现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,现在完成进行时的主要用法,一,.,表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在已经结束。,eg,：,1.,Someone has just turned off the light.,有人刚把灯关了。,2.,I have already finished my homework.,我已经完成了家作。,二,.,表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。,eg,：,1.,I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.,我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。,2.,I have learnt English for more than ten years.,我已经学了,10,多年的英语。,三,.,表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历,.,eg,：,1.,Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?,你曾去过颐和园吗,?,2.,I have never had a car.,我从未有过汽车。,四,.,现在完成时还常与句型,This is the first time,，,Its the first time,连用。,eg,：,1.,This is the first time he has driven a car.,这是他第一次开车。,五,.,现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最,的。,What a boring film,！,Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.,现在完成时除了上述主要用法之外，还有一些其它用法，在此不一一讲解，请学生自已学习、掌握。,一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！,这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,一,.,现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）,;,而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系,。,eg,：,1.,He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他已经,买了一本英汉字典。,eg,：,2.,He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,他曾,买过一本英汉字典。,第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“,He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“,过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典”。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。,二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时,:,eg,：,1.,I saw the film on television yesterday.,但,since(,自,以来,)+,某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg,：,1.,They have known each other since 1950.,2.,Since he was a child,he has lived in England.,三常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语,yesterday(,昨天,),the other day(,前两天,),just now(,刚才,),，,时间,+ago,last+,时间,;etc;,eg:,1.,The plane took off ten minutes ago,飞机十分钟前起飞了。,eg:,2.,We finished our task last week.,我们上周完成了我们的任务。,四常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段时间的词短语或从句,:,so far(,到现在为止,),，,up to(till,until)now,直到现在，,lately,（最近）,yet,since+,过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。,eg,：,1.,The weather has been hot so far this summer,到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。,2.,I havent seen her yet.,我还未见到过她。,五可与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用,的时间状语：,for+,时间，,this+,时间,表示不确定时间：,ever,never,before,just,recently,already,eg:,1.,I have learnt English for three years.,我学英语（到现在）三年了（仍在学）。,2.,I learnt English for three years.,我学了三年英语（现在不学了）。,3.,I have written two letters this morning,今天上午我写了两封信，,(,说话时仍是上午,),。,4.,I wrote two letters this morning.,今天上午我写了两封信，（下午或晚上说的）。,注：表示不确定时间的状语，在句中无其它特定的过去时间状语时，或无表示过去动作的从句时常与现在完成时连用。,eg:,1.,I have not written to my parents recently.,我最近一直未给父母写信,。,2.,I have met him many times before.,我以前见过他多次。,表示一个持续了一段时间，刚刚结束或仍在继续进行的动作。与现在完成时有所有同的是现在完成进行时强调动作本身或动作的持续性、持久性,。,eg,：,1.,Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been?,我们一直在到处找你，你上哪儿去了？,2.,What have you been doing?,你一直在做什么？,3.,Ive been writing a laboratory report.,我一直在写实验报告。,PART B:EXERCISES,一,.Find the choice:,1.When I was at school,I_to,the library every day.,A.go B.was going C.have goneD.went,2.The new books_yet.,A.havent arrived B.hast arrived,C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive,3._you ever_to shanghai.,A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived,C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen,4.He_his lunch.,A.had B.have had,C.has had D.ate,5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes.,A.saved B.have saved,C.has saved D.were saving,6.I was so happy to see John again,last Sunday,We _each other,for more than two years.,A.havent seen B.hadnt seen,C.didnt see D.hasnt seen,7.We _three lessons this month.,A.have learned B.learned,C.has learned D.were having,8.I_to Paris several times.,A.went B.have gone,C.have been D.was going,9.Alice _ in china for ten years.,A.has lived B.have lived,C.lived D.has live,10.My uncle _in this city since,1980.A.lives B.have lived,C.has lived D.lived,11.By now old Wang _in that,factory for twenty years.,A.have worked B.worked,C.works D.has worked,12.Christianity(,基督教,)has become a worldwide religion(,宗教,)since it,_almost two years ago.A.begin B.begins C.began D.has begin,13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet.A.writes B.have written,C.wrote D.has written,14.When we lived in phoenix we _,at Arizona State university.,A.studied B.have studied,C.study D.were studying,15.I wrote to my parents three month,ago but I_to my parents lately.,A.havent written B.dont write,C.didnt write D.will not write,16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month.,A.went B.have gone,C.has gone D.will go,17.She _an actress for some time.A.was B.being,C.is D.has been,18.Professor Chen _our exams yet.A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked,C.will not mark D.havent marked,19.He left last year and_away ever since.A.is B.have been C.was D.has been,20.I_my task the other day.,A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish,二,.choose the one that is wrong:,1.I,lived,in,this,city,since,I was a child.,2.I,lost,my pen,I,have,to write,with,a,pencil.,3.Hangzhou is,the,most,beautiful,city,I,saw.,4.She,has read,the,book,last week.,C,5.My,classmates,and I,have visited,the,memorial hall,o,f chairman Mao,yesterday.,6.My grandmother,has lived,with,us,since my grandfather,has died,six,years,ago,.,7.After breakfast she,takes,a walk to,buy,the morning paper she,does,this,every morning for ten years.,8.It,was very