西方建筑简介(课堂)课件

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Western Architecture,1,Western Architecture1,Outlines:,Ancient Greek And Roman Architecture,Gothic Architecture,Renaissance Architecture,Baroque Architecture,Modern Architecture,2,Outlines:Ancient Greek And Rom,Ancient Greek And Roman Architecture,In the time of the Greeks,religious mystery skipped the confines of the temple-palace compounds and was the subject of the people,Greek civic life was sustained by new,open spaces called the agora which were surrounded by public buildings,stores and temples,The architectural style that has shaped Western architecture ever since ancient Greece.Characterized by architectural elements such as columns and orders,3,Ancient Greek And Roman Archit,Parthenon temple,Temple of Concordia,4,Parthenon templeTemple of Conc,Roman Architecture,The Romans were very practical people and were more interested in law,government and engineering than art,They were clever architects and city planners and we still benefit from their contributions,The Romans figured out how to make concrete which is a mixture of sand,minerals and small pebbles,5,Roman ArchitectureThe Romans w,The Pantheon,Triumphal Arch,6,The PantheonTriumphal Arch6,Classical Architecture,These are the basic parts of a Greek or Roman building:,Cornice,Pediment,Frieze,Columns,7,Classical Architecture,Gothic Architecture,Gothic architecture began mainly in France,where architects were inspired by Romanesque architecture and the pointed arches of Spanish Moorish architecture,Its easy to recognize Gothic buildings because of their arches,ribbed vaulting,flying buttresses,elaborate sculptures and stained glass windows,They marked it as“Gothic”to suggest it was the crude work of German barbarians,8,Gothic ArchitectureGothic arch,Pointed Arch(尖肋拱顶),Flying Buttress(,飞扶壁),9,Pointed Arch(尖肋拱顶)Flying Buttr,Stained Glass(花窗玻璃),Beam-Column(束柱),10,Stained Glass(花窗玻璃)Beam-Column,St.Patricks Cathedral,Notre Dame de Paris,11,St.Patricks CathedralNotre D,Renaissance Architecture,During the Renaissance,architects were inspired by the symmetrical and,well-balanced buildings of Greece and Rome,Flat roofs,coffered ceilings,Roman arches and capitals,Reflected the return of interest in the great monuments of antiquity,12,Renaissance Architecture12,Church of Santa Croce,Louvre,13,Church of Santa CroceLouvre13,Interior of Amiens,Interior of Pantheon,14,Interior of AmiensInterior of,Baroque Architecture,Elements of the Baroque architecture are complicated decorations,paintings and contrasts between light and shadow,In Italy,where it started,the style is reflected in dramatic churches with irregular shapes,huge domes and extravagant ornamentation,In France is highly decorated combined with classical features.Sacred buildings and chateaux were typical for this style,15,Baroque ArchitectureElements o,Trevi Fountain,Palace of Versailles,16,Trevi FountainPalace of Versai,Saint Peters Basilica,17,Saint Peters Basilica17,Modern Architecture,Modern architecture is a term given to a number of building styles with similar characteristics,primarily the simplification of form and the elimination of ornament,that first arose around 1900.,By the 1940s these styles had been consolidated and identified as the International Style and became the dominant architectural style,particularly for institutional and corporate building,for several decades in the twentieth century.,The exact characteristics and origins of modern architecture are still open to interpretation and debate,18,Modern ArchitectureModern arch,Some styles of modernism,Functionalism,Expressionist Architecture,Googie Architecture,Postmodern Architecture,Critical Regionalism,International style,19,Some styles of modernismFuncti,Functionalism,In architecture,is the principle that architects should design a building based on the purpose of that building,This statement is less self-evident than it first appears,and is a matter of confusion and controversy within the profession,particularly in regard to modern architecture,20,FunctionalismIn architecture,The tower of the Helsinki Olympic Stadium,Auditorium,Aarhus University,21,The tower of the Helsinki Olym,Expressionist Architecture,Expressionist architecture was an architectural movement that developed in Northern Europe during the first decades of the 20th century in parallel with the expressionist visual and performing arts.,The style was characterized by an early-modernist adoption of novel materials,formal innovation,and very unusual massing,sometimes inspired by natural biomorphic forms,sometimes by the new technical possibilities offered by the mass production of brick,steel and especially glass,Many expressionist architects fought in World War I and their experiences,combined with the political turmoil and social uphe