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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,人教选修第四册,Unit 2,Iconic Attractions,Learning About Language,过去分词的用法,人教选修第四册,观察上面句子,并说出画线部分的作用,1.fallen snow,_,2.a design made by nature,_,过去分词,作前置定语,过去分词短语,作后置定语。,观察上面句子,并说出画线部分的作用过去分词,作前置定语过,过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。,过去分词保留着动词的部分特性,有完成或被动含义,可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上,过去分词,(,短语,),与形容词或副词作用类似,在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。,一、过去分词作定语,及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成,;,不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动,只表示完成。,过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。,(1),表示被动和完成,a,polluted,river,一条被污染的河流,the,watered,flowers,浇过水的花,(2),只表示完成,不表示被动,fallen,leaves,落叶,the,risen,sun,升起的太阳,(1)表示被动和完成,过去分词作定语,单个的过去分词作定语时,通常放在所修饰词的前面,;,过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。,*,A,watched,pot never boils.,谚语,心急锅不开。,*,The student,dressed in white,is my daughter.,=The student,who is dressed in white,is my daughter.,穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。,过去分词作定语,语法填空,(1)Some of the people,_,(invite)to the party cant come.,(2)The trees,_,(blow)down in the storm have been moved off the road.,(3)The police will come soon to take away the,_,(damage)car.,invited,blown,damaged,语法填空invitedblowndamaged,二、过去分词作表语,位于系动词,(,如,be,get,become,look,feel,seem,等,),之后,多表示主语的状态或状况,它所体现的是形容词的特性。,*,She looks,disappointed,.,她看上去很失望。,*,We were,encouraged,at the news.,听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。,二、过去分词作表语,过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别,过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态,而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。,*,The cup,is broken,.,杯子破了。,(,系表结构,),*The cup,was broken,by Tom.,杯子是被汤姆打破的。,(,被动语态,),过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别,语法填空,(1)I was too,_,(tire)to walk any further.,(2)When he heard the,_,(move)story,he was deeply,_,(move).,(3)Tom was more,_,(surprise)than,_,(disappoint)at this news.,(4)Both he and I are,_,(satisfy)with the result.,tired,moving,moved,surprised,disappointed,satisfied,语法填空tiredmovingmovedsurprisedd,三、过去分词作宾语补足语,过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系,宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。,*,He watched the TV set,carried,out of the room.,他看着电视机被搬出了房间。,*,Last year they had the house,rebuilt,.,去年他们让人重建了房子。,三、过去分词作宾语补足语,几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词,(,短语,),1.,表示感觉或心理状态的动词,(,短语,),如,see,watch,observe,find,look at,hear,listen to,feel,notice,think,等。,*,I,heard,the song sung in English.,我听到有人用英语唱这首歌。,几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语),2.,表示“致、使”意义的动词,如,have,make,get,keep,leave,等。,They managed to,make,themselves understood by using very simple English.,他们用了很简单的英语以使别人能听懂。,Dont,leave,those things undone.,要把那些事情做完。,2.表示“致、使”意义的动词,如have,make,have+,宾语,+,过去分词”的三种含义,(1),表示“让某人做某事”,*,Ill,have my hair cut,tomorrow.,明天我要去理发。,(2),表示“遭遇某种不幸,;,受到打击”,*,He,had his wallet stolen,.,他的钱包被偷了。,(3),做某事,(,主语可能参与其中,),*I,had my house repaired,last week.,上周,我修补了房子。,have+宾语+过去分词”的三种含义,3.,表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词,如,like,want,wish,order,等。,*,The teacher doesnt,wish,such questions(to be)discussed in class.,老师不希望在课堂上讨论这样的问题。,*,The police,finding the film unhealthy,ordered,it banned.,警察发现这部电影不健康,令其禁演。,3.表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词,如like,wa,语法填空,(1)Youd better have your shoes,_,(mend).,(2)The father wants his daughter,_,(teach)the piano.,(3)I saw an old man,_,(knock)down by a car.,(4)Id like the job,_,(do)when I come back from the journey.,mended,taught,knocked,done,语法填空mendedtaughtknockeddone,四、过去分词,(,短语,),作状语,表示被动或完成的动作,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。,1.,作时间状语,过去分词作时间状语时,相当于一个,when,while,after,once,等引导的时间状语从句。,Once published,(=,Once,it is published),the dictionary will be very popular.,一旦出版,这本词典将大受欢迎。,四、过去分词(短语)作状语,2.,作原因状语,过去分词作原因状语时,相当于一个,as,since,because,等引导的原因状语从句。,*,Absorbed,in painting(=,Because,John was absorbed in painting),John didnt notice evening approaching.,由于专心画画,约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。,3.,作条件状语,过去分词作条件状语时,相当于一个,if,unless,等引导的条件状语从句。,*,Given,another hour(=,If,I am given another hour),I can also work out this problem.,如果再给我一个小时,我也能把这道题算出来。,2.作原因状语,4.,作让步状语,过去分词作让步状语时,相当于一个,though,although,even if/though,等引导的让步状语从句。,*,Beaten,by the opposite team(=,Though,we were beaten by the opposite team),we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.,虽然被对方的队打败了,但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。,4.作让步状语,5.,作方式或伴随状语,过去分词作方式或伴随状语时,可以转换成一个并列句。,*,The old man got on the bus,supported,by a girl(=and he was supported by a girl).,在一位姑娘的搀扶下,老人上了公共汽车。,5.作方式或伴随状语,过去分词作状语的注意事项,(1),过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应的连词,如,when,though,although,as if,as though,if,unless,until,once,等,表时间、让步、条件、方式等。,*,If,(I am)invited,I will attend the wedding of my friend.,如果受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。,(2),过去分词,(,短语,),作状语时,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。,*,Caught,the thief will be punished by the police.(caught,的逻辑主语为,the thief),小偷如果被抓,就会受到警方的处罚。,过去分词作状语的注意事项,(3),有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有,satisfied,surprised,interested,moved,worried,pleased,disappointed,等。,*,Disappointed,at the examination results,the girl stood there without saying a word.,因为对考试结果很失望,小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。,(3)有些过去分词已形容词化,作状语时表示人的状态。常见的,语法填空,(1),_,(leave)to himself,the baby began to cry.,(2)She accepted the gift,deeply,_,(move).,(3)We went to the cinema,_,(fill)with excitement.,(4)Once,_,(pour),water cannot be taken back.,Left,moved,filled,poured,语法填空Leftmovedfilledpoured,单句语法填空,1.The bridge was damaged in the flood,_,(result)in the train falling,into the river.,2.,_,(guide)by an artist,the girl made much progress.,3.,_,(blame)for her faults,the little girl was in low spirits.,4.The salesgirl at last handled the difficult customer and gave a,_,(satis
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