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Love your neighbor UNIT 3 Unit 3 Love your neighbor talk about planning a community 4Learning objectivestalk about neighbors and communities 1 distinguish fact from opinion in listening 2 learn how to tell a story3 know the rules about language use in public speaking 5 Opening up 1 Discuss what you like / dislike about where you live. things you likea food market; a bookstore; close to the metro; a good hospital / medical care center things that are nice but not essentiala good local supermarket; a sports center;a theater / cinema; a bar things you dislikelacking of parking space; various types of noise; pollution; high crime rate Opening up2 Think about your neighborhood. What would make it: safer?Lectures should be given to tell people how to prevent fire, theft and other dangers. Besides, the police should make sure the streets are safe not only from crime but also from traffic accidents. more beautiful? I think we should plant more trees and flowers in the community. In addition, we should discipline our own behavior and should not litter garbage everywhere or draw on the buildings. Opening upmore interesting? More entertainment activities should be held to draw the interest of people. Meanwhile, dont forget the children. We should also provide them with facilities to give them fun and joy. better for your health? I think we should build a community gym providing a variety of affordable exercise options. Besides, activities should be conducted to help people quit smoking or excessive drinking.more of a community? Id really like to see a good shopping mall, where people can meet, get to know each other and entertain themselves. Sharing Listening ViewingListening to the world Listening to the worldSharing1 Watch a podcast for its general idea.The people in the podcast mainly talk about how well they know their neighbors and what makes a good neighbor and a bad neighbor. They also talk about the best or worst neighbor theyve ever had. 2 Watch Part 1 and fill in the blanks. block a few of 3) similar4) quite a lot 5) well Listening to the world3 Then watch Part 2 and match the statements 1-4 to the people A-D. Sharing12 34 Listening to the world4 Watch Part 3 and choose answers given by each person. Sharing A B C D E1 feeds your cat 2 is considerate 3 isnt noisy 4 doesnt cause you grief 5 looks out for you Listening to the worldA B C D E6 keeps up their property 7 you can leave your key with him / her 8 isnt intrusive 9 waters your plants 1 0 doesnt leave trash around 4 Watch Part 3 and choose answers given by each person. Sharing Listening to the worldSharing1) exist as well 3) respecting privacy 5) needs help7) property6 Watch Part 5 of the podcast and choose the true statements. 2 The worst neighbor she ever had was very noisy all the time. 3 His neighbor next door was arrested and taken away one night. 2) loud music4) participating6) considerate 8) friendly 5 Watch Part 4 and fill in the blanks. Listening to the world7 Discuss the questions.1 Do you know your neighbors? How well do you know them?SharingYes, I know my neighbors very well. We have been friends for many years and often invite each other for family dinners. Actually, I dont know my neighbors very well. Its difficult for people living in apartments to know their next-door neighbors nowadays. We may nod at each other or say hi when meeting in the building but never have a long conversation. I even dont know what they do or where they work. Listening to the world2 What do you think makes a good / bad neighbor? SharingA good neighbor is someone you can trust, depend on and share your happiness and grief, just like one of your family members. / A bad and inconsiderate neighbor makes much noise late at night, throws rubbish anywhere in the doorway, and never cares about what others feel. 7 Discuss the questions. Sharing Listening ViewingListening to the world Listening to the world1 Look at the picture and answer the questions. ListeningBEFORE you listen1 News site 2 Travel site 3 Social networking site 4 Dating site 5 Rating site 6 Corporate website 7 Blog 8 Wiki 9 Search engine 10 Photo / Video sharing site Listening to the world2 Discuss the questions:ListeningBEFORE you listenWhich of these websites do you use regularly? Which do you use occasionally? Which do you never use? The websites I use regularly include search engines, news sites, blogs, Wiki and social networking sites. I use these websites almost every day to get information I need and share things about myself. As to the types of websites such as photo sharing websites and travel sites, I only visit them occasionally. The websites I never use include rating sites, dating sites, and corporate websites. Listening to the worldListeningBEFORE you listenAdditional NotesBombay (now known as Mumbai)The capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the commercial and entertainment capital of India. It is one of the most populous cities in the world. Listening