英语B级写作讲义

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Writing,1. 书信(一般书信，邀请函，接受邀请，拒绝邀请，申请函, 祝贺，证明信，投诉信),2. 通知,3. 简历,3. 议论文,4. 图表作文,书信的格式,1),Heading,(,写信人的地址即日期）,2),Inside Address,（,收信人的姓名及地址）,（写信日期）,3),Salutation （,称呼,Dear ）,4) Body(,正文),5),Complimentary Close,(,结尾客套话),6),Signature,(,签名),1。,地址的写法:,英文地址的写法与中文完全不同，地址的名称按,从小到大,的顺序：,第一行写门牌号码和街名或公司名称,；,第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名,；然后再写日期。 如:,BOX 408,Beijing University,Beijing 100871,June 15, 2004/June 15,th, 2004,2。称呼:,1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时：,My dear,father,，Dear,Tom,，,2）,写给,公务上,的信函用,Dear Madam,，,Dear Sir,或,Gentleman（,Gentlemen,）。（,注意：,Dear,纯属公务上往来的客气形式。,Gentlemen,总是以复数形式出现，前不加,Dear，,是,Dear Sir,的复数形式。）3）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加,姓氏,或,姓氏和名字,。例如：,Dear Prof. Tim Scales,Dear Dr. Smith,。,3。结束语,（,Complimentary Close）,（1）,写给家人、亲戚, 朋友，,Lovingly yours，Lovingly, Yours affectionately,等；,（,2）写业务信函用,Truly yours（Yours truly），Faithfully yours（Yours faithfully）, Sincerely yours(Yours sincerely),等；,（3）对上级、长辈用,Yours obediently（Obediently yours），Yours respectfully（Respectfully yours）,等。,4。签名:,在结束语的正下方，在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字.如果是商业信函,可先写公司名称; 职务应写在签名下方.如:,Yours faithfully,HAITIAN FOOD CO.,LTD,Wang shunli,Wang shunli,General Manager,求职信（,a letter of application for a position,）,1.,格式及内容,和其他普通书信一样，求职信由写信人地址及写信日期、收信人姓名及地址、称呼、正文、结束语、署名和附件七个部分组成。求职信大致包括以下内容：,1）,首先说明,写信原由,，即是看到招聘广告还是从朋友处得到消息。,2）,正文强调与求职岗位相关的,教育背景,、,工作经历与资格,。,3）,结尾应,请求面试,机会。,4）,提供至少两个证明人及其联系地址和电话，放在个人简历（写求职信一般要附上个人简历）中列出，否则在正文中体现。,如何写,简洁明了,的求职信？,-,三段式,Para1-,Why you are writing,?,Para2-,What abilities and experiences,you have (relate to the position)?,Para3- How you will follow up?,2. 常用句型：,第一段：,1),I am writing to,apply for the position,2）,This is an application for the position,3),I am interested in the position,in your company as ,最后一段：,1),I should be glad to have a personal interview.,2),My resume is enclosed,.,3）Im looking forward to hearing from you shortly,.,范文：,140,Shaoshan Road,Hangzhou 3180000,Zhejiang,Nov. 17, 2003,Personnel Director,Shanghai New World School,Shanghai,Dear Sir or Madam,I have learned from the job ad that there is a vacancy of English teacher in Shanghai New World School, and,I wish to apply for the position.,I,graduated from,Zhejiang University. For the last two years, I have been teaching English at Hangzhou No.9 Middle School, to whom I can refer you as to my character and ability.,Enclosed you will find a recommendation letter,from Professor Smith, of the Foreign Languages College of Zhejiang University.,I should welcome a personal interview at your convenience.,Yours respectfully,Alice White,作业：,姓名：李爱华 男,1980,年,5,月,16,日出生 未婚 家住北京市复兴路,61,号。,2001,年以优异成绩毕业于华光技术学院计算机系。大学,3,年期间一直学习英语，有很好的阅读能力，具有英语交流的能力。喜欢游泳和上网。欲求计算机程序员工作。