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直接引语变间接引语 1.时态变化1).时态需要变化的是：2).时态不需要变化的是： .一般现在时变一般过去时：lThegirlsaid,“Imsorryforbeinglateforclass.”lThegirlsaidthatshewassorryforbeinglateforclass.1).时态需要变化： .一般过去时变过去完成时：l Hesaidtome,“Imetyourfather.”l Hetoldmethathehadmetmyfather.一般将来时变过去将来时：l Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”l Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend. .现在完成时变过去完成时：lShesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”lShesaidthatshehadlostapen.现在进行时变过去进行时：lShesaidtome,“ImstudyingJapanesethesedays.”lShetoldmethatshewasstudyingJapanesethosedays. 2).时态不需要变化：a.直接引语中是：.客观真理： “Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”saidtheteacher. Theteachersaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun. .过去完成时： Shesaid,“TheyhadleftwhenIarrivedthere.” Shesaidtheyhadleftwhenshearrivedthere.过去进行时： Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?” JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet. 2.人称变化一般遵循这句顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化” 1).“一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如：.Theysaid,“Wewillgotherebybus.” Theysaidtheywouldgotherebybus.Shesaid“Mysisterwantstogowithme.” Shesaid(that)hersisterwantedtogowithher. 2).“二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如：.Shesaidtome,“Areyouinterestedinscience?” SheaskedmeifIwasinterestedinscience.HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow? HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen. 3).“第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，人称一般不需要变化。如：.Hismothersaidtome,“Hecantgotoschool.” Hismothertoldmethathecouldntgotoschool.MrSmithsaid,Jacksbrotherisagoodworker. MrSmithsaidJacksbrotherwasagoodworker. 1).this-that Hesaid,“Iwantthis.” Hesaidthathewantedthat.2).these-those Hesaid,Thesebooksaremine.Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.3.指示代词变化 (如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的(come,here,today,thismorning,yesterday,tomorrow)等不必改变： Bobswifesaid,“Bob,youforgotyourwalletthismorning.” BobswifetoldBobthatheforgothiswalletthismorning. 1).now-then Hesaid,“Iamverybusynow.” Hesaidhewasverybusythen.2).today-thatday Kittysaid“Illcallagainaftersuppertoday.” 4.时间状语变化 3).tonight-thatnight4).thisweek(month,etc)-thatweek(month,etc)5).yesterday-thedaybefore6).yestersaymorning-themorningbefore7).thedaybeforeyesterday-twodaysbefore8).lastweek(month,etc)-theweek(month,etc)before 9).tomorrow-thenext(following)day10).tomorrowmorning-thenext(following)morning11).thedayaftertomorrow-intwodaystime12).nextweek(month,etc)-thenext(following)week(month,etc)13).a/oneyear(twoyears)ago-a/oneyear(twoyears)before 5.地点状语变化1).here-there如： Hesaid,“Illcomeheretonight.” Hesaidhewouldgotherethatnight.如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的here不必改变： 1).bring-take Hesaid,“Iwillbringthedictionarytoyoutonight.” Hesaidthathewouldtakethedictionarytomethatnight.2).come-go Petersaid.“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.” PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.6.动词变化 3).can-could Tomsaid,“Icanswimacrossthisriver.” Tomsaidthathecouldswimthatriver.4).may-might MarysaidtoJim,“Youmaygohomenow.”MarytoldJimthathemightgohomethen. 如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的come不必改变： 改错：1.JohnsaidthatheisgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.2.HetoldmethathehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.3.TheteachertoldmethatImustpaymoreattentiontohispronunciation.4.Hesaidthesebookswerehis. 5.Shesaidthatshewouldgothisevening6.Hesaidthathewaswashinghisclothesnow.7.ShetoldmethatshewasstudyingJapanesthesedays. 答案：1.is-was2.has-had3.his-my4.these-those5.this-that6.now-then7.these-those l I wonder if it is because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature It is because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature l强调句型lItis/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分l强调人时可用who代替thatl可对主语，宾语，表语，状语进行强调lIs和was要根据具体时态而定l不能强调谓语l对原因状语的强调要用because引导 I met my old friend in the street yesterday. It was I who/that met my old friend in the street yesterday. It was my old friend that/who I met in the street yesterday. It was in the street that I met my friend yesterday. It was yesterday that I met my old friend in the street. 强调句型的验证，只要去掉itis/was和that,句子结构仍然完整。 ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecometothisschool. ItisonthefirstdayofjulythatImether. -Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarm_weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where 3.-Whatsthematterwithyou?-_thewindow,myfingerwascutunexpectedly.A.Cleaning B.TocleanB.C.WhilecleaningC.D.WhileIwascleaning Practice makes perfect!
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