中国地方性(社区)银行的发展情况课件

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/7/2009,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Chinas Community Banks中国地方性(社区)银行的发展情况,By Dr.Tao Zhang,Peoples Bank of China,May 2005,Shanghai,China,2005年5月25日,上海,Outline,Background:Chinas banking system,Chinas community banks,Issues for discussion,The Banking System:,A large range of banks,4 SOBs,3 Policy banks,12 JEBs,112 City Commercial Banks,709 City credit unions,4 Rural commercial banks,4 Rural cooperative banks,33,586 rural credit unions,119 foreign-owned banking institutions(branches,res.rep.offices),Size of the banking sector,Banking sector:dominant in the financial industry,By March 2005，total banking assets Y32.trillion RMB(vs.GDP:Y10.4 trillion RMB),Thats 95%of the total asset of the entire financial institutions,Bank lending dominates,(by end 2004）,Market shares:distribution of banks,全国商业银行市场份额比较表,What is a community bank,Definition 1:providing banking services to local residents and firms,and in doing so,specializing in providing banking services to local communities;,Definition 2:chartered or licensed to provide commercial banking or saving services in a specified locality,Some characters of community banks社区银行的基本特征,Limited size of assets(USA：less than US$1 billion）,At least half of deposits come from local community至少一半的存款来自于同一个县内的各个分支机构,Client base:local community,SMEs,Community Banks in China中国的中小金融机构,Chinas community banks:in distinguish from national and regional banks,There are city and rural community banks,There is not yet a single community bank thats is privately owned,Types of Community Banks in China中国小金融机构的类型,City commercial banks城市商业银行,City credit unions城市信用社,Rural credit unions农村信用社,Rural cooperative banks农村合作银行,Rural commercial banks农村商业银行,Some Joint-Equity Banks(JVBs),Why Community Banks,Help ease the situation:SME and rural financing社区银行可以有效地改善中小企业和农村贷款难的状况。,Not to compete with“big brothers”社区银行服务于小企业和社区居民，和大银行不会形成激烈冲突。,Local knowledge advantage社区银行通常十分熟悉本地市场，信息不对称程度相对大银行而言较小。,Winning more support from local government and local residents社区银行则主要将一个地区吸收的存款继续投入到该地区，从而推动当地经济的发展，因此将比大银行更能获得当地政府和居民的支持。,But there are debates,Size does not matter most,Corporate governance that is market-based,Greater number of small banks help improve the composition of market players,But more important is to fix the“bad”institutions,City Credit Union:Facts and Figures城市信用社,City Credit Union:Facts城市信用社的改革和发展历程,First CCU started in 1979,Became more popular in 1986,Consolidation in 1989,Recovered after 1992,Some restructured to city cooperative Banks in 1995，renamed to City Commercial Banks after 1998,Close-down of some of the CCUs in 1999,Another round of consolidation in 2000,City Credit Unions:Figures(end June 2004),709 institutions nation-wide全国共有城市信用社法人机构709家。,412 in business处于运营状态的城市信用社412家。,Total asset:151.769 billion Yuan账面资产总额1517.69亿元。,Pre-tax profit:173 million Yuan in H12004,City Commercial Bank城市商业银行,1995,some city credit unions was restructured into city cooperative banks,to provide commercial banking services to SMEs,Completion of city cooperative banks to city commercial banks in 1998,112 city commercial banks,Total asset:1667.15 billion yuan(by end March 2005),Thats 5.1%of total asset of financial institutions in China,NPL ratio:11.5%,City Commercial Banks:Figures,(end 2004),图表1-2 全国城市商业银行资产负债及损益简表,单位：亿元/%,100 million yuan,No.of institutions,112,Employees,109211,Total asset,16938.07,loans,9045.31,NPL,1060.97,NPL ratio,11.73%,City Commercial Banks:Main Issues,主要问题,Lack of managerial skills资本管理水平较低，,Capital inadequacy资本充足率不足的问题日益突出，,Low quality of asset总体资产状况较差，,Difficult NPL dissolution不良资产处置难度加大，资产损失率较高,Regional imbalance发展极不平衡，呈现明显的地区性差异；少数高风险行经营困难，风险状况十分严重。,Rural Credit Unions:Facts and figures农村信用社,农村信用社的经营状况,农村信用社改革:a focus,Rurul credit union:figures,(end 2004),Total deposits:2784.097 b yuan,Total lending:1955.125 b yuan,NPL ratio:23.1%,fell by 6.27%within the year,Lending to agricultural sector:849.029 b yuan,up by 22.5%,Lending to farmers:679.956 b Yuan,up by 21.86%,26,245 RCUs made profit in 2004,accounting for 81%of the nation-wide RCUs,RCUs as a whole in operational surplus of 10.462 b Yuan,first time ever,Rural credit unions:facts,Associated with and managed China Agriculture Bank 1978-1996by 1978年，农村信用社交由中国农业银行管理。,Independent from CABC in 1996,supervised by PBOC,Piloting reforms of RCUs in July 2007:Jiangsu province,etc:6 provincial-level RCUs and 65 perfecture-level RCUs,2003-2004:RCUs reform expanded to all provinces,RCUs:Reform Measures,Purpose:commercialization,Principle:ownership;incentive;Central-local responsibility,Two key issues,Ownership:local governments,Corporate governance,More RCU Reforms,Rural Cooperative Bank/Rural Commercial bank,Figures经营状况,Main issues存在问题,RCBs/RComB:Figures,By end 03/05,19 RCBs and 8 RComBs in operation,23 RCBs and 1 RComBs issued with licence but yet in operation,NPL ratio:6.1%,RCBs and RComB all meet minimum C