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,语法专题突破,语法专题二代词,核心考点,专项训练,语法专题二代词,语法专题二代词,-,2,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,1,.(2019,天津卷,单项填空改编,)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than,who are not.,those,句意,:,一项研究表明参与课外活动的学生比那些不参与的更快乐。这里指那些不参与课外活动的学生们,所以用,those,。,2,.(2018,全国,语篇填空,)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find,(they)alive.,them,分析句子成分可知,所填的词做,find,的宾语,故用代词的宾格,them,。,-2-高考感悟考点归纳1.(2019天津卷,单项填空改编),-,3,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,3,.(2017,全国,语篇填空,)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using,every day.,it,it,在这里指代前面提到的名词,the,railway,。,4,.(2016,四川,语篇填空,)By that time,the panda no longer needed,(it)mother for food.,its,its,在此处修饰其后的名词,mother,故此处用,it,的形容词性物主代词,its,做定语。,-3-高考感悟考点归纳3.(2017全国,语篇填空)Ho,-,4,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,-4-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九,-,5,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,注意,形容词性物主代词通常,用,作,定语,修饰名词,如,:her,father,她的父亲。,“of(,介词,)+,名词性物主代词,(,或名词所有格,)”,构成双重所有格,如,:a,friend,of,mine,我的一个朋友。,-5-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九注意形容词性物主代,-,6,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,1,.,指代时间、距离、自然现象等。如,:,It,is half past two now.,现在两点半。,(,指时间,),It,is 6 miles to the nearest hospital.,离最近的医院有六英里。,(,指距离,),It,is very cold in the room.,房间很冷。,(,指温度,),-6-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九1.指代时间、距离、,-,7,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,2,.,指代前面所提到过的事物、群体、想法、性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。如,:,Who,s that at the door?,门口那人是谁,?,It,is the milkman.,是送奶工。,(it,指代性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人,),I,ve broken a plate.,我打碎了一个盘子。,It,(=Breaking the plate)doesn,t matter.,没关系。,(it,指前面所提到过的事情,),-7-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九2.指代前面所提到过,-,8,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,3,.it,可以,用,作,形式,主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面,真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动词,-,ing,形式和不定式充当。如,:,It,is said that all of them have gone to the cinema.,据说他们都去看电影了。,No matter where he is,he makes,it,a rule to go out for a walk before breakfast.,无论在哪儿,他总是习惯在早餐前出去散步,。,-8-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九3.it可以用作形式,-,9,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,4,.it,用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词,(,短语,),尤其是表示好恶的动词,(,短语,),后面,如,:enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,don,t mind,be fond of,feel like,see to,后,即这些动词,(,短语,),后面的宾语从句前要加,it,。如,:,I,d appreciate,it,if you could help me.,如果你能帮我,我会感激不尽。,5,.it,的固定结构,:make it;get it;see to it that;put it,。如,:,If you put your heart into it,you can,make,it,.,如果你全心全意地去做,你会成功的。,-9-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九4.it用在不能直接,-,10,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,1,.it,特指上文所提到的同一事物,它所代替的名词常由,the,this,that,等修饰。,one,泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个,不特指,相当于,a/an+,单数名词,;ones,泛指上文提到的同类事物的复数名词,;the one,特指前面的可数名词单数,有时可以用,that,来代替,(,尤其是后面有后置定语时,);the ones,特指上文提到的复数名词,有时可以用,those,代替,尤其在有后置定语的情况下。,that,特指前面出现的单数名词或不可数名词,相当于,“the+,可数名词单数,/,不可数名词,”;that,的复数形式为,those,替代可数名词复数,既可指人也可指物。,-10-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九1.it特指上文所,-,11,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldn,t find it.So I had to buy,one,.(it,指代,my pen;one,替代,a pen),昨天我丢了钢笔而且没找到。所以我不得不再买一支。,The books on the desk are better than,those/the,ones,under the desk.(those/the ones,替代,the books),桌子上的书要比桌子下面的好。,No,pleasure can equal,that,of a cool drink on a hot day.,没有什么能比得上在炎热的天气里喝上一杯冷饮那样快乐。,(that,替代,pleasure),-11-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九Yesterday,-,12,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,2,.that,和,one,的主要区别,:,that,既可替代可数名词单数,也可替代不可数名词,常有后置定语,一般不指人,复数形式为,those;one,只能替代可数名词单数,复数形式为,ones,。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时,只能用,one,不用,that,。当,of,短语做可数名词单数的后置定语时,用,that,不用,one,。,The quality of education in this small school is better than,that,in some larger schools.,这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的,学校好,。,If you,re buying today,s paper from the stand,could you get,one,for me?,如果你从摊上买今天的报纸,能给我捎一份吗,?(one,替代,a paper,一份报纸,),-12-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九2.that和on,-,13,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,指示代词是用来指代或标记人或事物的代词,有,this,that,these,those,。,this,that,是单数,these,those,是复数。指示代词可以在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语等。,This,is what I want to say.,这就是我想要说的。,That,was twenty years ago.,那是二十年前的事了。,These,are not my books.,这些不是我的书。,Those,are her papers.,那些是她的试卷。,-13-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九指示代词是用来指代,-,14,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,1,.both(,两者都,),either(,两者中的任何一个,),neither(,两者都不,),。以上这些词使用范围为两者。,John and Mary have,both,won the prizes.,约翰和玛丽都得了奖。,I,ve lived in New York and Chicago,but don,t like,either,of them very much.,我曾经在纽约和芝加哥居住过,但是这两个城市我都不是很喜欢。,The research group produced two reports based on the survey,but,neither,contained any useful suggestions.,这个调查组在调查的基础上提供了两份报告,但是没有一份包含有用的建议。,-14-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九1.both(两者,-,15,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,2,.both,与复数名词连用,either,与单数名词连用。,There are flowers on,both,sides of the street.,街道两旁都有花。,There are flowers on,either,side of the street.,街道的每一边都有花,。,-15-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九2.both与复数,-,16,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,3,.all(,所有的,全部的人或物,),any(,任何一个,),none(,都不,),。以上词使用范围为三者或三者以上。,All,the students in my class like our teachers.,我们班的所有学生都喜欢我们的老师。,Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years,she lost,none,of her enthusiasm for life.,虽然罗斯玛丽患上这种严重的疾病多年,但是她一点儿也没有失去对生活的热情。,4,.each,可指两者,也可指两者以上。,They,each,have a car.,他们都有车。,-16-高考感悟考点归纳一三二四五七六八九3.all(所有的,-,17,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,一,三,二,四,五,七,六,八,九,1,.no,不能单独使用,相当于,not a,或,not any,做定语修饰可数名词或不可数名词。,He has,no,worry about safety.,他一点也不为安全担心。,2,.none,既可以指人,也可以指物,侧重指三者或三者以上的人或物,可与介词,of,连用,用于回答,how many
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