非谓语动词(语法课件)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,是语法填空的必考考点，每年高考至少有1道题。不仅如此，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法，,对增强书面表达的文采和提高阅读理解能力都有明显的作用。,首先，我们通过例句来回顾一下非谓语动词的语法功能(,在句中充当何种成分,)：,考点解密,To obey law,is everyones duty.,Im preparing,to take the examination,.,Her dream is,to be a doctor,.,Ladies and gentlemen,I have something important,to tell you,.,Teacher ask him,to clean the blackboard,.,He came here,to attend an important meeting,.,Playing football,is my favorite sport.,Mary is considering,changing,her job.,Talking to him is,talking to a wall.,I have a friend,living,in London.,I am sorry to have kept you,waiting,long.,Nobody was,interested,in the story he told.,We must get the work,finished,by 10 oclock.,被动、完成、感到.的,主动、进行、令人.的,done,doing,the boy,standing there,The leaves,fallen on the ground,the clothes,to wash tomorrow,an,exciting,news,an,astonished,look,作宾语 V+to do,hope,wish,expect,want,desire,long,attempt,prepare,intend,decide,determine,promise,agree,plan,manage,seem,happen choose,pretend,refuse,fail,arrange,learn,offer,afford,prefer,demand,作宾语,V+doing,appreciate,admit,avoid,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,excuse,escape,finish forgive,suggest imagine,mind,miss,mention,keep,practise,prevent,resist,risk,adapt to：,适应,/adjust to object to,反对,relate to：,与有关,contribute to,get down to：,开始做，着手,prefer to,stick to：,坚持,/be/get used to devoteto,pay attention to：draw(ones)attention to,look forward to：,期望,be addicted to,沉溺于,to,为介词,understand/stand/bear,put off,give up,feel like,be worth,set about,be busy,Sb.spend doing sth.,difficulty,trouble/fun/good time,(in)doing,Theres no point doing,Its no good/use doing,remember,forget,regret,+,to do,doing,既能跟 to do又能跟-ing作宾语,consider,try,mean,stop,go on,cant help,+,to do,doing,非谓语动词解题技巧,1.谓语动词：,概述：,2.非谓语动词：,在句子中担任谓语的动词,是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分,一个句子,当中，,已经存在一个,主句,（谓语动词）,又没有连词,的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,。,非谓语动词使用条件,She got off the bus,leaving,her handbag on her seat.,She got off the bus,but,left,her handbag on her seat.,二.找逻辑主语,三、分析语态,四、分析时态,一.辨别“谓与非谓”,非谓语动词解题步骤,方法总结：,谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态,（一）,分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”,_many times,but he still couldnt understand it.,2,_many times,he still,couldnt understand it.,A.Having been told B.Being told,C.He had been told D.Though he was told,C,_,A,注意连词,3.It _ a hot day,wed better go swimming.,4._ a rainy day;we decided not to,go there.,is B.to be C.being,D.It,being E.It was F.been,C,E,注意标点符号,非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。,（二）找逻辑主语,1.Walking along the street one day,she saw,a little girl running up to her.,2.She is reading a book found on the way.,3.Most of the artists invited to the party were,from South Africa.,4.Convinced of the truth of the reports,he,told his colleagues about it.,一,般来说，作,状语,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；,作,宾补,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；,作,定语,的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。,A.to take B.taking,C.to be taken D.taken,D,B,Everything,they,1._ everything into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,2.Everything _into consideration,they ought to have another chance.,（三）分析语态,分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词,和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是,主动,还是,被动,关系。,“,You cant catch me!”Jane shouted,_ away.,A.run B.running,C.to,run D.ran,2._ in the mountains for a week,the two students were finally saved by the,local police.,A.Having lost B.Lost,C.Being lost D.Losing,Jane,the two students,be dressed in be seated in be born in,be located in be caught in be amazed at,be faced with be aimed at be absorbed in,be tired of be buried in,（四）,分析时态,1.The building _now will be a restaurant.,2.The building _ next year will be a restaurant.,3.The building _last year is a restaurant.,having been built,B.to,be built,C.being built,D.built,_,C,_,B,_,D,原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式,When asked why he went there,，,he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.,A.training B.being trained,C.to have trained D.to be trained,如：,She got up very early to catch up the first bus.,2._ this cake,，,youll need 2 eggs,，,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.,A.Having made B.Make,C.To make D.Making,to catch up the first bus.,3.As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not _，and asked myself what I was going to do.,moved B.moving,C.to move D.Being moved,原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.,ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别：,作伴随状语的ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且,前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比,谓语动词的动作后发生,前面不能用逗号。,用括号里的词的适当形式填空,1.Write to the editor,_ that the editor,would be able to help her（hope）,2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there,_ on a big rock(rest ),3.The secretary worked late into night,_,a long speech.(prepare),4._ warm,we shut all the windows.,(keep),preparing,to rest,hoping,To keep,原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，,一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。,不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。,5.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones,at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day.,（2007天津卷）,A.to let B.letting C.let D.having let,【解析 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。,如：It rained heavily，causing severe flooding in that place.,大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。,6.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the,year，_ a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.,（2005山东卷）,A.have reached B.reaching C.to reach D.to be reaching,8.He hurried to the