撑数据库,MicrosoftVisualBasic为开发工具,建立设计计算与三维模型的数据接口;采用有限元分析软件COSMOS进行结构校核,建立了面向仓储设备堆垛机的参数化设计系统.实践证明:该设计系统可显著提高设计效率与质量,可快速响应个性化的市场要求.随着先进制造技术的发展,CAD技术已开始由二维向三维转移.以外购的CAD软件为平台进行二次开发,建立起适用于企业自身特点的应用软件系统,具有迫切的现实意义.在制造业的物流、信息流和能量流中,物流对于企业的敏捷生产,协同管理起着举足轻重的作用.堆垛机是物流仓储的主要设备,其系列定型产品占有相当比例,系列中的大多数零件或部件具有相似的外形轮廓特征,具备了参数化设计的前提条件.SolidWorks是基于Windows平台的优秀三维设计软件,以其参数化和特征造型技术著称.以SolidWorks为平台开发出堆垛机的参数化设计系统可显著提高设计效率,有利于缓解资源与任务间的矛盾,可快速响应个性化的市场要求,对加强企业竞争力具有很强的现实意义.此外参数化设计大量运用现代化的设计手段,有利于实现CAD/CAE/CAPP/CAM/PDM软件的集成,可积极地推动企业的信息化建设.自动化立体仓库是物流中的重要组成部分，它是在不直接进行人工干预的情况下自动地存储和取出物流的系统。它是现代工业社会发展的高科技产物，对提高生产率、降低成本有着重要意义。近年来，随着企业生产与管理的不断提高，越来越多的企业认识到物流系统的改善与合理性对企业的发展非常重要。堆垛机是自动化立体仓库中最重要的起重堆垛设备，它能够在自动化立体的巷道中来回穿梭运行，将位于巷道口的货物存入货格；或者相反取出货格内的货物运送到巷道口。世界主要工业国家都把着眼点放在开发性能可靠的新产品和采用高新技术上，更加注重实用性和安全性。在堆垛机方面，我们应当看到和世界发达国家的差距，总结经验，找出不足，打破传统思路，推出新的外形和更高性能的堆垛机。相信，通过我们的不断努力，必能设计出高速、安全、可靠性能高的堆垛机，为增强我国综合国力，为我国填补一分科技空白。1堆垛机模块化、参数化的设计思想参数化设计是规格化、系列化产品设计的一种简单、高效、优质的设计方法.它一般是指零件或部件的形状比较定型,用一组参数和几何约束该模型的结构尺寸与拓扑关系;参数与设计对象的控制尺寸有显式对应关系,当赋予不同的参数序列值时,就可驱动典型模型,达到满足设计要求的零件模型1.堆垛机的参数化设计是基于机械结构模块的参数化设计,它以机械结构模块为设计的基本单元.机械结构模块是指具有尺寸互换性的机械结构部件,其安装连接部分的几何参数满足某种规定的要求,并能保证通用互换或兼容.模块化产品的构成模式等于通用模块(不变部分)加专用模块(变动部分)2.堆垛机的参数化设计着重解决模块中的变动部分.在模块的设计过程中,首先确定各模块的性能参数,几何尺寸系列基本结构布局与各模块之间的结合形式.这些参数将作为模块的主驱动参数,让次要参数依赖于主驱动参数,利用方程式设计成某种比例关系或几何约束关系3.模块间的接口数据有定义说明,以作为设计计算模块的数据接口和样机模型的输入接口图1为双立柱式堆垛机的3D模型,依据堆垛机的设计和功能要求,将堆垛机划分为标准件及通用件、货叉装置、从动轮组、主动轮组导轮组、滑轮组、卷筒、天轮组、载货台、松绳过载、断绳保护、缓冲器共12个模块.2 模型的建立与参数化以WJ52型双立柱式堆垛机为例,建立各模块的参数化3D模型.在完成本步骤时应注意以下几点:1) 在模型建立之前应先对零件的特征进行规划,先建立最重要的基本特征,依次类推,最后建立辅助特征.