to the worldListeningListening skills Additional TipsDistinguishing fact from opinion Firstly, determine if the information can be proved. At the beginning, ask questions like Who? What? When? Where? Why? and How?. If you can get answers from the information you hear, it probably contains facts. Then, determine if the statements can be checked and verified to be true.I saw a science-fiction movie last night about aliens invading the earth. (fact) The truth of the matter is that frozen foods are just as good-tasting as fresh foods are. (opinion) Listening to the worldAdditional NotesDistinguishing fact from opinion Secondly, pay attention to the signal words indicating opinions. Some expressions can change a statement from a fact to an opinion. Such expressions as I think that ., I believe that ., and In my judgment . are clear signals that the speaker is about to give an opinion. Yesterdays high temperature reached 9 8 degrees Fahrenheit. (fact)In my judgment, yesterdays high temperature reached 9 8 degrees Fahrenheit. (opinion) Jackie walked to the store yesterday. (fact)I believe that Jackie walked to the store yesterday. (opinion) Listening to the worldAdditional NotesDistinguishing fact from opinion Thirdly, identify “loaded” words. Loaded words are words that contain an emotional appeal, such as exciting, beautiful, boring, and extremely. These descriptive words signal an opinion because they indicate the speakers personal point of view. Abraham Lincoln was the1 6 th president of the United States. (fact) Abraham Lincoln was the greatest president of the United States. (opinion) It is raining outside. (fact) It is raining extremely hard outside. (opinion) Listening to the world3 Listen and answer the questions.ListeningWHILE you listen1 What did Speaker 1, Lynn, do a year ago? She and her husband started an artists colony on the Internet. 2 What does she say about the community? She says that its a very creative kind of community and she and her husband love it. 3 Why does Speaker 2, Rick, say his online community is “a very 21st-century community? Because its a community of bloggers and no one knows one another personally. Listening to the world3 Listen and answer the questions.ListeningWHILE you listen4 What does he say about “the best blogs? They have “a following, who are loyal readers. 5 What two things does Speaker 3, Abbie, do on her favorite website? She puts up pictures of her and her family and she writes messages. 6 How often does she use it? At least once every day. Listening to the world4 Decide whether the statements below are facts or opinions. ListeningWHILE you listen 1 And we show our paintings, and its brought some business for us. 2 Its a very creative kind of community. 3 Its a very 21st-century community, which means no one knows one another personally. 4 But the best blogs have a following, who are very loyal readers. 5 I put up pictures of me and my family and I write messages. 6 And then you see pictures of your friends friends, and it grows and grows so you meet new people. FOFOOF Listening to the world5 Discuss the questions. ListeningAfter you listen1 What do you think are the similarities and differences between an online community and a real community? I think there are similarities as well as differences between an online community and a real community. On the one hand, an online community is just similar to a real community in sharing and discussing. On the other hand, there are also many clear differences. For Example, Listening to the world5 Discuss the questions. ListeningAfter you listen2 What are the benefits of online communities? Online communities provide another chance for people to communicate with each other. They do things without going out, and this saves time, money, energy and natural resources. Furthermore, through online communities, people can sometimes do what they cant do in real communities. For example, a guy who may be shy and quiet in the eyes of his friends and families may become open and talkative in online communities. Listening to the world5 Discuss the questions. ListeningAfter you listen3 What are the possible dangers or problems if people spend a lot of time in online communities? If people spend a lot of time in online communities, they will be greatly affected physically, mentally and emotionally. They may become inactive, slow in memorizing things, as well as addicted to the Internet and confuse the online communities with the real ones, thus having difficulties in communicating with other people around them. Sharing Listening ViewingListening to the world Listening to the world1 Look at the pictures and discuss the questions. Viewing1 What do you think life is like for people on an island like this?Men go out fishing and women take care of children and old people. BEFORE you view Listening to the world1 Look at the pictures and discuss the questions. ViewingBEFORE you view2 Do you think their lives are changing in todays modern world? I think so. Everywhere in the