Cricket 4 板球介绍

Cricket By Group DPart 1 History cricket The origins of cricket are very vagueHowever it is commonly accepted that the game originated from a very old leisure activity indulged by shepherds in British. The shepherds used crook and other farm equipments to hit a ball which used to be made up of wool or stone.There is a reference in the household accounts of Edward I(爱德华一世） in 1300 of a game like cricket being played in Kent. The first evidence of cricket being played was recorded in the year 1550, by the pupils of Royal Grammar School, Guildford. Earlier cricket used to thrive greatly as a gambling game. People used to place huge amounts of bets in matches and thus the game started to get recognition. Cricket was in fact a major gambling sport towards the end of the 17th century .By the 17th century the game was quite popular as a rough rural pastime, but in the following century the leisure classes took up the sport, particularly in Sussex, Kent, and London. In the year 1787, the Marylebone Cricket Club also known MCC (玛丽勒本板球俱乐部)was created. The MCC has since then gone on to become one of the most prominent bodies in world cricket .The late 18th century was a very crucial phase for the development of the game, both within and outside Britain. The game was spread far and wide mainly due to Englands imperialism .Now it is played worldwide, and despite occasional successes, it is fair to say that the real power in the game has shifted from England to nations such as South Africa, Australia, India, Pakistan, and the West Indies. But traditional village cricket is still played in towns and villages all across the UK.Part 2 The order in which the teams bat is determined by a coin toss. The captain of the side winning the toss may elect to bat or field first. All eleven players of the fielding team go out to field, two players of the batting team go out to bat. The remainder of the batting team wait off the field for their turn to bat. Each batsman wears protective gear and carries a cricket bat. The game progresses by the bowling of balls. The sequence of events which constitutes a ball follows: The fielding team disperses around the field, to positions designed to stop runs being scored or to get batsmen out. One fielder is the bowler. He takes the ball and stands some distance behind one of the wickets (i.e. away from the pitch). Another fielder is the wicket-keeper, who wears a pair of webbed gloves designed for catching the ball and protective pads covering the shins. He squats behind the opposite wicket. The rest of the fielders have no special equipment - gloves to assist catching the ball are not allowed to anyone but the wicket-keeper. One batsman stands behind the popping crease, near a wicket. The batsman farther from the bowler is the striker, the other is the non-striker. The striker stands before his wicket, on or near the popping crease, in the batting stance. The batsman stands with his bat held down in front of the wicket, ready to hit the ball, which will be bowled from the other end of the pitch. The batsman usually rests the lower end of the bat on the pitch and then taps the bat on the pitch a few times as warm-up backswings. The non-striker simply stands behind the other popping crease, waiting to run if necessary. The bowler takes a run-up from behind the non-strikers wicket. He passes to one side of the wicket, and when he reaches the non-strikers popping crease he bowls the ball towards the striker, usually bouncing the ball once on the pitch before it reaches the striker. The striker may then attempt to hit the ball with his bat. If he misses it, the wicket-keeper will catch it and the ball is completed. If he hits it, the two batsmen may score runs .When the runs are completed, the ball is also considered completed. The ball is considered to be in play from the moment the bowler begins his run-up. It remains in play until any of several conditions occur (two common ones were just described), after which it is called dead. The ball is also dead if it lodges in the strikers clothing or equipment. Once the ball is dead, it is returned to the bowler for the next delivery (another name for the bowling of a ball). Between deliveries, the batsmen may leave their creases and confer with each other. When one bowler has completed six balls, that constitutes an over. A different member of the fielding team is given the ball and bowls the next over - from the opposite end of the pitch. The batsmen do not change ends, so the roles of striker and non-striker swap after each over. Any member of the fielding team may bowl, so long as no bowler delivers two consecutive overs. Once a bowler begins an over, he must complete it, unless injured or suspended during the over. Another possibility during a ball is that a batsman may get out. There are ten different methods of being out. If a batsman gets out, the ball is dead immediately, so it is impossible to get the other batsman out during the same ball. The out batsman leaves the field, and the next batsman in the team comes in to bat. The not out batsman remains on the field. The order in which batsmen come in to bat in an innings is not fixed. The batting order may be changed by the team captain at any time, and the order does not have to be the same in each inning. When ten batsmen are out, no new batsmen remain to come in, and the inning is completed with one batsman remaining not out. The roles of the teams then swap, and the team which fielded first gets to bat through an inning. When both teams have completed the agreed number of innings, the team which has scored the most runs wins. Part 3Assorted cricket Have no controversy，Imran（伊姆兰 ）is the greatest cricketer of Pakistan. He loves his motherland-Pakistan, as he loves cricket. Imran impresses others as: his glorious athletic career appears to guarantee he political revolution he has promised. But in the election of 1997, the immodesty exposed own private giving birth to daughters problem, Imran totally failed. In 2002, the party Imran serves for just got one seat. Compared with cricket, Imrans political wrist of definite skill doesnt equal to his opponents. U.S. President George W. Bush tried his hand at a sport hugely popular in parts of cricket when he visited Pakistan in 2006 and was pronounced not bad for a first-timer. He got a quick lesson from the chairman of the Pakistan Cricket Board. Bush, in a blue shirt with sleeves rolled up, played with tennis balls. The presidents first couple of hits went off to the side, but his last hit saw the ball disappear into trees far away. He even got hit by the ball and drop his bat. He was modest about his first-time performance. Havent quite got the skills yet. he said.Thank youBy Group D