对于一些装饰性的特征,如:倒角、圆角,对零件的整体形状影响较小,但非常容易造成参数化驱动失败,因而最好放到最后生成.2) 标准件及通用件按零件设计手册中的公称尺寸参数构建模型,有固定关系的尺寸参数应在模型中建立方程式.利用数据库Access为每一种标准件建立数据库,如:螺栓、垫圈、螺钉、键等标准件和通用件的数据库,每个数据库由相应标准件的国标参数表和与其公称参数对应的长度系列表组成,以作为应用程序的数据源层.3) 零件的属性(名称、图号、材料、重量)应在模型中建立,便于装配体自动提取生成BOM(BillofMaterials)材料明细表4) 视零件的不同特征及不同的设计要求采取不同的驱动方式.图2所示滑轮的绳槽部分,因其参数由起重行业规范规定,故采用系列零件设计表来驱动,通过生成不同的配置来实现模型的改变;因其内孔径、宽度与轴承的配合有关,故在装配体中建立方程式与几何关系约束,通过尺寸驱动来实现.5) 在零件草图或装配中建立几何约束关系和尺寸方程式以确定模块之间以及零部件之间的连接、配合、位置关系.6) 对模块的数据接口进行定义说明.3 定制菜单应用程序开发、测试完毕后,将其编译成可执行文件,利用API提供的增加单项功能函数,如:frame. addmenu, frame. addmenuitem, sldworks. addmenu, sldworks. addmenuitem等,在Solidworks的装配界面中添加一个菜单项,命名为堆垛机CAD。4 校核模块该模块的功能是对单一的模块进行校核来实现结构参数的再确定并将结果反馈给计算模块.对单一模块校核,以工作对象和工作环境为基本参数构建结构,简化模型,通过COSMOS校核认可后,再确定单一模块的总体尺寸和截面尺寸.5 工程图模块2D工程图纸直接用来指导生产,它是堆垛机参数化设计的最终体现.在本文中,模型与工程图双向驱动,模型改变后,在图纸管理器中设定相应的图幅及图纸比例,可以自动生成相应的工程图,各种剖视、尺寸、公差标注、注释输入符合国标.由于在零部件模型中已建立相应的属性,包括:零件名称、图号、材料、数目、重量、备注要求等,并且在Excel文件中建立了BOM表模板,因此可在装配图中自动生成材料明细表.6 模型的自动寻址立体仓库的自动寻址就是自动寻找存放/提取货物的位置。在同一巷道内的货位地址由3个参数组成:第几排货架、第几层货格、左侧或右侧。当堆垛机接收到上级管理机的存取指令和存取地址后,即向指定的货位方向运行。运行中,安装在堆垛机上的传感器不断检测位置,计算判断是否到位。在此物理模型中,采用透射型光电传感器,它能很好地满足所要求的性能指标10。有2种方案:一种是增量式(相对式),另一种是绝对式,各有其优缺点。每种方案又可以根据所选坐标系的不同分别有2种具体方式:一种以货架为坐标系,另一种以货架和堆垛机的底盘为坐标系的混合坐标法。该模型采用增量式混合坐标法,其特点是:可以明显减少传感器的个数(本物理模型只需2个传感器就可以对同一巷道内有任意个货格的货物进行存取作业),经济、实用,所需端口很少,易于控制,使整个物理模型更简捷、紧凑,安装简便。7 结束语利用模块化、参数化的设计方法建立了堆垛机相应模块的3D模型,为堆垛机的设计提供了基于Solidworks平台下的计算机辅助设计工具,设计人员可以借助于设计系统的实时帮助,按照设计步骤完成对堆垛机的设计工作.经使用,设计效率提高了30%.参数化设计是在拓扑结构关系不变的条件下实现的,对于产品的多样性变化问题,可以遵从以上方法再通过进一步的设计工作加以解决.此设计方法对标准化、系列化的产品或接近于标准化、系列化的产品有着广泛的应用价值.设计巴巴工作室