,Application letter,June 21,2002,Dear Sirs or Madams,I am writing to apply for the position of computer programmer.,My name is Li Aihua, graduated from the Computer Department of Huaguang Technical College in 2001 with excellent scores. I studied English during the 3 years at college. Im excellent at reading. I can communicate in English fluently. I like swimming and going online.,I should welcome a personal interview at your convenience. Look forward to hearing from you soon.,Yours respectfully,Li Aihua,作业：,你叫刘远，申请一家公司的经理助理职位。,个人情况：,1981,年生于福建，,2003,年毕业于厦门大学经济系，参加过一些社会活动。在英语四、六级考试中均取得好成绩并通过口语考试。爱好音乐、足球、旅游。,邀请信（,a letter of invitation,）,该题型要求考生掌握正式和非正式的书信体邀请信格式。它的内容应完整、明确、语言简朴、态度热情。,1.,格式及内容,邀请信的正式程度有邀请者与被邀请者间的关系来决定。正式的邀请信格式与普通书信相同；而用于熟悉朋友间的非正式邀请信可省略写信人地址、收信人姓名及地址，称呼也可随便些。邀请信复函的格式和正式程度与邀请信相同。,1）,邀请信的正文,a.,提出邀请,b.,清楚写明邀请的原因并指出时间、地点、场合,c.,结尾时表示期待对方接受邀请，如要求被邀请人答复，应注明,RSVP/r.s.v.p.,。,2）,表示接受邀请的复函的正文,a.,感谢对方的邀请,b.,表示接受要求并确认时间、地点、场合,c.,表达愉快的期盼之情,3）,表示谢绝邀请的复函的正文,a.,感谢对方的邀请,b.,明确谢绝并给出合理的原因,范文,A ( a letter of invitation),May10, 2003,Dear Mr. Wilson,Mrs. Amy Taylor will leave for the United States shortly. We,have the pleasure in inviting,you to join us in a Farewell Party which is to take place at 7:00-10:00 p.m. on Sunday, April 12,2003, at the Diamond Club.,Looking forward to seeing you.,Yours,Lucy,范文,A ( a letter of invitation),December20,，,2001,Dear Miss Brown,，,Class 4 will,hold,a Christmas party,to,celebrate,Christmas Day,.,We,would like to invite,you,to,be our guest of honor.,The party,will be held in,Room301 of Teaching Building 4 on,Christmas Eve, from 8 p.m. to 10 p.m.,There will be a gift,exchange, so if you decide to come, please bring a gift.,Please RSVP to Ricky, the class monitor of Class4.,We are,looking forward to,hearing from you! Merry Christmas,!,Sincerely yours,Jiang Ming,May 1, 2006,Dear Megan,Hi! How are you? I hope you are doing well. My parents are throwing me a party on Saturday, May 10 in celebration of my birthday.,I would like to invite you to be my guest of honor,.,The party will be held from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at Randolph Park Recreation Center, where we will swim, play volleyball and have a barbecue. So if you decide to come, please bring your swimsuit and a change of clothes!,Please RSVP to Valerie Conn before May 3, 2006. You can reach Valerie Conn by email at or by phone 543-9865.,I hope you will come!,Sincerely,Bethany,范文,B,：,(accepting an invitation),May15, 2003,Dear Mary,How nice of you to ask me to dinner at your home on Saturday night, May 17, at 7:00. It seems quite a long time since we met last and I am very glad of the opportunity to hear you talk about your business trip in Russia.,Im looking forward to seeing you.,Yours,William,May15, 2003,Dear Bob,Thank you for your kind invitation to dinner at your home on Friday, May18, 2003, but Im sorry that I have to decline it.,As you know I have been preparing for the TOEFL test, which is to be given this weekend. I must do some preparation.,I do hope to see you when Im free.,Yours,Ted,范文,C(declining an invitation),感谢信（,Thank-you letter,）,商务感谢信范例,:,Dear Mr./ Ms, Thank you for your letter of yesterday inviting me to come for an interview on Friday afternoon, 5th July, at 2:30. I shall be happy to be there as requested and will bring my diploma and other papers with me. Yours faithfully,* * *,尊敬的先生,/,小姐,谢谢昨日来信通知我面试,，,我将于要求,的,7,月,5,日,，,周五下午两点半到达,，,并带去我,的,证书及其它书面材料,。 