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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Unit 8,It must belong to Carla.,Section B,Grammar&Writing,Unit 8Section B,1,2.情态动词的语法特征1 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2 情态动词 除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。3 情态动词没有人称、数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。,4 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式、分词等形式。,1.情态动词的定义:表示可能、疑心、允诺、,愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。,情态动词的用法,Grammar,2.情态动词的语法特征1 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已,2,表推测的情态动词must,may,can,could,might等可以用来表示推测和判断。具体用法如下:,:must意为“一定;准是。表示说话人对事物的推测可能性的程度非常大。,“must be+表语意为“一定,表示对现在情况的推测。,eg:I cant understand them.They must be foreigners.,表示推测的情态动词,表推测的情态动词must,may,can,3,“must be+现在分词意为“一定正在,表示对说话瞬间情况的推测。,eg:She must be cooking now because I can smell something delicious.,“must have+过去分词意为“一定已经,表示对过去情况的推测。,eg:I cant find my keys.I must have left them at home.,“must be+现在分词意为“一定正在,表示对,4,2.may:may表示推测,语气没有表示推测的must语气强,意为“也许,may not,意为“也许不。,常见句型为:“may be+表语意为“有可能,表示对现在的可能推测。,eg:He may be angry because he looks unhappy.,2.may:may表示推测,语气没有表示推测的mu,5,3.can:can表示推测时,常用于否认句、疑问句中,cant意为“不可能;应该不是。,常用句型为:“can/cant be+表语意为“不可能,表示对现在情况的推测。,eg:That cant be Maria,because shes in hospital.,Theres someone outside.Who can it be?,3.can:can表示推测时,常用于否认句、疑问句中,6,4.could/might:如果表示推测的把握性不是很大时,用could或might。它们常用于肯定句或疑问句中,意为“也许;可能。,eg:He might be doing his homework now.,Could the news be true?,4.could/might:如果表示推测的把握性不是很大时,7,1.Excuse me,whose book is this?,It,be Johns.It has his name on it.,A.must,B.need,C.cant,2.The man_be my English teacher.He has,gone to Canada.,A.might,B.must,C.cant,3.After a long walk,the old man,be tired now.,A.cant,B.must C.has to D.need,一、单项选择。,A,Practice,C,B,1.Excuse me,whose book is th,8,4.I think the girl under the tree must be Alice.,No,it,be her.Shes in the gym now.,A.cant,B.mustnt,C.may,get here in time,but I am not sure.,A.must,C.can,A,B,4.I think the girl under the,9,Writing,本单元写作是讲述一件发生在周围的奇怪的事,同时运用表推测的情态动词对事情进行解密。把握好情态动词以及事件的逻辑顺序是写好作文的关键。,Writing本单元写作是讲述一件发生在周围的奇怪的事,,10,常用句型归纳如下:,1.,something strange happened in;,2.must be;,3.,cant be;,4.,might be,常用句型归纳如下:,11,假设今天是星期天,你正在家里午睡,突然听到敲门声,请你根据表格中的信息,写一篇短文来判断是谁,并给出判断理由。,要求:,1.,短文流畅、连贯;,2.6080,词。开头已给出,,不计入总词数。,假设今天是星期天,你正在家里午睡,突然听到敲门声,请你根,12,Inference(,推断),Reason,parents(impossible),being at home,thief(impossible),being afraid,neighbor(possible),wanting some help,aunt(certainly),coming to visit us,There is a loud knock at the door,Inference(推断)Reasonparents(i,13,【各档次的给分范围和要求】,一类13-15分:写出全部内容要点,语句流畅。根本无语法和词汇方面的错误,少数错误主要是由于较高级词汇或复杂结构所致。词数到达要求。根本无单词拼写及标点错误。,二类10-12分:写出大局部要点类容。语句较流畅。有少量语法和词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解。有少量单词拼写及标点错误。,【各档次的给分范围和要求】,14,三类7-9分:写出局部要点。语句根本通顺。有一些语法和词汇错误,有少量单词及标点错误。,四类4-6分:写出少量内容要点,语句不通顺。语法、词汇、单词拼写、标点错误较多。只有少量句子表达正确。,五类0-3分:根本上没有写出内容要点,语法、词汇、单词拼写错误较多。根本上没有通顺的句子。只写出一些单词,不知所云。,【说明】1、要点可用不同方式表达。2、对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。凡不写任何内容,抄袭、所写内容无法看清者一律给0分。,三类7-9分:写出局部要点。语句根本通顺。有一些语法和词,15,初中英语作文评分档次,1.总分15分,按5个档次给分。,2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量,确定或调整档次,最后给分。,3.总词数缺乏的,可在此题总得分中扣去1分。,4.评分时应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和正确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。,初中英语作文评分档次1.总分15分,按5个档次给分。,16,经典示范,There is a loud knock at the door.The knock wakes me up.Who is it?It cant be my father or mother,because they are both staying at home.It cant be a thief.The thief is afraid,,,and its impossible for him to knock at the door.It may be my neighbor.Maybe he wants some help.Oh,it must be my aunt.She often comes to visit us on Sunday.,经典示范There is a loud knock at,17,Thank you!,Than,18,1.,定义:,在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。,eg:She prefers friends who are outgoing.,I still remember the summer holiday that we spent together.,2.,先行词:,被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,Grammar,定语从句,1.定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从,19,3.,关系词:,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有,that,which,who,whom,whose,;关系副词有,where,when,等。,关系词有三个作用:,(1),引导定语从句;,(2),代替先行词;,(3),在定语从句中充当一个成分。,3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词,20,引导定语从句的关系代词:,成分先行词,主语,宾语,定语,人,who/,that,who/whom/that,whose,of whom,物,which/,that,which/that,whose,of which,引导定语从句的关系代词:成分先行词主语宾语定语人who/w,21,指人,在定语从句中作主语。,The boys who are playing football are from Class One.,踢足球的那些男孩是一班的。,指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,可省略。,Mr Lin is just the man(whom)I want to see.,林老师正是我想见的人。,注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,也可以省略。,The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.,你刚刚见到的那个人是我的朋友。,指人,在定语从句中作主语。,22,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。,This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.,这是他昨天买的那支钢笔。,指人时,相当于,who,或,whom,;,指物时,相当于,which,。,that,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。,Where is the man(that/whom)I saw this morning?,我今天上午见到的那个人在哪儿?,可以指人,也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。,He has a friend whose father is a doctor.,他有一位朋友,他的父亲是一名医生。,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。,23,6.定语从句的关系代词只能用that而不用which的几种情况:,(1)领先行词是anything,everything,nothing(something 除外),few,all,none,little,some等不定代词时,或由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。,There is little that I can do for you.我几乎不能为你做任何事。,6.定语从句的关系代词只能用that而不用which的几种情,24,注意:领先行词指人时,也可以用who。,Any man that/who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.,但凡有点责任感的人都不会做这种事。,(2)领先行词被序数词修饰时。,The first place that they visited in London was Big Ben.他们在伦敦参观的第一站是大本钟。,注意:领先行词指人时,也可以用who。,25,(3)领先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。,This is the best fi
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