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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第二部分 语法专题,专题十一 非谓语动词,精讲必备考点,考点一 动词不定式作主语,考点二 动词不定式作宾语,考点三 动词不定式作宾语补足语,考点四 动词不定式的特殊句型,考点五 动词不定式作状语,考点六 疑问词,+,动词不定式,第二部分 语法专题精讲必备考点考点一 动词不定式作主语,考点八 现在分词与过去分词,考点七 动名词与动词不定式,精讲必备考点(时态),考点八 现在分词与过去分词考点七 动名词与动词不定式精讲,我们把在句子当中起名词、形容词或副词作用,充当谓语之外的其他句子成分的动词称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种形式:动词不定式、分词(现在分词和过去分词)和动名词。,考点一 动词不定式作主语,动词不定式是一种非限定动词,而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词。动词不定式分为带,to,的不定式(,to+,动词原形)和不带,to,的不定式。动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词,不受主语的人称和数的限制,但保留动词的性质。,1.,动词不定式作主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。,To say something is one thing;to do it is another.,说是一回事,做是另一回事。,我们把在句子当中起名词、形容词或副词作用,充当谓语之外的其,2.,动词不定式在句子中作主语时通常放在句末,而用,it,作形式主语,其结构为:,It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+,动词不定式。,Its so nice to hear your voice.,听到你的声音真高兴。,It is not difficult to work out the problem.,做出这道题并不难。,【典例精析】,It takes me half an hour _ the piano every day.,A.playB.playingC.to play,答案:,C,。,解析:,it,是形式主语,动词不定式是真正的主语。,It takes sb.some time to do sth.,,做某事花费某人多长时间。,2.动词不定式在句子中作主语时通常放在句末,而用it作形,考点二 动词不定式作宾语,1.,一些动词后可跟动词不定式作宾语。这类动词主要有:,want,,,wish,,,like,,,decide,,,help,,,try,,,begin,,,forget,,,learn,,,ask,,,agree,,,hope,,,promise,等。,2.find,,,think,,,make,,,believe,等动词后跟不定式作宾语时,常用,it,作形式宾语而把真正的宾语动词不定式短语放在句末。,【典例精析】,1.The children decide _ their school yard this Friday afternoon.,A.cleanB.to cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned,解析:,decide,后接动词不定式作宾语,意为“决定做某事”。,答案:,B,。,考点二 动词不定式作宾语解析:decide后接动词不定式作,2.At times,parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children.,A.talkB.talkedC.talkingD.to talk,解析:,find+it+adj.,(,+for sb.,),+to do sth.,发现做某事是,的,,it,作形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。,答案:,D,。,考点三 动词不定式作宾语补足语,2.At times,parents find it d,新广东专版中考英语专题十一+非谓语动词ppt课件,【典例精析】,Our teacher often asks us _ questions in groups.,discussB.to discuss,C.discussingD.discussed,解析:,ask sb.to do.sth.,要求某人做某事,动词不定式作宾语。,答案:,B,。,考点四 动词不定式的特殊句型,1.too.to.,太,而不能,The boy is too young to look after himself.,那个男孩太小还不能照顾自己。,2.enough to.,足够,He is old enough to go to school.,他到了上学的年龄了。,【典例精析】解析:ask sb.to do.sth.要,3.Why dont you+,不带,to,的不定式,?=Why not+,不带,to,的不定式,?,Why dont you get her a photo album?=Why not get her a photo album?,为什么不给她买个相册呢?,4.had better+(not)+,不带,to,的不定式最好(不),Youd better not stay there today.,你今天最好别待在那儿。,5.Will you please+,不带,to,的不定式,?,你能,吗?,Will you please close the door?,你能把门关上吗?,6.prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.,宁愿做某事而不愿做某事,She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thought behind it rather than receive a lot of money.,她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。