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若有所,“,指,”“,代,”,替万千,高三阅读技能指导之,In many ways my disability has made me grow stronger and more independent.I have had to work hard to live a normal life,but it has been worth it.If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids,it would be this:Just having a disability doesnt mean your life is not satisfying.So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of,them,and dont ignore,them,either.Just accept,them,for who,they,are and give,them,encouragement to li,ve,as rich and full a life as you do.,Substitute word,替代词,Reference,指代,指代,(reference),是作者为了避免 ，让行文简练，在文中使用一些,(substitute words),来表示上文中已经提到过或下文即将提到的人物或事物（,词,或,短语,，甚至,句子,),。,重复,替代词,What is reference?,2017,全国,I,卷,C,篇,29.What does the underlined word“,that,”in Paragraph 3,refer to,?,2017,全国,I,卷,D,篇,33.What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher”in Paragraph 2,refer to,?,Pay special attention to,reference,in reading comprehension.,Some basic information about reference,?,In many ways my disability has made me grow stronger and more independent.I have had to work hard to live a normal life,but it has been worth it.If I had the chance to say,one thing,to healthy kids,it would be this:,Just having a disability doesnt mean your life is not satisfying,.So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them,and dont ignore them,either.Just accept them for who they are and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,我发现：,指代词以,居多。（人称代词，指示代词 等）,Tip:,阅读中遇到代词要留心，,需标注,，有意识推敲其指代,(1),关于指代的,“,二三事,”,代词,Led by Professor Phil Blythe,the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers,which,they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.,2017,全国,III,卷,D,篇,What does“which”refer to?,The passage is mainly about,.,我发现：指代词,还包括定语从句的,，常常需要搞清指代，可帮助我们判断文章的,关键词。,(2),关于指代的,“,二三事,”,、,关系词,Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(,装置,)on your desk.And theyve never actually met you.Everything they know about you came through this device,sometimes from hundreds of miles away.Yet they feel they can know you just from the sound of your voice.Thats how powerful the telephone is.,.,Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport,I figured it all out.Ranis friendliness-her warm smile,her nods,her“Im here for you”attitudewere all silent signals that didnt travel through,wires,.,Q,：,What does,“,wires,”,refer to?,the telephone,the telephone,我发现：,除了代词指代，还可以用,来进行指代，可以让文章表达,。,Tip:,需要养成联系,上下文,，,翻译,推敲的习惯。,词汇,(3),关于指代的,“,二三事,”,丰富多样,1,In many ways my disability has made me grow stronger and more independent.I have had to work hard to live a normal life,but,it,has been worth,it,.If I had the chance to say one thing to healthy kids,it,would be,this:,Just having a disability doesnt mean your life is not satisfying,.So dont feel sorry for,the disabled,or make fun of,them,and dont ignore them,either.Just accept them for who they are and give them,encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,我发现：,指示代词既可以,指，也可,指；,指代信息既可在,句，也可在,句。,Tip:,在阅读中养成从,同句,到,上下句,寻找替代信息，同时,翻译理解,的习惯。,(4),关于指代的,“,二三事,”,前,后,同一,上下,1,练一练,，说一说,2017,全国,I,卷,D,篇,A build-it-yourself solar still,（,蒸馏器,）,is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the U.S.Department of Agriculture,it,s an excellent water collector.Unfortunately,you must carry the necessary equipment with you,since it,s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only components required,though,are a 5,5,sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,six feet of plastic tube,and a container,perhaps just a drinking cup,to catch the water.These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.,To construct a working still,use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase,the water catcher,s productivity.Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up,and out of the side of the hole.,33.What does the underlined phrase,“,the water catcher,”,in Paragraph 2 refer to?,A.The tube.B.The still C.The hole.D.The cup.,1,练一练，说一说,2017,全国,I,卷,C,篇,Despite the celebrations,though,in the U.S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older,and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.,It,s Jason Moran,s job to help change,that,.As the Kennedy Center,s artistic adviser for jazz,Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz,make the music more accessible,and preserve its history and culture.,29.What does the underlined word,“,that,”,in Paragraph 3 refer to?,Jazz becoming more accessible.,The production of jazz growing faster.,Jazz being less popular with the young.,The jazz audience becoming larger.,那些把我们搞晕的,“,指代们,”,Why are some reference difficult to understand,?,They could consume,?,in the shortest period,characters,1,However,after watching the current generation of teens stuck in the troubled w
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