world is changing in the process of so-called “globalization. I dont think so. Although the world is becoming a “global village, there are still some remote rural areas on the earth where people keep their own pace and their own old traditions, staying away from the so- called “civilization. Listening to the world2 What does Bruce Parry learn from visiting the tribe? ViewingHe learns about the tribes traditions and how they survive. Additional NotesTribe Also known as Going Tribal in the US, its a documentary television series in which, Bruce Parry experiences first-hand the day-to-day lives of tribal peoples and explores various native cultures around the world.BEFORE you view Listening to the worldViewing Additional NotesBruce Parrya former British Royal Marineinstructor and an award-winning documentarian. In2 0 0 4 , Parry started filming the documentary series Tribe, in which he visits various tribes around the world and lives by their customs for one month in order to better understand their culture.BEFORE you view Listening to the worldViewing Additional NotesAnutaa small and extremely isolated Polynesian community in the eastern Solomon Islands. Due to its remote geographical location, Anutas environment, traditions and culture have been well preserved.BEFORE you view Listening to the world3 Then watch the video clip and number the scenes in the correct order of time.ViewingWHILE you view1- e Bruce arrives on the island.2- a Bruce meets the children.3- f Bruce shakes hands with each person.4- b Bruce meets the community leaders.5- d Bruce helps to rebuild a wall in the water. 6- c Bruce catches a fish. Listening to the world4 Then watch the video clip again and choose the best answer to each question.ViewingWHILE you view1-A To experience it personally.2-A Shake everyones hand.3-B He can stay at Anuta.4-C Everyone in the community helps to catch fish. Listening to the worldViewing5 Discuss the questions. AFTER you view1 Would you like to visit this please? Why or why not?I like traveling a lot, and I prefer going to places like Anuta. Though underdeveloped and isolated, it has not been damaged by industrialization and civilization.I dont want to visit such underdeveloped and uncivilized places. People there may be rude and impolite. And the food may also be raw and not attractive. Moreover, there are no modern facilities. Listening to the worldViewing5 Discuss the questions. AFTER you view2 What can the modern world learn from places like Anuta?Anutan society emphasizes the value of collaboration. Places like Anuta show us how human beings should coexist with nature and protect their environment, traditions and customs. These are what the modern world can learn from places like Anuta. Listening to the worldViewing5 Discuss the questions. AFTER you view3 What will happen to the local community of Anuta if more and more tourists visit there? I think a lot of changes will occur if more and more tourists flock there. On the one hand, the tour industry would bring local people higher income and more opportunities foremployment. On the other hand, it will cause increasing damage to their environment and bring about changes in the values and lifestyles of local community. Listening to the worldViewingAFTER you viewAdditional NotesSolomon Islandsa group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It was inhabited primarily by Melanesian peoples since at least 2 0 0 0 B.C. Today the northern Solomon Islands are part of Papua New Guinea. The southern islands are an independent country. 1 3 2 4 Speaking for communicationRole-play1 Listen and number the pictures in the correct order of time. Speaking for communicationRole-play2 Listen again and choose the true statements.1 The woman took some medicine before going out.3 The woman had a dream about her mother. 5 The woman had taken the out-of-date pills.3 Listen again and choose the ones you hear.1 Anyway, 2 And then 4 Before long, 6 All of a sudden, 8 The next thing I knew, 9 Oh! you are kidding! 11 Oh! How embarrassing! Speaking for communicationRole-play Additional Notesswell up: to become larger than normal, used especially about parts of the body 肿，肿胀（尤指身体部位） His face swelled up with toothache. 他的脸因牙痛而肿了起来。 My ankles tend to swell up when I travel by air. 我坐飞机旅行时脚踝常会肿起来。 