你诚挚的,* * *,投诉信（,a letter of complaint）,一般来说，投诉信包括三个基本方面：,1）,投诉内容。主要指投诉实物名称或服务态度等。,2）,投诉原因。主要指投诉内容出了何种问题。,3),希望得到的结果。主要指向被投诉的单位或个人求得解决问题的办法或希望返回其所付出的所有代价。,常用句型：,1) I am writing to complain that ,2),Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.,May 10, 2003,To whom it may concern,I have written two letters telling you that my refrigerator did not work properly for a few days, but I havent heard from you ever since,. This causes us not only much inconvenience but also a lot of trouble.,Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.,Yours sincerely,Li Hua,投诉信模式：,证明信（,a letter of certificate）,证明信或证书涉及面较广，凡是证明一个人的身份、经历或某件事真相的信或文件都叫做证明信或证书，如出生证、学历证等。,证明的格式与一般书信格式大致相同，只是称呼一般多用“,To whom it may concern,”,（,有关负责人），而,不须写收信人姓名、地址和结束语,。通常在信笺上方先注明,Certificate,（,证明）字样，然后写正文，最后在右下方署上自己的名字或单位名称。,To whom it may concern,This is to certify that,Miss Sun Xiaoli has been employed in our company as a secretary for the past two years. She has faithfully attended to her duties and has improved herself to be diligent and thoroughly reliable.,Sincerely yours,Wang Tao,通知（,Notice）,英文通知的格式与中文通知大体相同，由标题、正文、落款（或时间）三部分组成。标题写在正文上方正中部位，常以,Notice/NOTICE,作标题。落款即发出通知的单位和时间写在正文右下角，有时单位可省略，时间也可写在单位名称下一行的左下角。书写正文应注意几点：,1）,内容简洁清楚。,2）多采用被动语态，人称用第三人称。,3) 正文起首常标以“,A,TTENTION,”,字样或以“,Attention, please,”,开头。,Sample 1:,罗列式,NOTICE,Lecturer:,Mr.Wang ,general manager of Shanghai Golden Palm Computer System,Limited Company,Topic:,Modern Information Management Mode,Time:,6:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m. May 12,Venue:,the Multi-media Lecture Room,Audience:,students of Information Management Department,Information Management Department,May4,2003,2.,陈述式：,NOTICE,Mr. Wang , general manager of Shanghai Golden Palm Computer System Limited Company,will give a lecture on,Modern Information Management Mode at 6:30 p.m. on May 12. The two-hour lecture,will be held in,the Multi-media lecture Room .Students of Information Management Department,are invited to attend,the lecture.,Information Management Department,May4,2003,November 21, 2006,To whom it may concern,This is a group e-mail sent out to the administration, staff and students of Walker Davis High School.,For the safety of our staff and students, our school will be closed,due to repairs,in the electrical system on December 1 and December 2,.,Administration, staff, and students,are expected to,return to school on December 3. Thank you for you understanding. We hope to quickly resolve the problem.,Sincerely,Mark Owens,3.,书信式,Notice,Attention, please,. A visit to Shanghai has been arranged for Saturday, June 7.,The teachers who wish to go,are expected to,gather at the college gate.,The bus is to leave at 6:00 a.m. sharp.,The English Department Office,June 2nd, 2003,便条 (,note)-,电话留言，假条，借条,便条,(,note),是最简短的通讯形式。其格式一般包括,日期、称呼、正文、署名,等项。内容力求通俗，简单明了。