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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,1,英语基础语法复习巩固,1英语基础语法复习巩固,2,一、词性的分类,2一、词性的分类,3,一、词性的分类,词类又叫词性（,part of speech,），英语单词根据其,在句子中的功用，可以分十个大类。,1,名词,noun,n.,2,代词,pronoun,pron.,3,形容词,adjective,adj.,4,副词,adverb,adv.,5,动词,verb,v.,6,数词,numeral,num.,7,冠词,article,art.,8,介词,preposition,prep.,9,连词,conjunction,conj.,10,感叹词,interjection,interj.,3一、词性的分类词类又叫词性（part of speech）,4,其他词性缩写,?,c=,可数名词，,countable noun,的缩写,?,u=,不可数名词，,uncountable noun,的缩写,?,pl=,复数，,plural,的缩写,?,vi=,不及物动词，,intransitive verb,的缩写,?,vt=,及物动词，,transitive verb,的缩写,4其他词性缩写?c=可数名词，countable nou,5,you,你,happy,高兴的,three,三,quickly,迅速地,student,学生,cut,砍、割,a,一个,at,在,.,and,和,oh,哦,pron.,adj.,num.,adv.,n.,v.,art.,prep.,conj.,interj.(,感叹词,),Ex.Write down the part of speech of the,following words:,5you 你happy 高兴的three 三quickly,6,十大词类,名词,-,表示人或事物的名称,形容词,-,表示人或事物的特征,副词,-,修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词,动词,-,表示动作或状态,代词,-,代替名词、数词,数词,-,表示数量或顺序,冠词,-,限制名词的意义,介词,-,表示名词、代词和其他词的关系,连词,-,连接词与词或句与句,6十大词类名词-表示人或事物的名称形容词-,7,二、英语句子成分,7二、英语句子成分,8,（一）主语：,一个句子所叙述的主体，表示,句子所说的是：“什么人”或“什么事物”,1.We often speak English in class.,2.Smoking does harm to the health.,3.The rich should help the poor.,4.It is necessary to master a foreign,language.,1.,一般位于句首或谓语之前。,8（一）主语：一个句子所叙述的主体，表示句子所说的是：“什么,9,Is your father a lawyer or a doctor?,Has she got a big flat?,Shall we have a swim with your friends?,2.,疑问句的主语在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后,Sit down,please.,Come in,please.,3.,祈使句中主语常省略,9Is your father a lawyer or a,10,Gone,are the days when farmers live in the,poor houses.,No sooner,had she given him a welcome,than,she went in to prepare him a meal.,Only,in this way can we solve the problem.,There is a clock on the wall.,Once there lived a king called Lear.,There goes the bell!,倒装句的主语在系动词、助动词、情态动词之后,There be,结构中主语在,be,动词之后,10Goneare the days when farmer,11,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（动名词）,（从句）,1.One-third is produced,.,2.Running,does good to the health.,3.When we are going to have an English test,has not been decided.,4.During the 1990s,American,country,music,has become more and more popular.,5.To swim,in the river is a great pleasure.,6.The rich,should help the poor.,7.It,is necessary,to master a foreign,language,.,8.We,often speak English in class.,（不定式）,（名词化的形容词）,（,it,作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）,11（名词）（代词）（数词）（动名词）（从句）1.One-,12,1.Honest is a fine quality of human beings and,therefore we should not tell lies.,2.Help others is to help ourselves.,3.Do a lot of housework day and night made,Catherine become weaker and weaker.,4.Liuxiang got the first place in the 2004 Olympic,Games shocked people all over the world.,5.In my opinion,visit universities is just a popular,culture.,单句改错（只有一处错误）。,121.Honest is a fine quality,13,（二）谓语：,1,、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。,He,practices,running every morning.,She,takes good care of,her sick mother,.,2,、复合谓语：,（,1,）情态动词,+,动词原形。,He,can speak,French very fluently.,She,doesn,t seem,to like dancing.,（,2,）系动词,+,表语。,The film,is interesting,.,He,looked a bit excited,.,13（二）谓语：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。He,14,6.It is warm here all the year round because,Guangzhou located in the middle of,Guangdong province.,7.To get prepared for the Asian Games,Guangzhou built 82 sports courts so far.,8.It not only have a lot of high-rise building,but is also famous for the scenic spots.,9.Can it attracts the tourists from home and,abroad?,单句改错（只有一处错误）。,146.It is warm here all the y,15,（三）宾语：,宾语表示,动作的对象或承受者,，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。,1.They went to see,an exhibition,yesterday.,2.Please take,them,to the waiting room.,3.I have,three,.,4.They helped,the old,with their housework,yesterday.,5.He pretended,not to see me,.,6.Mary enjoys,playing the piano,.,7.I think,（,that,）,he is fit for his office.,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（名词化形容词）,（不定式短语）,（动名词短语）,（从句）,15（三）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词,16,（,1,）,双宾语（间接宾语,+,直接宾语）,Lend,me,your dictionary,please.,（,2,）,复合宾语（宾语,+,宾补）,They elected,him,their monitor,.,We consider,the answer,wrong,.,16（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）Lend meyour,17,（四）表语：,表语用以说明主语的身份、特征,和状态，它一般位于,系动词,之后。,1.Yang Liwei is an astronaut.,2.Thats all I want to tell you.,3.Three times four is twelve.,4.The weather has turned warm.,5.The speech is exciting and the students are excited.,6.His hobby is playing football.,7.My job is to teach English.,8.Our teacher isnt in.He is out.,9.He is in good health.,10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.,17（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位,18,系动词：,描述稳定状态：,be,描述变化或结果：,get,become,turn,grow,go,prove,fall,描述表象或感官效果：,look,appear,seem,smell,taste,sound,feel,描述持续状态,：,keep,stay,remain,18系动词：描述稳定状态：be描述变化或结果：get,be,19,（五）定语：,起修饰作用，翻译成“,的”,1.He is a clever boy.,2.Your hair needs cutting.,3.Theres only one way to do it.,4.There is a baby girl.,5.We can not use sleeping pills at random.,6.The retired worker find life boring.,7.Thats the way to do it.,8.This is a map of China.,9.Can you help me to clean the room above.,10.The car thats parked outside is mine.,19（五）定语：起修饰作用，翻译成“的”1.He is,20,状语,(,副词,),的位置：,1.She speaks French fluently.,2.I usually,eat breakfast at home.,3.You neednt,always,help me.,4.He is always,complainin
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