,3.Why dont you+不带to的不定式?,【典例精析】,Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains.,A.to goB.going,C.goD.went,解析:,“形容词或副词,+enough to+,动词原形”为固定结构,其意为“足够,可以,”,。,答案:,A,。,【典例精析】解析:“形容词或副词+enough to+动词,考点五 动词不定式作状语,1.,表目的。在强调这种目的状语时,不定式前可加,in order,或,so as,,动词不定式也可放在句首,使其所表示的目的更加明显突出。,2.,表结果。通常有以下结构,too.to.,(太,而不能,);,.enough+,不定式;,be+,形容词,+,不定式;,so.as to.,(如此,以致于)。,3.,表原因。,【典例精析】,1.Vocabulary is important to language learning.Therefore,youd better try different ways you can think of _ words and expressions.,A.rememberB.to rememberC.remembering,解析:,you can think of,为定语,修饰前面的先行词,ways,。动词不定式在这里作目的状语。,答案:,B,。,考点五 动词不定式作状语解析:you can think,2.He hurried back home _ his schoolbag.,fetchedB.to fetch,C.fetchingD.fetches,解析:,动词不定式在这里作目的状语。句意为:他匆忙回家去取书包。,答案:,B,。,2.He hurried back home _,考点六 疑问词,+,动词不定式,疑问代词,who,,,what,,,which,和疑问副词,when,,,where,,,how,等词后可加动词不定式,构成一种特殊的动词不定式短语,可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。,【典例精析】,Excuse me.Could you please tell me _ my car?,Sure.Park it right here.Ill help you.,how to stopB.where to park,C.where to stopD.when to park,解析:,“疑问副词,+,不定式”在句中作宾语。,park,指“停放车辆”,,stop,指“停止、阻止某物、人”,句意为:打扰一下,你能告诉我应该把车停在哪里吗?,答案:,B,。,考点六 疑问词+动词不定式解析:“疑问副词+不定,考点七 动名词与动词不定式,.,只能接动名词的动词,动名词具有名词的功能,在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。常见的可以跟动名词作宾语的动词有:,enjoy,,,finish,,,mind,,,suggest,,,keep,,,give up,等。,He hasnt finished reading the novel.,他还没有看完那部小说。,We must practise speaking English every day.,我们必须每天练习说英语。,.,既可接动词不定式又可接动名词的动词,love,,,like,,,hate,,,prefer,,,begin,,,start,,,need,,,remember,,,forget,,,try,,,stop,等动词后,既可以用动名词作宾语,也可以用动词不定式作宾语,但意义不同。,考点七 动名词与动词不定式,I remembered to post the letter.,我记得要发信。,(,信还没发,),I remembered posting the letter.,我记得发过信了。,(,信已经发了,),He stopped singing.,他停止唱歌。(不再唱),He stopped to sing.,他停下来并开始唱歌。(停下正在做的事,开始唱),.,感官动词后接动词不定式或动名词,感官动词后既可接不带,to,的不定式,也可接动名词;接不定式时指“,(,看到、听到、见到,),全过程”,接动名词时指“瞬间动作”。,I always hear the girl sing in the next room.,我总是听到那个女孩在隔壁房间唱歌。,I heard the girl singing in the next room.,我听到那个女孩正在隔壁房间里唱歌。,I remembered to post the lett,【典例精析】,Dont forget _ the classroom tomorrow afternoon.,Thanks.I wont.,to keep cleanB.cleaning,C.sweepingD.to clean up,解析:,forget,后面跟动词不定式时,意为“忘记要做某事”,表示还没有做某事,,forget,后面跟动名词时,意为“忘记做过某事”,表示已经做了某事。根据时间状语,tomorrow afternoon,可知,事情还没有做,所以用不定式,排除,B,与,C,,,keep clean,意为“保持干净”,,clean up,意为“打扫”。,答案:,D,。,【典例精析】解析:forget后面跟动词不定式时,意为“忘记,考点八 现在分词与过去分词,developing country,发展中国家(,正在发展的,),developed country,发达国家(,已经发展了的,),考点八 现在分词与过去分词developing count,新广东专版中考英语专题十一+非谓语动词ppt课件,新广东专版中考英语专题十一+非谓语动词ppt课件,
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