,(1)电话留言,2:30,p.m. Tuesday,Dear John,When you were out, Prof. Li of Nankai University,rang, saying that he will be expecting you in his,office at 8:00 a.m. tomorrow morning. Please call,him if it is not convincing to you.,Peter,To:,Time:,Message:,From:,(2)假条,May 12,Dear Mr. Davis,I am seriously ill and the doctor asked me to stay at home. I beg to apply for one weeks leave of absence from the 13,th,to 20,th,inclusive. Ill be very much obliged if you grant me my application.,I am enclosing the doctors certificate.,Yours sincerely,* * *,（3）借条 （,IOU ）,21,st,Dec. 2003,To Miss Wang Ling,IOU yuan two hundred only (,￥,200.00).,Li Ping,说明：根据下列内容写一份电子邮件。,发件人,：,John Smith (),收件人,：假日酒店（,电子邮件,）,发件时间,：,12,月,10,日,事由,：,1.,因行程改变，取消,12,月,5,日以,John Smith,的名义在贵酒店预定,的,12,月,12,日到,15,日的两个单身房间,2.,表示歉意，并询问是否需支付违约金。,3.,要求回信确认。,Words for reference:,违约金,cancellation penalty,假日酒店,Holiday Inn,以,的名义,in the name of,确认,confirm,十、,E-mail,应用文写作,E-mail Message,To: _,From: _,Date:_,Subject:_,Dear Sir or Madam,_,Yours faithfully,John Smith,Holiday Inn,（,电子邮件,）,John Smith (),Dec. 10th,Cancellation of Hotel Booking,I am writing to inform you that, because of my change of schedule, I have to cancel the booking of two single rooms during Dec. 12th to 15th in the name of John Smith. I apologize for the inconvenience I will bring you, and I wonder whether I should pay the cancellation penalty. I will be grateful if you could write back to confirm it.,八、简历,简历是求职者生活经历的简述，一般以大纲或一览表的形式表示，通常包括下列内容：,a),个人资料：包括姓名、性别、年龄、出生日期、国籍、身高、体重、性格、爱好、健康状况、婚姻状况、住址和联系电话等。,b),受教育程度：一般从中学开始，包括就读学校名称、时间、所学专业和取得的学位等。,c),工作经历（一般采用从最近往前的时间顺序例举从事过的工作）,d),奖励和社会活动,e),个人爱好和特长,f),求职目标,g),附件,简历的目的在于可以使人迅速获得资料，因此简历措辞应简洁明了，不必用完整的句子，但内容必须真实。公司机构和学校名称需写全称。标题要用,CURRICULUM VITAE,或,RESUME,。,RESUME,1) Personal Data,Name: Zhang Xiaoming,Sex: Male,Age:22,Address: 302Building1, Daguan Street, Hangzhou 3110000, Zhejiang,Tel: 0571,8516677,2) Education,Sept.1993,July 1995: School of Adult Education, Zhejiang University,Sept.1990,July 1993: Hangzhou No.9 Middle School,3),Work Experience,June 1994,Sept.1994: Sold stationery for Childrens Appliance Company,Jan. 1995,May 1995: Took a part-time job as a managing assistant at Northern City Transportation Company,4) Foreign Languages:,Excellent English, fair French,5) Hobbies:,Reading, traveling, playing football,6) Other factors:,1.75m, healthy, honest, hard- working and easy to get along with,7) Job objective:,Assistant manager,8) References:,Will be sent upon request,Letter 1,发信人：张玲内容：,1.,邀请,Jane,暑假期间到北京来度假,2.,陪同她游览长城、故宫、颐和园等,3.,请回信告知是否能来写信日期：,2003,年,6,月,25,日,Letter 2,回信人：,Jane,内容：,1.,感谢并接受张玲的邀请,2.,决定,7,月初来北京回信日期：,2003,年,6,月,30,日,Words for reference:,长城,the Great Wall;,故宫,the Imperial Palace;,颐和园,the Summer Palace,Dear Jane,Long time no see. How are you?,Id like to invite you to spend,some days in Beijing this coming summer holidays. As you know, there are lots of interesting places to see such as the Great Wall, Forbidden City, Summer Palace and so on.,Ill accompany you to visit each of these places.,I sincerely hope you would like to spend a