初中英语句型转换技巧

*,Copyright,by ARTCOM PT All rights reserved.,Company,Logo,节节高教育在线,句型转换与翻译技巧,2012,年,12,月,1,句型转换,“句型转换”题主要有两大类：一是基本句式的转换；二是同义句的转换,。,基本句式的转换,一、基本句式的转换主要是指,“,肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句,”,的转换。,1.,肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的转换,（,1,）含有,be,动词,（,am,is,are,was,were),、助动词,(do,does,did),和情态动词,(can,could,should,will,would,may,might),的句子；,肯定句改为否定句：直接在,be,动词、助动词、情态动词后面加,not,肯定句改为一般疑问句时，一律将,be,动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）,肯定回答用“,Yes”,；否定回答用“,No”,。“,Yes”,或“,No”,后面的主语必须用代词，“,No”,后面必须用否定缩略式。,（,2,）只有行为动词的句子。,2,牛刀小试,改为否定句：,There are some pay phones on that street.,Tony will travel around the world.,He can cook Chinese food.,改为一般疑问句，并作肯定、否定回答,There is a hotel next to my school.,Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.,We are cleaning the room now.,.,3,句型转换,（,2,）只含有行为动词的句子,必须借助助动词,do,；,does,；,did,改为否定句时，直接在行为动词后面加,dont,（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时），,doesnt,(,一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时），,didnt,（一般过去时态）,改为一般疑问句时，在句首加,Do,Does,或,Did,。,肯定回答用“,Yes”,，后面动词用,do,；,does,或,did”,；,否定回答用“,No”,，后面动词用,dont,；,doesnt,；,didnt,。,4,牛刀小试,改为否定句,Mary often plays sports after dinner.,Alice attends the lecture once a week.,Mike drew a picture on the blackboard.,改为一般疑问句,The children like playing games,Mary usually goes to school on foot.,Tom went to London yesterday,5,句型转换,2.,特俗疑问句的转换,把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，,人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量,等分别用,：,who,；,whom,；,whose,；,what,；,when,；,where,；,why,；,how,；,how many,；,how much,；,how often,；,how old,；,how long,等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。,6,练习,对划线部分提问,The teachers had a meeting,yesterday.,The postage is,three Yuan and six Jiao.,They helped the old lady clean her house,once a week.,Its going to be,cloudy,tomorrow.,The students are planting trees,on the hills,now.,7,句型转换,3.,选择疑问句和反意疑问句的转换,改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用“,or”,连接两个并列的成分就可以了。,反意疑问句的结构是“陈述句简短问句”，我们必须记住：“前面肯定；后面否定”和“前面否定；后面肯定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。,Tom likes playing football,，,doesnt he,？,Xiao Hong didnt like singing,，,did she,？,注意：祈使句的反意疑问句，一般都用,will you,？以,Lets,开头的一般用,shall we,？,8,练习,完成下列反意疑问句,Im late,_ _?,Theres something wrong,_ _?,There is nothing wrong,_ _?,Someone went there,_ _?,You will have an interesting life.(用a dull life改为选择疑问句),_ you have an interesting life _ a dull life?,Lucy is a studentLily is a doctor（改为选择疑问句）,9,句型,4.,祈使句和感叹句的转换,改为祈使句，必须记住：肯定的祈使句，是原形动词开头，否定的祈使句是“,Dont”,开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是,I,或,we,时，句子开头用,let me,或,lets,）如：,1,You should remember his telephone number,改为：,Remember his telephone number,，,please,改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用,What,，,What,后的名词前可以有形容词；强调的是形容词或副词，句首用,How,，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词，如：,The park is beautiful,改为：,What a,beautiful park,！,或：,How,beautiful the park is,！,10,练习,改为祈使句,You should do homework.,Can you close the window.,You couldnt use my dictionary.,改为感叹句,(,分别用,what,和,how),The weather is fine,The flower is so sweet,The student is very hard-working.,11,句型转换,同义句转换,1.,简单句之间的转换,技巧：,逐个翻译后，与原句进行对照，看缺少了哪个词或哪部分意思，然后再用与其意思相近的词、词组或句型去替换。,（因此，在学习中要掌握尽可能多的同义词，平时多注意）例如：,They will get to London in four days.,They will,reach,London in four days.,The runner couldnt catch up with the others in the race.,The runner,fell behind,the others in the race.,The snow was heavy last night,It,snowed heavily,last night.,.,.,12,句型转换,2.,二合一并成简单句,就是把两个并列句中成份相同的部分用连词合并起来，常见的连词有,neither nor,either or,both and,not only but also,enough to,tooto,，,so.that,as soon as,其中红色字体的部分通常遵循就近原则，即谓语需根据后面的那个主语保持一致。,如：,He hasnt been to France.She hasnt been to France,either.,Neither,he,nor,she has been to France.,Mrs Smith is my teacher.She is also my good friend.,Mrs Smith is,not only,my teacher,but also,my good friend,13,句型转换,3.,简单句与复合句的互换,(1),用不定式、介词短语、名词短语、分词性短语替换；（,2,）将宾语从句简化为“疑问词,+,不定式”；（,3,）将,so that(such that ),引导的状语从句简化为含有,too to (,或,enough to),的简单句；（,4,）,if,引导的状语从句简化为“祈使句，,and(or)+,句子”。例如：,I hope that I can see you soon.,I,hope to see,you again,Please tell me where we show our tickets.,Please tell me,our tickets.,If you dont hurry up,youll miss the early bus,you wont,the early bus.(,两种方法）,.,14,句型转换,4.,语态之间的转换,语态之间的转换主要用于主动语态和被动语态之间的变化。例如：,Your classroom must be cleaned every day.,You,your classroom every day.,2,We can store a lot of information in the computer.(,改为被动语态,),A lot of information _ _ stored in the computer,15,阶段练习,1,This is the most boring journey that I have ever heard of.,I have _ heard of _ a boring journey before.,2,My father seems to be very angry.,_ seems that my father _ very angry.,3,The man made his baby laugh.,The baby was _ _ laugh.,4,The captain is the happiest of all the players.,The captain is _ _ any other player.,16,阶段练习,5,Taking exercise often can make you healthy.,Its good _ your _to take exercise often.,6,Hurry up,and youll be on time for the party.,_ you _ hurry,youll be late for the party.,7,It is five years since he left his hometown.,He has _ _ from his hometown for five years.,8,That lady is my new English teacher.She is wearing red clothes.,The lady _ _ is my new English teacher.,17,阶段练习,9,I spent four hundred yuan in buying that recorder.,That recorder _ _ four hundred yuan.,10,There are more people in America than in England.,The _ in Am