定语从句删减版

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 4 Earthquakes,定语从句,先来看几个相关术语,1.定语,2.定语从句,3.先行词,4.关系词,1.,定语：,定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。,a,clever,boy,The,boiling,water,Fallen,leaves,The man,who you are looking for,2.,定语从句,：修饰某一名词或代词的从句。,Do you know,the man,who came to see Xiao Yang this morning?,What is the function of the underlined part?,Tom is a handsome,boy,.,The little,boy,needs a blue,pen,.,The,boy,in the classroom needs a pen.,The,pen,bought by her is made in China.,The,man,standing there is my teacher.,The,boy,who is reading needs the,pen,which you bought yesterday.,单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。,短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。,定语从句：一个句子充当定语,God helps those,who,help themselves.,He,who,laughs last laughs best.,Nothing in the world is difficult for one,who,sets his mind to it.,自助者天助。,谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。,世上无难事，只怕有心人。,Guess the meaning of the following proverbs,定语从句位置：,一定放在被修饰成分之后。,This is a basket,that I want to put flowers in,.,She is the girl,who can speak English well,.,定语从句的关系代词,1.who:指,人,，在定语从句中作,主语,。,This is the doctor.,He saved my life.,This is the doctor who saved my life.,The girl is in our class.,She likes Jay,.,The girl who likes Jay is in our class.,whom:指,人,，在定语从句中作,宾语,，可 省略。,Do you know the man,whom,we saw yesterday?,你认识我们昨天看到的那个男人吗？,你刚才看到的那个人是我的老板。,The man,whom,you saw just now is my boss.,2.which:指,物,，在定语从句中作,主语,或,宾语,，作宾语时可省略。,China is a country.,It has a long history.,This is the book.,You need it for the exam.,China is a country which has a long history.,中国是一个历史悠久的国家。（主语）,This is the book(which)you need for the exam.,这正是你考试所需要的书。（宾语）,3.that:可指,人,、,物,，在定语从句中作,主语,或,宾语,，作宾语时可省略。,The man is Zhang Yimou.,He makes some good films.,The man that makes some good films is Zhang Yimou.,The noodles were delicious.,I cooked the noodles.,The noodles that I cooked were delicious.,关系代词,指代,在定语从句中充当的成分,人,物,主语,宾语,定语,who,whom,which,that,whose,回顾,一、that和which用法的区别,先行词为,all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much,等不定代词时。,I am sure she has,something,_,you can borrow.,(2)先行词被,all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few,等修饰时,1、只能用that不用which的情况,(that),Do you have,anything,_ you dont understand?,(that),Please send us,any,information _ you have about the subject.,that,(3)先行词被,序数词,或,最高级,修饰时。,This is,the first,book _ he has read.,(that),It is,the most beautiful,city _ Ive ever seen.,that,(4)先行词被,the only,the very,the same,the last,修饰时。,This is,the very,book,_,belongs to him.,that,He is,the only,person _ was present at the time.,that,(,6)先行词是,who或which引导的主句。,Who,is the girl _,drove the car?,(5)先行词,既有人又有物,时。,The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.,that,that,(7)当,关系代词在从句中作表语时：,Mary is no longer the girl,(that)she used to be.,China is no longer the country,that it used to be.,(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟,介词作宾语（介词提前）。,There are many trees,_ they can have a rest.,This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.,2、只用which不用that的情况,(2),在非限制性定语从句中。,Football,_ is a very popular game,is played all over the world.,under which,on which,which,1.,Her bag,in which she put all her money,has been stolen.,2.,This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.,2、在介词后面，指事物用,which,，指人用,whom,.,且关系代词不能省略。,二、只用who的情况,One,_ has nothing to fear dares to,tell the truth.,The,ones,_ laugh at the disabled are,not good students.,Anyone,_ fails to finish the task,should be punished.,Those,_ want to go to The Great Wall,sigh up here,.,who,who,who,who,先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用who.,whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which，或=of which+the+名词。如：,The novel,whose title,(=the title of which或of which the title),is,Red and Black,is very interesting.,whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。,whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of whom，或=of whom+the+名词。如：,The boy,whose mother,(=the mother of whom或of whom the mother),is a doctor,is my friend.,the usage of the,relative adverb,关系副词,指代,所充当的句子成分,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,I still remember,the day,when(=on which),I first came to Nanjing,.,My father was born in,the year,when(=in which),World War broke out,.,1.when,用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,This is,the farm,where(=on which),we worked when we were young,.,The school,where(=in which),his mother teaches,is in the west of the city.,2.where,用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：,There are several,reasons,why(=for which),the boys should be punished,.,Tom couldnt give the teacher,the reason,why(=for which),he was late for school,.,3.why,4.关系副词的用法注意点,(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that 或省略。如：,This is,the first time,(that),the president has visited the country.,(2)当point,situation,case,等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：,Can you think of,a situation,where,this phrase can be used?,Let me think of a proper situation,_ this sentence can be used.,A、where,B、that,C、of whom,D、which,A,先行词是,situation,case,scene,，一般用,where,14.This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.,A.as B.that,C.the one D.A&B,D,比