核能与核安全(英文版)

YOUR SITE HERE,*,Nuclear energy and nuclear safety,YOUR SITE HERE,The main content,1,、,What is nuclear energy,2,、,Use of nuclear energy,3,、,All of the nuclear concerns,4,、,Advantages of nuclear energy,5,、,The current nuclear security measures,6,、,The conclusions,7,、,References,Nuclear energy is released from the nucleus through the conversion of its quality.,1,、,What is nuclear energy,Nuclear reactions may be induced by bombardment with a wide variety of particles.,Chain reaction,YOUR SITE HERE,Ways of developing nuclear energy have two:one is the,fission of heavy elements,such as the fission of uranium,Uranium ore,Fission,the other is the,fusion of light elements,such as deuterium,tritium,and so on,Fusion,Fission of heavy elements techniques,have been practical application,And light elements in fusion technology,is also being actively developed.,Tokamak,Human reality uses of nuclear energy began in the war.,2,、,Use of nuclear energy,little boy,YOUR SITE HERE,China also have our own nuclear bombs,hydrogen bombs,nuclear submarines.,The human development and utilization of nuclear energy is mainly developed nuclear power,relative to other forms of energy,nuclear energy has distinct advantages.,In 1954,the former Soviet Union built an experimental nuclear power station;,in 1957,the United States had successfully built nuclear power plant.,The world nuclear power distribution,In the 30 countries that now have nuclear power,the proportion of nuclear power changes greatly.,Up to,80,percent from France,Belgium,52,South Korea,39,Switzerland,37,Japan,29,United States,20,South Africa,4,and China,2,.,Besides radiotherapy is one of the applications of nuclear energy.,Nuclear magnetic resonance equipment,We ordinary people know about nuclear power plant is basically negative.Biggest problem is the concern that nuclear power plants vulnerable to security issues.,3,、,All of the nuclear concerns,The Soviet Union in 1986 of the,Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident,Japans Fukushima nuclear power plant accident,in 2011,had increased peoples worries.,Chernobyl,Fukushima,Nuclear power is,concentrated,clean,safe,and,economical,energy.,4,、,Advantages of nuclear energy,Dayawan nuclear power plant French special Likasitan nuclear power plant,First,nuclear energy is a high,concentrated,energy,especially suitable for lack of conventional energy sources and electricity-starved region,not limited by fuel for transport,。,As Chinas southeast and south region.,1kg U =2700 tons of coal,Meanwhile,nuclear power is,clean,energy and to protect the environment.Nuclear power generation unlike fossil fuel power plants that emit huge amounts of pollutants into the atmosphere.,And after decades of development and improvement of nuclear energy,nuclear power plants has become,one of the security sector,.Since first nuclear power station is built,more than 400 nuclear power plants in operation around the world,but they are basically safe and normal in more than 30 years,。,The consequences of the Chernobyl nuclear accident was very serious,but,the accident was caused by human factors.The direct cause of the accident was,due to mishandling,during a test.,The,root cause,of the accident was Tokyo Electric Power Company taking into account,economic factors,at the,beginning,of the accident,，,refused to pump water into the reactor core.,Until a week later when tried to water the Core,，,but the time was,late,because gathered a large amount of heat and radiation eventually caused the explosion.,Nuclear energy is the,economical,energy.Because the fuel cost and the transportation cost is low.As the technology is constantly improving and enhancing,，,nuclear power plant will also continue to lower costs.,And nuclear power generation cost less,affected by international economic.,.situation,For example,a coal-fired power plants with installed capacity of 1 million kw,coal consumption is,2.5 million tons,a year.A nuclear power station of the same size,annual consumes,25 tons,of low-enriched uranium.,the emissions from waste,carbon dioxide,sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides,coal ash,6.5 million tons,17,000 tons,4,000 tons,280,000 tons,Nuclear power plants now mainly uses a,defense-in-depth strategy,the first layer of defense is the,fuel cladding,5,、,The current nuclear security measures,the fuel cladding,the second layer of defense is the,primary circuit pressure boundary,primary circuit Pressure boundary,the third layer of defense is the containment.,containment,Steel,40m,H 60m,In accordance with the method of,determining theory,and,probability theory,personal risks of nuclear power plants is:Every 100 years due to reactor accidents killed,4 people,far below the traffic accident,fire,air crash,the Tornados.,Science has shown that nuclear power on the public health impact is far,less,than many health risks encountered in daily life.,Around the nuclear power plant,50,micro West/,year,X ray detection,600 micro West/,time,Flights to and from New York,200 micro West/,time,C