名词性从句之宾语从句及表语从句公开课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Noun Clauses,名词性从句,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由,一个句子,来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句,?,名词性从句,主语从句,( The Subject Clause),宾语从句,( The Object Clause),表语从句,( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句,( The Appositive Clause),Object Clauses,宾语从句,I know him .,2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,做宾语的句子叫做宾语从句,，跟在,及物动词,或,介词,以及,形容人的感觉的形容词,后,句子结构：,主句,+,连词（引导词）,+,宾语从句。,语序：陈述语序,The object clauses found in the text,Oliver believes,that,with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London,.,I wonder, Mr. Adams,if,you would mind us asking a few questions,.,May we ask,what,you are doing in this country,and,what,your plans are,?,Well, I cant say,that,I have any plans,.,His eyes stare at,what,is left of the brothers dinner on the table,.,I didnt know,whether,I could survive until morning,.,I am afraid (,that,),I dont quite follow you, sir.,8.,Tell us,Mr. Adams,what,sort of work did you do in American,?,9.,If you dont mind, may I ask you,how,much money you have,?,10,. If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I dont think (,that,),its very funny,.,11,. Now if youll excuse me, I think (,that,),Ill be on my way,.,12,. You mustnt think (,that,),we dont care about you,.,13,. We know (,that,),you are hard-working,.,14,. Why dont you explain,what,this is all about,?,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses,(,引导名词性从句的关联词,),:,从属连词,(,不作成分）,连接代词,（作成分）,连接副词,（作状语）,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether, if,when, where, how, why,一、连词（引导词）,1.,that,1),当宾语从句,由,连词,that,引导,，由于,that,在从句中,不作任何成分,，也,没有任何具体意思,，因此在口语或非正式文体中,常省略。,Lin Tao feels,(that) his own team is even better.,I see,(that) its two oclock.,Do you think,(that) its genuine,?,2),宾语从句中的连接词,that,在以下三种情况下,不能省略：,（,1,）当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个,that,可以省略，,第二个或第二个以后的,that,不可以省略。,（,2,）当,that,在从句作,介词宾语,时，,that,不可省掉。,（,3,）用,it,做,形式宾语,that,引导,的宾语从句中,that,不能省。,I believe (that) you have done your best,and,that,things will improve.,The reason lies,in,that,she works harder than the others do.,I think,it,necessary,that,you should read English aloud,.,that,不能省略的情况,4)that,从句位于句首时,That,he ever said such a thing,I simply dont believe,.,5),主句谓语动词与,that,从句之间有插入语时,We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that,we would admit him for a probationary,.(,试用）,3),在主句为系动词,be,加某些形容词（如,sorry, sure, afraid, glad,等）作表语时，后面所跟的,省略,that,的从句也可算是,宾语从句。,Im sorry,(that),I dont know .,Were sure,(that),our team will win .,Im afraid,(that),he wont pass the exam .,宾语从句中谓语用,should do,的情况,:,The general ordered that troops (should) set off at once.,He suggested that we (should) all buy dictionaries.,I insisted that he (should) apologize to me.,一坚持,Insist,二命令,order command,三建议,advise propose suggest recommend,四要求,ask demand request require,当宾语,从句是由一般疑问句变来,时，由连词,whether,或,if,引导，,“,是否,”，不能省略。,(1).Lily wanted to know,her grandma liked the handbag .,(2). Lets see,we can find out some information about that city .,(3).She asked me,she could borrow these books .,2. Whether / if,if /whether,if /whether,if /whether,1).whether,和,if,都可以引导宾语从句 但是：,a).,当有,or not,时就用,whether,不用,if.,I dont know whether or not I will stay.,b).,介词后面的宾语从句不能用,if.,I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,注意,whether,和,if,的使用区别,:,Practice time,if / whether,1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. We,re worried about _ he is safe.3. I don,t know _ he is well,or not.4. I don,t know _ or not he is well.,if / whether,whether,whether,whether,3.,当宾语从句是由,疑问词,（,what, who, whom, which, whose,when, where, how, why,等,）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以,不可以省略。,Do you know - he said just now ?,I dont remember- we arrived .,I asked him -,I could get so much money .,Please tell me- we will see .,Do you know,time the plane leaves ?,what,when,how/when/why/where,whom,what,when,We thought,it,strange,that,Xiao Wang did not,come yesterday,.,2. He has made,it,clear,that,he will not give in,.,注意,1,：,it,可以放在动词后作为,形式宾语,真正的宾语,-that,从句则放在句尾,.,*_(,我们觉得很奇怪,)she didnt go to school today.,We think,it,strange,that,注意,2,：,在,think, believe, suppose, expect,等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则将主句谓语动词,think,believe, suppose, expect,等变为否定形式。