英语翻译词义的选择

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,词义的选择,申请书,Letter of application,报告书,Report,说明书,Direction,协议书,Agreement,成绩书,Grade report,好父母,A loving parent,好儿女,An obedient child,好妻子,a virtuous wife,好丈夫,A dutiful husband,好学生,A hardworking student,语境决定词义，积累英语词汇的惯用（idiomatic expression)法,不顾语境具体语境而导致的望文生义(translate without real understanding现象是翻译失败的重要原因。,了解词语的意思后，难点在于用地道的惯用的英语的相应词汇表达意思。,所谓英语惯用法，就是以英语为母语的人们所习惯使用的表达法。为了掌握地道的英语，对惯用法的积累是漫长而必要的过程。,富起来,To become better off,超生的黑市孩子,Off-the-book babies,他废寝忘食地工作,He eats, drinks, and sleeps his work,精神文明,Ethical and cultural progress,有关系的人,A well-connected man;backdoor deals,避免重复,在英语表达中，无谓的重复会引起读者的反感，削弱文章的表现力，译者应拓宽自己的词汇量，在表达时进行艺术的创造。,要用新的眼光判断什么是好的学校，什么是好的课程，什么是好的教育效果，什么是好的老师，什么是好的学生等问题。,A new standard of evaluation is needed to tell what is,good school, what is,well-designed curriculum,effective educational result, what is,qulified teacher,and,excellent student.,词义的增添和删剪,解决沿海内地差距问题,Brige the gap between coastal and inland areas.,加大支持力度,Increase its support,失业现象,unemployment,删减表示范畴的词语,汉语中有些名词如问题，制度，工作，事业，情况，状况，局面等，当他们表示范畴，而失去具体意义的时候，通常可以省略不译。,如自然现象，有具体意义，而失业现象，没有具体意义。,讨论的范围涉及中美关系。,要加快建设城市贫困居民最低生活保障制度。,中国的现代化建设,The discussion covers Sino-U.S relationship.,We should accelerate the establishment of a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban residents.,Chinas modernization,删减修辞,贪官污吏,Corrupt officials,街谈巷议,Street gossip,铺张浪费,Being extravagant,牵线搭桥,Pull some strings,汉译英的词类转换,在汉语的句式中，动词的运用频率大大超过英语，汉译英的词类转换主要是如何将汉语中的动词转换成其他词类，以符合英文的习惯表达法。,语言这个东西，不是随便可以学好的。,有人给他撑腰。,上下班他一般坐地铁。,学生们配合得好。,The mastery of language is not easy.,He has someone behind him.,He usually rides subways to and from work.,The students are very cooperative.,“新北京，新奥运”表达了我们在新的世纪里，由一个既有古老文明传统又有现代化魅力的城市来举办一届伟大的奥运会的愿望。我们申办的三个主题为绿色奥运，科技奥运和人文奥运。届时，我们将与国际奥委会，各奥委会，国际单项体育组织以及各大赞助商，电视媒体等建立开放，高小的工作关系。“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！”我们期待着2008年在北京张开双臂，迎接八方来宾。,New Beijing, Great Olympics reflects our desire to host a great Olympic Games in a city with both ancient culture and modern charm. The three themes of our bid are:Green Olympics, Hi-tech Olymics and the Peoples Olympics. We will work with the International Olympic Committee, National Olympic Committees, International Federations, sponsors and the media to establish an open and effective working relationship. “isnt it a great pleasure to have friends coming from afar!” we are looking forward to receiving all guests from all over the world with open arms in Beijng in 2008.,4*100接力 four by one hundred meters relay,残奥会 paralympics,拉拉队 cheer team,球门/点/定位/任意球 goal/penalty/place/ free kick,药检 doping test,灌篮 dunko,投篮 shot,发展体育运动，增强人民体质,Promote physical culture so as to build up peoples health,体育强国 a world sports power,体育大国 a major sports country,有特色、高水平的奥运会 unique, well-run Olympic Games,