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上海理工大学机械制图课件,第六章 常用机件和结构要素的特殊表示法,6.1 螺纹及螺纹紧固件,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,一、螺纹,螺纹的形成,A,A,1,导程,螺旋线,一个与轴线共面的平面图形（三角形、梯形等），绕圆柱面作螺旋运动，则得到一圆柱螺旋体,螺纹,在零件外表面上的螺纹叫外螺纹,。,在零件孔腔内表面上的螺纹叫内螺纹,。,6.1,螺纹及螺纹紧固件,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,车外螺纹,车内螺纹,工件,卡盘,螺纹的加工方法：,车刀,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,动画演示：外螺纹加工方法,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,2.螺纹的要素,螺纹的牙型,在通过螺纹轴线的剖面上，螺纹的轮廓形状。,常用的有：,牙型,三角形M,梯形Tr,锯齿形B,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,螺纹的大径、小径和中径,大径：,与,外螺纹牙顶,或,内螺纹牙底,相切的,假想圆柱面的直径。D、d,小径：,与,外螺纹牙底或内螺纹牙顶相切,的,假想圆柱面的直径。D,1,、d,1,牙底,牙底,牙顶,牙顶,小径,大径,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,外螺纹,内螺纹,牙顶,牙底,牙底,牙顶,大径 D、d,小径D,1,、d,1,中径D,2,、d,2,螺纹的中径：,一个假想圆柱的直径。该圆柱的母线通过牙型上,沟槽和凸起宽度相等,的地方。,D,2,、d,2,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,螺纹的线数,n,沿,一条螺旋线,形成的螺纹叫做,单线螺纹,；沿,两条或两条以上,在轴向等距分布的螺旋线所形成的螺纹叫做,多线螺纹,。,单线螺纹,双线螺纹,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,螺距和导程,螺纹上相邻两牙在中径线上对应两点之间的轴向距离,P,称为螺距。,同一条螺纹上,相邻两牙在中径线上对应两点之间的轴向距离,P,h,称为导程。,单线螺纹：P=P,h,多线螺纹：P,h,=Pxn,螺距=导程,螺距,导程,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,螺纹的旋向,右旋,(常用),左旋,注意,：只有上述各,要素完全相同,的内、外,螺纹才能旋合在一起。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,牙型,直径-大径（,公称直径,）、小径和中径,线数-n,螺距和导程-P、Ph,旋向-左旋、,右旋,螺纹有五个要素,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,3.螺纹的规定画法,(1)外螺纹画法,(2)内螺纹画法,(3)螺纹连接的画法,(4)螺纹局部结构的画法与标注,(6)螺纹相贯的画法,(5)螺纹牙型的表示,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(1)外螺纹画法,大径线画粗实线,倒角圆不画,小径圆约画3/4圈,外螺纹的剖视画法：,小,径,大径,AA,螺纹终止线画一小,段,剖面线画到大径线,A,A,小径线画细实线且画到倒角内,小径0.85d,螺纹终止线画粗实线,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,螺纹终止线,(2)内螺纹画法,大径线画细实线,小径线画粗实线,倒角圆不画,大径圆约画3/4圈,剖面线画到小径线,即粗实线位置,A,A,AA,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,120,不穿通螺纹孔的画法:,钻孔,118,0.5D,攻丝,容易出错的地方,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,A,A,(3)螺纹连接的画法（实心螺杆）,A,A,旋入深度,画图要点：,大径线和大径线对齐；小径线和小径线对齐。,旋合部分按外螺纹画；其余部分按各自的规定画。,按不剖画,内、外螺纹剖面线方向相反,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(3)螺纹连接的画法(空心螺杆),Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,画图步骤：,画外螺纹,确定内螺纹的端面位置,画内螺纹及其余部分投影,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,C2,(4)螺纹局部结构的画法与标注,(a)倒角,(b)退刀,槽,C2,C2,b,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(5),螺纹牙型的表示,(a)重合画法,(b)移出局部放大,5:1,(6)螺纹相贯的画法,螺纹相贯时，只在钻孔与钻孔相交处画出相贯线。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,连,接,螺,纹,传,动,螺,纹,M,G,Tr,B,粗牙,细牙,螺 纹,管 螺 纹,梯形螺纹,锯 齿 形,螺 纹,普 通,最常用的连接螺纹,用于细小的精密或薄壁零件,用于水管、油管、气管等薄壁管子上，用于管路的连接。,用于各种机床的丝杠，做,传动用。,只能传递单方向的动力。,螺 纹 种 类,特征,代号,外 形 图,用 途,常用的几种螺纹的特征代号及用途,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,4.螺纹的标注,(1)普通螺纹的基本格式(M),特征代号,公称直径,导程(P螺距),旋,向,公差带代号,旋合长度代号,粗牙螺纹不标注螺距,。,旋合长度为中等时，,“,N,”,可省略。,右旋螺纹不用标注旋向，左旋时则标注,LH,。,右旋,左旋,长：L 中等：N,短：S,中,径,和,顶,径,公差带代号g,外G-内,多线螺纹,单线螺纹,。,Pn导程P螺距,P螺,距,公差带代号应按顺序标注中径、顶径公差带代号,。,注意：6g和6H不标。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,(2)梯形螺纹与锯齿形螺纹的基本格式(Tr、B),特征代号,公称直径,导程(P螺距),旋,向,公差带代号,旋合长度代号,旋合长度为中等时，,“,N,”,可省略。,右旋螺纹不用标注旋向，左旋时则标注,LH,。,右旋,左旋,长：L 中等：N,中,径,公差带,多线螺纹,单线螺纹,。,导程（P螺距）,螺,距,公差带代号应标注中径公差带代号,。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,标注示例,M202,5g6g,S,LH,普通螺纹,大径d20,螺距P2(细牙),短旋合长度,顶径公差带代号,左旋,中径公差带代号,例1：,例2：,Tr4014(P7)7HL,梯形螺纹,大径D40,导程14 螺距7 线数2,中径公差带代号,长旋合长度,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright
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