高中英语五种基本句型课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Grammar,sentences,start!,Grammarsentencesstart!,句子按其,结构,分，可分为以下三类：,1),简单句,Simple Sentence,He was a little man.,2),并列句,Compound Sentence,He was a little man with thick glasses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.,3),复合句,Complex Sentence,He,who was Pauls Chemistry teacher,was a little man with thick glasses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.,句子按其结构分，可分为以下三类：1)简单句 Simple,句子按其,用途,分，可分为以下四类,1),陈述句,：用以陈述事实，分为,肯定句,和,否定句,2),疑问句,：用以提出问题，分为,一般疑问句,，,特殊疑问句,，,选择疑问句,和,反意疑问句,3),感叹句,:,用以表达喜怒哀乐等强烈的感情,4),祈使句,:,用以表达请求,命令,劝告或建议,句子按其用途分，可分为以下四类1)陈述句：用以陈述事实,句子成份,主,谓,宾,表,补,定,状,插入语,同位语,句子成份主谓宾表补定状插入语同位语,主语,(subject):,句子说明的人或事物。,The sun rises in the east.,He likes dancing.,Twenty years is a short time in history.,Seeing is believing.,To see is to believe.,What he needs is a book.,It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.,句首,（名词）,（动名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（不定式）,（,主语从句,）,主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。The sun,谓语,(predicate):,说明主语的动作、状态、特征,I can learn English well.,The baby is asleep.,He fell in love.,The guests have arrived.,The sun is shining.,动词或动词短语作谓语,(vt./vi./link-v.),时态、语态的变化,谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态、特征I,宾语,(object),：,动作的承受者,(,置于,vt.,或,prep.,后,),Im watching TV.,She looked at me and smiled.,He won the game.,Tom lost his wife in the big fire.,宾语(object)：动作的承受者(置于vt.或prep.,I like China.,He hates you.,How many do you need?We need two.,I enjoy working with you.,I hope to see you again.,Did you write down what he said?,He lent me a book yesterday.,宾语,(object),：,动作的承受者,(,置于,vt.,或,prep.,后,),I like China.宾语(object)：动作的承受,表语,（,predicative,）,:,系动词之后的成分,，,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。,He is a teacher.,Five and five is ten.,He is asleep.,His father is in.,The picture is on the wall.,My watch is gone/missing/lost.,His dream is to be a doctor.,The question is whether they will come.,（名词）,（数词）,（形容词）,（副词）,（介词短语）,（形容词化的分词）,（不定式）,（,表语从句,）,表语（predicative）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语,定语,(attributive),：,修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子,。,Ms Wu is an English teacher.,He is my old friend.,The first passenger to get on the bus was a woman.,The man over there is my uncle.,The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister.,You should do everything that I do.,位置？,定语(attributive)：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词,状语,(adverbial),：,用来修饰,v.,adj.,adv.,或,句子。,He runs quickly.,It is very important.,He works quite hard.,Unluckily,he failed the exam.,状语(adverbial)：用来修饰v.,adj.,ad,I will leave tomorrow.,The meeting will be held in the meeting room.,The meat went bad because of the hot weather.,He studies hard to learn English well.,He didnt study hard so that he failed in the exam.,状语,(adverbial),：,用来修饰,v.,adj.,adv.,或,句子。,I will leave tomorrow.状语(a,I like you very much.,If you study hard,you will pass the exam.,He goes to school by bike.,Though he is young,he can do it well.,表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。,状语,(adverbial),：,用来修饰,v.,adj.,adv.,或,句子。,I like you very much.,补语,(complement),：,对主语或宾语起补充说明作用,Cant you keep your bed clean?,We elected him monitor.,We found nobody in.,Please make yourself at home.,Dont let him do that.,I told you not to be late.,Dont keep the lights burning.,Ill have my bike repaired.,（形容词）,（名词）,(,副词,),(,介词短语,（省,to,不定式）,（带,to,不定式）,（现在分词）,（过去分词）,补语(complement)：对主语或宾语起补充说明作用Ca,同位语,在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词，对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。,We students should study hard.,We all are students.,插入语,一些在句中插入的结构，如,I think,I believe,等及表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语，如,perhaps,maybe,in fact,certainly,等）。,The story,I think,has never come to the end.,同位语 在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词，对前者加以说明的成分,简单句的五种基本句型,简单句的五种基本句型,基本句型一 主谓结构,主语,+,不及物动词,(S+V),The bell is ringing.,The time passed quickly.,Classesbeginat7everyday.,The birds were flying towards the wood.,注意：,不及物动词（,vi.,）能表达完整的意思,没有宾语,基本句型一 主谓结构 主语+不及物动词(S+V),基本句型二 主谓宾结构,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,(S+V+O),I love you.,We have planted a lot of trees in our school.,He likes reading.(enjoy,love,hate),I want to go home.,注意：,动名词短语、不定式短语作宾语,基本句型二 主谓宾结构 主语+及物动词+宾语(S+,基本句型三 主系表结构,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,(S+V+P),His face turned red.,Computers are useful in peoples life.,He is growing tall and strong.,系动词：,表语多为形容词,基本句型三 主系表结构 主语+系动词+表语(S+V,连系动词类型,1)状态系动词 be,2)持续系动词 keep,remain,stay,continue,lie,stand,3)表象系动词 seem,appear,4)感官系动词 look,smell,taste,sound,feel,5)变化系动词 become,grow,get,turn,fall,go,come,6)终止系动词 prove,turn out,连系动词类型1)状态系动词 be,基本句型四 双宾结构,主语,+,双宾动词,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,(S+V+o+O),He bought me a birthday present.,The waiter gave me a cup of tea.,动词,+,间接宾语,(,人,)+,直接宾语（物）,She showed her new house to us.,Shall I call a taxi for you?,动词,+,直接宾语,+,介词,(to/for)+,间接宾语,常见由,to,连接间接宾语的动词有：,pass,give,show,take,，,send,hand,，,bring,offer,read,lend,tell,return,write,wish,teach,promise,pay,等；,由,for,连接间接宾语的动词有：,buy,cook,get,sing,make,find,do,fetch,reserve,save,play,等,基本句型四 双宾结构 主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,基本句型五 复合宾语结构,主语,+,动词,+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,(S+V+O+C),The war made him a soldier.,Miss Wang told me not to worry.,基本句型五 复合宾语结构 主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语(,补语：对宾语起补充说明作用,Cant you keep your bed clean?,（形容词）,We elected him monitor.,（名词）,We found nobody in.(,副词,),Please make yourself at home.(