Speaking for communicationRole-play4 Role-play the situations.Reference answersSituation: Missed a flightA: This trip to Beijing was really a tragedy. Everything was in a mess. B: So what happened? Tell me. A: I booked a flight and reserved a hotel in Beijing. In the beginning, things seemed to go well. B: And then? A: You know, the flight was at 7:00 in the morning. So, I got up very early that day. After I took a taxi and told the driver to go to the airport, I took a nap in the back seat of the taxi. The next thing I knew, I was in the wrong airport.B: Really? You must be kidding! Speaking for communicationRole-play4 Role-play the situations.A: I thought I had told the driver very clearly. He just took it for granted that I would have my flight in Pudong Airport. The driver apologized to me, and promised to send me to Hongqiao Airport as quickly as he could. However, the worst moment came when the taxi broke down halfway to the airport. B: Ah! No way! A: It took me about 15 minutes to find another taxi. But nothing would help, and finally I just missed my flight. B: Oh dear. What a shame! Additional NotesTelling a story some tips to use in telling an impressive story：Start with a catchy beginning to draw listeners in. It is advisable for the storyteller to begin with tension and immediacy. Use hand gestures to emphasize the story. To make the storytelling more exciting and attractive, hand gestures should be incorporated when the story calls for it. Use facial expressions. Pay attention to the mood of the story as well. Let the mood flow into your expressions. Speaking for communicationRole-playSpeaking skills Speaking for communicationRole-playSpeaking skills Additional NotesAllow your voice to be expressive. Give the characters different voices. Your tone should be adjusted according to the mood. If your audience is young children, speak slowly and lovely. Use humor. If you can use humorous language in your story to make the listeners laugh, you are more likely to keep their interest. Involve the audience. Asking rhetorical questions is a perfect way to do so. For example, “Youd want a place to rest if you had been walking all day, right? So did the little girl.” Speaking for communicationGroup discussion1 Listen and choose the true statement.2 Sharon would like to choose one expert from every field.4 Sharon would like to draw up some ground rules.Get ideas2 Listen again and choose the ones you hear.1 Id probably choose 4 Theyd need to be able to 6 Ideally, thered be Speaking for communicationGroup discussion3 Read the following paragraph from a news report. What is going to happen? Why? The people in the Maldives will have to move to a new place to live in, because the place they are living now will be under water in the future due to global warming. Discuss and organize ideas Speaking for communicationGroup discussion4 If you were the President of the Maldives, what would you do if you had to start a new community? Use the questions below as guidelines and you may refer to the expressions in Exercise 2. Discuss and organize ideasWhere would it be ? Why?Who would live there? Would it be a large or small community?What laws would there be?What special customs would there be? How would these customs bind the community together? Speaking for communicationGroup discussion5 Present your plan. Before that, refer to the checklist below to see if you are ready. Present ideas Checklist p Provide convincing reasons for my plan.p Speak logically about my way of planning a new community.p Make use of appropriate expressions.p Use appropriate tenses when talking about my plan. Public SpeakingSpeaking for communicationAdditional TipsLanguage use in public speaking In public speaking, it is important that you communicate your ideas to the audience in an easy-to-follow and interesting way. To do so, you should use:lclear, specific and simple language Clarity, specificity and simplicity of your speech mainly concern the choice of words and sentence structures. Simpler words and shorter sentences enables the audience to follow the speaker with little difficulty. lvivid language Vividness of your speech can be achieved through the use of rhetorical devices, or figures of speech. By using some rhetorical techniques, speakers can attract and keep the listeners attention, and their speech will be more forceful, more vivid, and more pleasant to listen to. Public SpeakingSpeaking for communication2 Read and decide which one in each pair is more effective when used in a speech. 1 B: Compared with Sentence A, Sentence B is more specific since it states the name of the position that the speaker is running for. 2 A: Sentence A is more vivid than Sentence B because of the use of parallelism. It contains three similar structures, all starting with a question word (i.e. “why, “what, and “how). This makes the sentence more powerful and persuasive. Public SpeakingSpeaking for communication2 Read and decide which one in each pair is more effective when used in a speech. 3. B: The language in Sentence B is simpler and more concrete (e.g. “set up, “sports and reading programs, and “elementary school pupils). 4. A: Sentence A has shorter and simpler sentence structures than Sentence B, and hence it expresses the speakers meaning more clearly. Public SpeakingSpeaking for communication3 Discuss what rhetorical devices are used in the following sentences. 1. Repetition. The speaker uses “you want to make sure . twice. 2. Parallelism. In this sentence, the three noun phrases after “become are parallel, with a structure of “article + adjective + noun + prepositional phrase. 3 Metaphor. Metaphor is used in the beginning part of the se
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