优化句子的四种常用方法

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,写作基础,优化句子的四种常用方法,篇章结构连贯的常用词语,整合信息的十种语言手段,优化句子的四种常用方法,一、同位语手段,二、运用并列句,三、运用短语,四、运用从句,此方法多用于介绍人物、事物或地点等。,例1,介绍事物,(2008广东),背景：,射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。,Shooting,a means of survival originally,developed into a sport only in the late 19th century.,同位语手段,例2,介绍人物,(2009广东),时间:,上周末,对象:,眼科医生(eye-doctor)王教授,主题:,我国中小学生近视(eye-sightedness)问题,Last weekend,I had an interview with,Professor Wang,an eye-doctor,concerning the issue of short-sightedness of the school children in China.,例3,介绍地点,姓名,：李华,身份,：育才中学学生,职位,：学生会主席,校址,：你们大学附近,Im,Li Hua,Chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School,which is close to your university.,1.(翻译)李敏是个女孩子,今年18岁,她在光华中学学习,她是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。,运用,1.Li Ming,a girl of 18,my neighbour and my best friend,is studying in Guanghua Middle school.,2.(整合)Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province.It is located in the middle of Guangdong Province.It is the culture and economy center of Guangdong Province.,2.Guangzhou,the capital and the culture and economic center of Guangdong Province,is located in the middle of Guangdong.,3.(整合)Zhang Hai is male.He is 23 years old.He graduated from Hunan Normal University last year.,3.Zhang Hai,male,23 years old,graduated from Hunan Normal University last year.,常用的并列连词有and,but,or,otherwise,nor,so,yet,however,for,as well as,bothand,not onlybut also,eitheror,neithernor,(and)then,since等。,运用并列句,例4他不喜欢音乐，也不喜欢运动。,一般,He doesnt like music.He doesnt like sports,either.,高级,He likes neither music nor sports.,例5我不喜欢他，他很自私。,一般,I dont like him.He is selfish.,高级,I dont like him,for he is selfish.,4.He works hard himself.He encourages us to work hard,too.,运用,用连接词整合下列句子。,4.He not only works hard himself but also encourages us to work hard.,5.These glasses are very expensive.Please be careful with them.,5.Please be careful with the glasses,for they are very expensive.,6.Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols.48%of the boys favor sports stars.,6.Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols while 48%of the boys favor sports stars.,7.According to the professor,the cause of short-sightedness is very complicated.No medicine can cure it.,7.According to the professor,the cause of short-sightedness is very complicated,so no medicine can cure it.,8.I am good at expressing myself.I have the language advantage over others.,8.Not only am I good at expressing myself but I also have the language advantage over others.,例6我很惊讶，一切进展得那么顺利。,一般,I was surprised.Everything went on very well.,高级,To my surprise,everything went on well.,运用短语,根据具体情况我们可以用现在分词、过去分词，介词短语、不定式短语等。,例7她回到舞厅。她寻找丢失的项链。,一般,She went back.She wanted to find her lost necklace.,高级,She went back to find her lost necklace.,例8故事是用简单的英语写的，很受英语初学者的欢迎。,一般,The stories are written in simple English.They are popular with English beginners,高级,Written in simple English,the stories are popular with English beginners.,9.He was ill.He didnt go to school.,运用,用短语整合句子。,9.Being ill,he didnt go to school.,10.The man is singing a song.He is my brother.,10.The man singing a song is my brother.,11.Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest.It will be held on June 5.,11.Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held on June 5.,12.After she listened to me for a while,she gave me a big smile and said she liked my voice very much.,12.After listening to me for a while,she gave me a big smile,saying she liked my voice very much.,例9废水被直接排放河里,河水被严重污染。,一般,Waste water is directly let into the river.The river is seriously polluted.,高级,The river is seriously polluted because waste water is directly let into the river.,运用从句,最常用的是状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句和定语从句.,例10他病得很重，这让我着急。,一般,He was seriously ill.It made me worried.,高级,That he was seriously ill made me worried.,He was seriously ill,which made me worried.,运用,用从句整合下列句子。,13.He never lost a game.I was really astonished.,13.I was really astonished that he never lost a game.,14.Li Hua is my classmate.His English is very good.,14.Li Hua is my classmate,whose English is very good.,15.As for myself,Thomas Edison is my idol.His inventions have greatly changed our life.,15.As for myself,Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life.或As for myself,Thomas Edison,whose inventions have greatly changed our life,is my idol.,16.Currently China has about 350 million smokers.Among these smokers 75%are men and 25%are women.,16.Currently China has about 350 million smokers,among whom 75%are men and 25%are women.,17.We are now living in an information age.TV,cells and the Web are widely used in this age.,17.We are now living in an information age in which TV,cells and the Web are widely used.,需要注意的是，我们在写作时，不要一味地追求复杂句型，能简则简，能用短语，就不用从句。在句式多样的前提下，尽量做到精练。,温馨提示,:,例11我到家后马上给他打电话。,一般,After I got home,I called him at once.,较好,After getting home,I called him at once.,例12我正在餐桌旁吃饭，一个人朝我走了过来，那个人戴着一顶黑帽子。,复杂,I was eating at the table when a man who was wearing a black hat came up to me.,简明,When I was eati