其他保存方法OtherPreservationMeth

按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,其他保存方法,Other Preservation Methods,黃顯宗,東吳大學,M202,第三部份：食品保存與微生物,教學目標,認識其他食品保存方法與微生物之關係,認識發展中的食品保存方法與微生物之關係,ASEPSIS,避免微生物污染,食物的天然阻隔,如 組織、表皮、硬殼等,加工的無菌操作,包裝處理,R,emoval,of,Microorganisms,Filtration,juice,soft drink,beer,wine,water,Centrifugation,Sedimentation,Washing,High Pressure Processing,Shape,color,and nutrients of most foods are not affected.,Commercially available in Japan since the early 1990s.,Reference,Change in inactivation of,Zygosaccharomyces bailii,with pressure,http:/www.wsu.edu/gmhyde/433_web_pages/433Thermal-nontherm-procesg/HighHydroPressure.html,MPa,Psi,kg/cm2,kg/in2,1,145,10.19,101945.15,1個標準大氣壓等於101,325,Pa,0.101325 MPa,Control of,Listeria,in meat by high pressure,http:/www.amif.org/AMIFResearch/1AMIpressure.pdf#search=High%20Pressure%20listeria,D value,又出現了,Response of Bacteria,Mutants resistant to high pressure were found,Stress response system stimulated,Pulsed Electric Fields,PEF,短暫高電壓的處理,G,較,G-,耐性強，更不容易殺死,孢子比營養細胞耐性強,Stationary phase,比,log phase,耐性強,傷害細胞膜致細胞死亡,與電的強度、處理時間、處理溫度有關,Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water,是利用稀鹽水加以電解，在陽極產生具,pH,值在,2,6,之間、氧化還原電位,(oxidation reduction potential,ORP),為,+1,000 mV,以上，含有效氯並具有殺菌特性之酸性電解水,酸性電解水，具有殺菌能力,Electrolyzed water,電解水處理,Listeria,菌,Liu and Su,2006,處理,E.coli,Salmonella,和,Listeria,菌,Venkitanarayanan et al.,1999,Manothermosonication,或稱為,Thermoultrasonication,同時結合熱與超音波處理,Effective in reducing the thermal resistance of enzymes peroxidase,lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase.,Alternative Food Processing Technologies,Pulsed Light,Oscillating Magnetic Fields,Ultrasound,X-ray.,FDA,PEF,處理,Listeria,菌,Inactivation kinetics of,L.innocua,NCTC 11289 at different electric field strengths.Symbols:,2.0 to 2.1 V/m;,2.3 to 2.5 V/m;,2.7 to 3.0 V/m;,3.2 to 3.5 V/m;,3.6 to 3.9 V/m.The pH of the treatment medium was 5,the conductivity was 0.51 S/m at an inlet temperature of 40C,and the pulse length was 3.9 s.The inoculum contained 1.4 10,6,CFU/ml.The results are the means of data from two experiments,and standard deviations are indicated by error bars.,Wouters et al.,1999,使用,Phages,如針對,Listeria,E.coli,Salmonella,等,參考文獻,細菌形成，如乳酸菌,Protein,性質,destroyed by digestive enzymes,Nontoxic,Heat stable,storage stability,No off-flavors or off-odors,Narrow spectrum of antimicrobial activity,舉例,Nisin,Subtilin,against G+bacteria,like Nisin,菌種改良,Bacteriocins,Bacteriocins-Nisin,http:/ans-bv.nl/Admin/mkstats/usage_200310.html,Bacteriocins,Nisin,Subtilin,Tetracyclines,Natamycin,