pleasant holiday with me here.,Please tell me when you could come for such a visit.,Good luck,Your faithfully,Zhangling,Dear Zhang,Nice to hear from you!,Your invitation is great! Surely, Ill come.,People often say that the best time for enjoying sightseeing in Beijing is in July, in autumn, the harvest season. You know, I like the golden leaves of trees, the climate and the food.,Lets meet at Beijing Airport, the first Saturday of July,.,With thanks,Yours faithfully,Jane,说明：请以中国学生张锦秋（女）的身份填写下列表格。具体信息如下：出生年月：,1982,年,10,月,16,日联系地址：燕京市虹桥路,496,号电话：,000-67289879,个人详细情况：本人目前学历，学习英语的目的和经历，我的英语强项和弱项，希望在哪方面加强，等等。,Test Preparation Course Application Form,Family name: _ First name (s): _Date of birth: _ Nationality: _Sex: _ Telephone number: _Address: _ Please write about your current education, your strengths and weaknesses in English and your experience in English learning. (about 50 words) _,Family name: Zhang,First name(s): JinqiuDate of birth: Oct, 16, 1982,Nationality: Chinese Sex: Female,Telephone number: 000-67289879 Address: 496 Hongqiao Road, Yanjing City I am a sophomore in Liaoning University. I am majoring in international trade. Though I have little difficulty in reading English materials, I am totally at a loss when I attend my American teachers lecture. I am eager to improve my listening ability in your seminar. I look forward to hearing from you soon.,2004,说明：请以王曼丽的名义写一封求职信。王曼丽，,24,岁，毕业于龙江技术学院，主修企业管理，各门课程都优良。学过速记与打字，速度各为每分钟,90,字和,70,字。请为她拟出一份给,ABC,公司的自荐信，希望能在该公司谋得总经理秘书一职。请注意书信的格式。写信的日期为,2004,年,6,月,25,日。,Words for reference:,技术学院,Technical College,企业管理,Business Administration,速记与打字,shorthand and typing,Application Letter,June 25th, 2004,Dear Sir or Madam,My name is Wang Manli, 24 years old, graduating from Longjiang Technical College. I major in Business Administration and get an excellent achievement in all my lessons. I have ever learned shorthand and typing and the speed of each is 90 words and 70 words per minute respectively. I hope to be the secretary of the general manager of your company.,Looking forward to receiving your reply.,Sincerely yours,Wang Manli,说明：请按照中文提供的信息，将下述内容填入英文表格。欢迎到西部主题公园来！公园开放时间为,4,月到,9,月，每周,7,天，从上午,10,点到下午,6,点。成人,15,票价美元，儿童,7,美元，也可以花,28,美元买家庭票！每周六、周日我们有原始西部表演。表演从下午两点开始，持续两个半小时。星期一至星期五上午,8:00, 10:00,有免费巴士从市区开往公园，节假日和周末全天都有免费巴士从市区开往公园。可以在网上预订门票，也可打电话订票。演出开始前半小时可买到半价票。,Welcome to Wild West Theme ParkOpening months: From _ to _Opening days in a week:_Opening hours: From _ to _Time of Wild West Show: _Show starts: _Show lasts: _Ticket price: Adult $ _; Children $ _;Family Ticket $ _Additional information:1. Bus service2. Booking information,Welcome to Wild West Theme Park Opening months: From _April_ to _September_Opening days in a week: _Seven days_Opening hours: From _10 a. m. to _6 p. m. Time of Wild West Show: _every Saturday and Sunday_Show starts: _2 p. m. Show lasts: _2 hours and a half_Ticket price: Adult $ _15_; Children $ _7_; Family Ticket $ _28_Additional information:1. Bus serviceThere are free buses from urban area to the park from eight oclock to ten oclock from Monday to Friday, and the buses are also on service at anytime on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays.2. Booking informationYou can book tickets on Internet or telephone. There is fifty percent discount half an hour before the show.,2005,明：假定你是王明（中国籍），去海口旅游度假，于,2005,年,6,月,10,日入住白云宾馆,3002,房间，,6,月,20,日离店。