代词-(高中语法)课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,代词,代词,1,单数,复数,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,人,称,代,词,主格,I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they,宾格,me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them,代词分类,单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人主,2,物,主,代,词,形容词性,my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their,名词性,mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs,反身代词,myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ours-elves,yours-elves,them-,selves,物形容词性myyourhis,her,itsouryou,3,指示代词,this,that,these,those,疑问代词,what,which,who,whom,whose,关系代词,that,which,who,whose,as,连接代词,who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever,指示代词this,thatthese,those疑问代词,4,不定代词,all,both,either,other,another,one,each,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,none,no one,more,most,复合不定代词,someone,anyone,something,anything,nothing,everything,everyone,nobody,相互代词,宾格,each other,one another,所有格,each others,one anothers,all,both,either,other,anot,5,考点梳理,考点梳理,6,一、人称代词,人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中作主语、表语等成，宾格在句中作动词、介词宾语、同位语等成分，有时也可作表语。不仅指人，也可指物，有人称和数的变化。,人称代词，物主代词，反身代词,一、人称代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词,7,【注意】在连词than和as引导的比较状语从句中常常省略从句，只保留人称代词，人称代词作主语时要用主格，在口语中也常用宾格；但当人称代词后有动词时就必须用主格。,如：,My sister speaks English,as well as me/I,.(口语中常用me),My sister speaks English,as well as I do,.(此时只能用I),【注意】在连词than和as引导的比较状语从句中常常省略从句,8,二、物主代词,1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词,性物主代词，必须与所指的名词在人称、数和性别方面保持一致。,如：,The waiters,offered,their,food to the homeless man.,【注意】单数阳性名词和单数阴性名词连用作主语时，如果前面有every，each修饰，谓语动词用单数，代词用his。,如：,二、物主代词,9,2.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作,名词或动名词的定语。,e.g.This is,our,classroom.,Would you mind,my,opening the,window?,Each,boy and,each,girl wants to lend,his,raincoat to the soldiers.,2.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，只能作Each boy,10,3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代,词名词”，可单独作主语、宾语、表,语。此外，名词性物主代词还可与名词及,of连用，构成双重所有格。,如：,This is her coat.,Mine,is over there.,Some friends of mine,will attend my birthday party.,3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代,11,三、反身代词,1.反身代词通常在enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce,seat,dress,express,amuse,behave等动词和by,for,to,of等介词后作宾语。,如：,He was left at home,by himself,the whole,day yesterday.,三、反身代词,12,2.反身代词可以作主语的同位语，主要起加,强语气的作用，意为“亲自，本人，亲,身”。,e.g.The teacher and pupils mended the,road themselves,.,3.反身代词可以在be,feel,look,seem等系动,词后作表语，表示身体或精神状态处于正,常。,e.g.You look pale.Whats wrong with you?,Im not feeling,myself,today,not,serious,though.,2.反身代词可以作主语的同位语，主要起加,13,注意,(1)反身代词本身不能单独作主语。,(正)I,myself,drove the car.我自己开车。,(误),Myself,drove the car.,(2)在由and,or,nor连接的并列主语中，第,二个主语可用反身代词，特别是myself,作主语。,e.g.Charles and,myself,saw it.,(3)在不强调的情况下，but,except,for等介,词后宾语用反身代词或人称代词均可。,e.g.No one but,myself/me,is hurt.,注意,14,4.反身代词的习惯搭配,介词+反身代词,for oneself 为自己；亲自地,to oneself 对自己；独用,of oneself 自动地,by oneself 独自地,4.反身代词的习惯搭配,15,(2)动词反身代词,dress oneself 自己穿衣,make oneself at home 不要客气,seat oneself=be seated 就坐,teach oneself 自学,come to oneself 苏醒,devote oneself to=be devoted to 致力于,enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得高兴,help oneself to 自行取用，请自便,(2)动词反身代词,16,accustom oneself to=be accustomed to 习惯于,amuse oneself 消遣，自娱,behave oneself 表现良好,apply oneself to sth.致力于,explain oneself 说明自己的意图,express oneself 表达自己的思想,abandon oneself to 沉迷于，放纵,accustom oneself to=be accusto,17,一、指示代词,指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词，表示“这个（些）”、“那个（些）”。,1.指上文提到的事物，一般用that，有时也用this；指下文将要提到的事物，常用this或these。,如：,He said I was lying,and,that,was unfair.,(that指代上文He said I was lying),What I want you to remember is,this,：,Practise makes perfect.,(此句中this指代下文，不能换为that),指示代词，相互代词，疑问代词和不定代词,一、指示代词指示代词，相互代词，疑问代词和不定代词,18,2.that/those可作定语从句的先行词，但,this/these不能；其中those可指人，但that,不能。,如：,She has known,that,which she wanted to,know.,I admire,those,who are always helping,others.,(those作定语从句的先行词，指人),2.that/those可作定语从句的先行词，但,19,二、相互代词,相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，只有each other和one another两个词组，都表示“互相，相互”。,1.each other和one another在句中可以作动词,或介词的宾语。,如：,Lets help,each other,and learn from,each,other,.,They looked at,one another,and laughed.,2.作定语时each other和one another须用,所有格，表示“彼此的”。,如：,We said hello to,one anothers/each,others,family.,二、相互代词,20,三、疑问代词,疑问代词是用来进行提问，构成特殊疑问句的词，包括who,whom,whose,what,which等。,1.疑问代词后接ever的用法。,(1)whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever,表泛指，意为“无论”。,如：,You have our support,whatever,you,decide.,Whichever,of you gets here first will get,the prize.,I dont want to see them,whoever,they,are.,三、疑问代词,21,(2)置于疑问代词后，用于加强语气。如：,Whatever,do you mean?,Whoever,heard of such a thing!,(2)置于疑问代词后，用于加强语气。如：,22,2.疑问代词的单复数形式要由所代表的人或事,物的单复数形式来确定，如果不清楚代表的,人或物是复数还是单数，则谓语动词多用单,数形式。who/what/which作主语时，谓语动,词既可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。,如：,What,he needs most,is,his mothers love.,What,we need,are,good books.,2.疑问代词的单复数形式要由所代表的人或事,23,四、不定代词,1）不定代词可分为两类：,a.由body,one,thing构成的复合不定代词,人,物,某,someone/somebody,something,任何,anyone/anybody,anything,每个，所有,everyone/everybody,everything,没有,no one/nobody,nothing,四、不定代词人物某someone/somebodysom,24,b.some,any,both,none,either,neither,all,one,each,many,much,another,other,more,most,few,little等。,2）不定代词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表,语、同位语、定语或状语。如：,One,should be careful when crossing the street.,Tess went and said goodbye to,all,her favourite,cows,touching each of them with her hand.,He was little or,nothing of,a translator.,In that case,well,each,pay half.,Theres still,some,wine in the bottle.,It was,nothing,like what I had imag