,I dont think you are right,I think you are not right.,注意,3,：,在,think,，,believe,，,imagine,，,suppose,，,guess,，,hope,等动词以及,Im afraid,等后，可用,so,代替一个肯定的宾语从句，或用,not,代替一个否定的宾语从句。,一,Do you believe it will rain?,一,I believe so.,I dont believe so. (,或,I believe not.),（正确）,二、时态,1.,如果,主句是现在的时态,（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），,从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定,，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。,I,know,he - here .(live),I,know,he-here ten years ago .(live),I,have heard,that he -tomorrow .(come),lives,lived,will come,2.,如果主句是过去的时态,（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），,那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态,（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who - here.(live),He asked whether his father _,tomorrow. (come back),lived,would come back,3.,当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用,一般现在时,。,The teacher said that the earth -around the sun.,（,travel,）,travels,1.,The young man asked _ its summer or winter.,A. either B. that C. weather D. whether,2.,We dont know _ they did it .,A. how B. who C. what D. which,3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time .,A. that B. if C. when D. what time,4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .,A. if B. where C. whether D. that,5. Could you show me _ ?,A. how can I get to the station,B. where is the station,C. how could I get to the station,D. how I can reach the station,6. Please tell me _.,A. what does he like B. what he does like,C. what he likes D. what he like,7. My sister told him _ .,A. what day was it B. when the train arrived,C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,Predicative Clauses,表语从句,半系动词,词汇,语态,感官性,系动词,主观判断,系动词,状态变化,系动词,状态持续,系动词,look, sound, smell, taste, feel etc.,主动表被动,seem, appear, turn out, prove, happen etc.,系动词主动表被动,不定式可主动或被动,become, turn, grow, get, go, come, fall, etc.,无被动,keep, remain, stay, lie,etc.,无被动,从属连词,(,不作成分）,连接代词,（作成分）,连接副词,（作状语）,what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever,that, whether,as if/as though,when, where, how, why.because,表语从句,是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在,系动词,之后,一般结构是“,主语,+,系动词,+,表语从句,”。表语从句用,陈述句,的语序。,表语从句,1.,that,引导的表语从句,连接词,that,仅起连接作用，无意义，不作任何成分，,通常不可省略。,对主句主语的内容进一步解释。,The fact is,that,we have lost the game.,The problem is,that,we dont have money.,主语表示建议，命令，要求，计划（,suggestion,、,advice,、,order,、,request,、,proposal,、,plan,）等的名词后，表语从句要用虚拟语气：,(should )+v,原形,e.g: My suggestion is that we should go and help him.,The question is,who,should come first.,Thats,where,I cant agree with you.,This is,why,Sara was late for the meeting.,This is,how,they overcome the difficulties,.,2.,what, which, who, whom, whose,，,where, when, why, how,引导的表语从句。,（主语）,（地点状语）,（原因状语）,（方式状语）,3.,whether,引导的表语从句,whether,起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”，在句中也不作任何成分。,（注意：,if,不能引导表语从句,),The question is whether the man will turn up in time.,4.,As if/though,引导的表语从句,当它与事实相反是，可用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反： 一般过去时,与过去事实相反：过去完成时,与将来事实相反：,would/might/could + v,原形,They treat the boy as if he were their own son.,5.,表示原因,的几种表语从句：,The reason is,that,you havent written to me for a long time.,The reason,why I was late,was,that,I missed the train.,3) I was late.,That was because,I missed the train.,4) I missed the train ,this was why,I was late.,because +,原因,That/This/It is /was,why +,结果,定语从句,注 意：,在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “,whether,”,不能用“,i,f”。,一般情况下，“,that,”,不能省。,It,/This/That,is /was,because,.,+,原因,It,/This/That,is /was,why,.,+,结果,3. The reason (,why/for),is /was,that,.,4 The reason is,because /why,that .,1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.,A. that B. if C. when D. whether,2,The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.,A. because B. that C. for D. because of,3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it,where B. there,C. there where D. where there,4,The problem is _to take the place of Ted,A. who can we get B. what we can get,C. who we can get D. that we can get,5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.,A. that B. if C. whether D.,不填,6. The reason is_I missed the bus.,A. that B. when C. why D. what,Thank you!,