临走时填写了一份问卷调查表。内容如下：,1.,对酒店的总体管理感到满意；,2.,对酒店提供的各种服务感到满意；,3.,建议：,A,）因酒店位于海边，交通并不方便，周围的商业设施比较少，建议酒店每天能提供免费班车，方便来海边度假的住店人去市区购买所需商品。,B,）建议酒店与相关公司联系，为住店客人提供租车服务。,Words for reference:,总体（的）,overall,商业的,commercial,班车,shuttle bus,相关公司,related company,QUESTIONNAIRE To improve the quality of our service, we would be grateful if youd complete the following questionnaire.Name: Wang MingNationality: Chinese Room number: 3002Check-in Date: June 10th, 2005 Check-out Date: June 20th, 2005Did you receive polite and efficient service when you arrived? (Yes)Are you satisfied with the room service of our hotel? YesWhats your opinion of our health facilities? (Good)Please give your impression of our restaurant service. GoodHave you any other comments to help us make your stay more enjoyable?I am satisfied with the overall service of the restaurant.Nevertheless, there are too few commercial facilities. So, I advice that you offer free shuttle buses to the customers everyday, which can make it convenient for them to go downtown for some shopping. Second, I hope that the restaurant can contact the related company to provide the customers with car rental.Baiyun HotelGeneral Manager,说明：根据下列内容写一份电子邮件。发件人：,John Smith (Js456),收件人：假日酒店（电子邮箱）发件时间：,12,月,10,日事由：,1.,因行程改变，取消,12,月,5,日以,John Smith,的名义在贵酒店预订的,12,月,12,日到,15,日的两个单人房间。,2.,表示歉意，并询问是否需支付违约金。,3.,要求回信确认。,Words for reference:,违约金,cancellation penalty,假日酒店,Holiday Inn,以,的名义,in the name of,确认,confirm,E-mail Message,To: _From : _Date: _Subject:,Cancelletion of Hotel Booking,Dear Sir or Madam,Im writing to inform you that _,Yours faithfully,John Smith,To: From: John Smith (Js456)Date: 10th DecemberSubject: Cancellation of Hotel Booking,Dear Sir or Madam,Im writing to inform you that due to the change of my journey, I have to cancel my booking of two single rooms for December 12th through 15th at the Holiday Inn on 5th December in the name of John Smith.Im really sorry for all the trouble this might have caused. Id appreciate it if you would tell me whether I should pay the cancellation penalty. And Im looking forward to receiving your reply to confirm my concellation.,Yours faithfully,John Smith,说明：假定你是销售部经理,John Green,请以,John Green,的名义按照下面的格式和内容给本公司各部门经理写一个内部通知。主题： 讨论,2006,年度第三季度（,the 3rd quarter,）销售计划通知时间：,2006,年,6,月,16,日内容： 本部门已制定,2006,年第三季度的销售计划。将于,2006,年,6,月,19,日下午,1,：,00,在本公司会议室开会，讨论这一计划。并希望各部门经理前来参加。如不能到会，请提前告知本部门秘书。,Words for reference:,告知,notify,； 提前,in advanceSALES DEPARTMENT,MEMO,DATE: _TO: _FROM: _SUBJECT: _,Memo,DATE: June 16th, 2006TO: Managers of all the departmentsFROM: John Green (The Sales Manager)SUBJECT: Discussion on the sales plan of the 3rd quarter in 2006 Our department has made the sales plan