虚拟语气精讲精练(教育精品)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气精讲精练,虚拟语气,虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,该语法主要用于,if,条件状语从句,也可用于,主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句,等。,通常有三种情况：,与,过去,事实相反。,与,现在,事实相反。,与,将来,事实可能相反。,条件从句,条件从句的谓语形式,主句的,谓语形式,与过去相反,If I(you,he/she,they,we)+had+,过去分词,should/would/could/might+have+,过去分词,例：,If I had come her yesterday,I would have seen him.,如果我昨天来，就会看见他了。,If you had got up earlier,you could have caught the,train.,如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。,与过去相反,If they,had studied hard,they,could have done,it,easily that day.,1.,如果他们以前努力学习的话，那天干的就会容易些。,2.,如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,If he,had not taken,my advice,he,wouldnt have,done,it much better like this.,If I _time last night,I _ to see the,film with you.,had had,would have gone,If he more carefully,he the car,accident yesterday,.,had driven,would not have had,If I how to swim,I,trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,If the staff,had been,more careful,the mall,would,not be,on fire now,.,例句中从句与,过去事实,相反,主句与,现在事实,相反,If you,had asked,him yesterday,you,would,know,what to do now.,NOTES:,条件从句,条件从句的谓语形式,主语的谓语形式,与,现在,相反,If I(you,he/she,they,we)+,动词过去式,should/would/could/might+,动词原形,例：,If I were a teacher,I would be strict with my students.,If I had HIV,I would know because I would feel sick.,had HIV,would feel,were,would be,与,现在,相反,What,would,you do if you,won,the lottery?,If I,won,the lottery,I,would,If I,won,the lottery,I,would,buy an expensive,car.,If I,had,a lot of money,I,would,buy a villa,.,If I,had,a lot of money now,I,would,travel around the,world.,If it,were,fine now,I,would,go shopping.,If I _a teacher,I.,were,条件从句,条件从句的谓语形式,主语的谓语形式,与,将来,相反,If I(you,he/she,they,we)+,动词过去式,If I(you,he/she,they,we)+should+,动词原形,If I(you,he/she,they,we)+were to+,动词原形,should/would/could/might+,动词原形,1.If the teacher,asked,me to solve the problem next,time,I,could try,my best.,2.If he,should fail,in the experiment this time,he,would try,again,.,3.If we,were to panic,we,would not be,able to help.,与,将来,相反,如果你成功了，一切都会好起来。,If,you ,everything,all,right.,If,you ,everything,all,right.,If,you ,everything,all,right.,succeeded,would,be,should succeed,were to succeed,would,be,If he,got,up early,he,would be,on time,wish,In Subjunctive mood,虚拟语气的特殊用法：,1,I wish I,were,as tall as you.,I wish I,were,a bird.,I wish every day,were,my birthday.,I wish/wished I,hadnt,eaten so much watermelon.,I wish it,would,rain tomorrow.,wish,+did(,与事实相反的情况,),+had done(,与过去事实相反,),+would/could/might+do,(,将来不大可能实现的愿望,),另外,Demand,Suggest,Order,Propose,Request,Command,Insist,etc,+(should)do,表示,愿望,、建议、,命令,、,请求,等,2,as if /as though,did,与现在事实相反的,had done,与过去事实相反或想象的事物,He behaves as if he,owned,the house.,(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),He talks about Rome as though he,had been,there himself.,Practice,主语从句,中的虚拟语气,例句,Its,necessary,that we should have a walk now.,我们有必要出去散散步。,Its,natural,that she should do so.,她这样做是很自然的。,Its,important,that we should take good care of the patient.,重要的是我们要照顾好病人。,3,在句型“,It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.,”,中，,that,后面的从句中的谓语动词用：,should+,动词原形,虚拟语气,几个特例,2.,Its(high/right)time that,that,从句要用虚拟语气：,过去时或,should+do,Its time that you,left/should leave,here.,1.,if only,意为：若是,.,那该多好啊,;,真希望,.;,只要,只要,.,就好,表示现在的情况,应用过去式,;,如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态,If only I,had arrived,in time,!,If only she,didnt drive,so fast.,Without,your help,we would not have made such rapid progress.,But for,my brothers help,I would not have finished it on time.,I had to do sth.more important,otherwise,I,might,have helped.,虚拟语气,几个特例,3.,一些介词短语,如,:,but for(,要不是,),without,otherwise(,否则,),等,表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气,1.Alan _ the party if he had gone to London.,A.would have missed B.had missed,C.would miss D.missed,2.It was the drug,，,not the disease,，,that killed the boy.,He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.,A.not take B.shouldnt have taken,C.didnt take D.hadnt taken,Can you finish these exercise,3.Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(,吃得饱,),though his parents feed him very well.,A.get B.getting C.got D.should get,4.He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.,A.had been B.were C.was D.been,5.Have you ever been to Beijing?,-No,but I wish I _.,A.have B.will C.do D.had,6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it,.A.breaks B.has broken,C.were broken D.had been broken,7.(2002,上海高考题,)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love,，,at the age of seven,，,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.,A.wouldn,t,have fallenB.had not fallen,C.should fall D.were to fall,8.If it _ so hard,，,wed go to town.,A.isnt raining B.werent raining,C.doesnt rain D.has rain,9.I wish I _ you yesterday.,A.saw,B.did see,C.had seen,D.were,to see,10.His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan.,A.didn,t agree B.hadn