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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,药品英文说明书,进口药英文说明书的结构简介,英文表达方式,:Instructions,,,Directions,,,Description,;,现在多用:,Package Insert,,,Insert,,,Leeflet,Data Sheets,多数英文说明书都包括以下内容,:,药品名称(,Drug Names,),性状(,Description,),药理作用(,Pharmacological Actions,),适应症(,Indications,),禁忌证(,Contraindications,),用量与用法(,Dosage and Administration,),不良反应(,Adverse Reactions,),注意事项(,Precautions,),包装(,Package,),贮存,(Storage,),其他项目(,Others,),第一节药品名称(,Drug Names,),商品名(,Trade Name,或,Proprietary Name,),通用名(,Generic Name,),化学名(,Chemical Name,),e.g.,日本田边有限公司生产的熊去氧胆酸片,商品名,:Ursosan,(,Tablets,),通用名,:Ursodesoxycholic Acid,(熊去氧胆酸),化学名,:3,7,-,dihydroxy-5,-Cholanoic acid,(,3,7,-,二羟基,-5,-,胆烷酸),药品说明书中的标题药名用其商品名。,有时在其右上角(或左上角)有一,(R),标记,,e.g.ADRIBLASTNA,(R),(阿霉素),“,R”,是,Register,(注册)的缩写,,(R),表示该产品已经本国的有关部门核准取得了此项专用的注册商标(,Registered Trade Mark,)。,药品名称的翻译可采用音译,(Tamoxitn,它莫西芬,),、,意译,(Tetracyline,四环素,),、,音意合译,(Medemycin,麦迪霉素,),及谐音译意,(Doriden,多睡丹,),等方法。,为了统一药品名称的译名,卫生部药典委员会已拟定出原料药和辅料命名原则,并刊行了,药名词汇,一书,可供翻译英文药品名称时参考,第二节 性状(,Description,),还可能有其他的表示法,,如:,Chemical Structure,化学结构,Composition,成分,Physical and Chemical Properties,理化性质,本项中常见的句型,Folic acid is a yellowish to orange,crystalline powder;odourless or almost odourless.,叶酸是淡黄色至橙色结晶粉沫,无臭或几乎无臭。,Ursosan Tablet 50mg is a white plain tablet which contains 50mg of ursodesoxycholic acid.,熊去氧胆酸片为白色素片,每片含,50mg,熊去氧胆酸。,本项中常用的词语,1,、表示组成、制备的词及短语,如:,be derived from,由,衍生,;consist of,由,组成,;,be obtained,制得,;contain,含有,;,be prepared from,由,制备,;have(possess),有(具有),2,、表示性质的一些词类,如:,color,颜色,;taste,味道,;odor,气味,;molecular formular,分子式,;,odorless,无臭的,;stable,稳定的,;soluble,可溶的,;insoluble,不溶的,;,colorless,无色的,;tasteless,无味的,;sterile,无菌的,;,molecular weight,分子量,;structure,结构,;solubility,溶解度,derivative,衍生物,;solution,溶液,;injection,注射剂,;tablets,片剂,;crystalline,结晶的,;powder,粉沫,;liquid,液体,;solid,固体,第三节 药理作用,(Pharmacological Actions),包括药理作用、,临床药理,(Clinical Pharmacology),体外试验,(in vitro experiments),药物代谢,(Metabolism),药效,(Potency),及毒性,(Toxicity),等。,这一项常用的标题是,:,Pharmacological Action,药理作用,Pharmacological Properties,药理性质,Pharmacology,药理学,Clinical Pharmacology,临床药理,其他的表示方法还有,:,Actions,作用,Actions and Properties,作用与性质,Clinical Effect(Use),临床效果(用途),Mechanism of Action,作用机理,Mode of Action,作用方式 如果药品是一种抗生素,可能出现:,Biological Action,生物活性,Microbiology,微生物学,例句,Mean peak serum concentrations of tobramycin occur between 30 and about 60 minutes after intramuscular administration.,肌注后约,3050,分钟之间妥布毒素的平均血药浓度达到高峰。,常用词及短语举例,1,、动词,absorb,吸收,act,作用,accumulate,积蓄,administrate,投药,cause,引起,demonstrate,显示,exert(action on),起,作用,exhibit,显示,inhibit,抑制,excrete,排泄,result in,导致,indicate,表明,maintain,维持,produce,产生,protect(from),保护(不变),reach,达到,show,显示,表明,treat,治疗,metabolize,代谢,promote,促进,prevent,阻止,预防,tolerate,耐受,2,、形容词,(be)active(effective)against,对,有效的,(be)related to,与,有关的,(be)sensitive to,对,敏感的,resistant to,有耐药性的,average,平均的,minimum,最低(小)的,maximum,最高(大)的,normal,正常的,3,、名词,ability,能力,activity,活性,distribution,分布,excretion,排泄,action,作用,clearance,廓清率,effect on,对,的作用,function,功能,作用,half life,半衰期,in vitro,体外,kidney,肾,mechanism,机理,serum concentration,血清浓度,tolerance,耐受性,infection,感染,in vivo,体内,level,水平,浓度,plasm lever,血浆浓度(水平),toxicity,毒性,第四节 适应症,Indications,适应症,Indications and Usage,适应症与用途,Major(Principal)Indications,主要适应症,Uses,用途,Action and Use,作用与用途,一、常见句型,1,、不完全句结构仅列出疾病或微生物的名称例如:,Angina pectoris,Prinzmetals angina,hypertension,心绞痛,变异性心绞痛,高血压。,2,、,由,For,(或,In,等)引出的短语,例如:,For prevention of the advance of cataract.,用于预防白内障进展。,In the treatment of all forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in association with other antitubercular drugs.,与其他抗结核药配伍,治疗各种类型肺结核。,3,、,To+,动词原形构成的短语,如:,To protect the liver cell during administration of drugs hazardous to the liver,在服用对肝脏有危害的药物期间,用以保护肝细胞。,4,、完整的句子结构或段落,有时结构很复杂,:,Amikacin is useful in the treatment of infections from Gram,negative sensitive species,,,there included the Pseudomonas species,;,it may also be useful to treat infections caused by sensitive staphylococci.,阿米卡星可用于治疗革兰氏阳性敏感菌(其中包括假单孢菌)引起的感染,也可用于治疗敏感葡萄球菌引起的感染。,二、本项中的常用词及短语举例,be active against,对,有效,be intended to,适用于,be administared in ,适用于,be of value of ,适用于,be effective in,(,for,,,against,),对,有效,be recommended for,推荐用于,be employed to ,用于,be used to,(,for,,,as,),用于,be helpful in,用于,be useful in,用于,be indicated in,(,for,),适用于,for,(,in,),the treatment,(,management,),of,用于治疗(控制),表示与“其他药物合用”的结构有:,be associated within association withbe combined within combination withbe compatible within conjunction withconcomitant with together with,第五节 禁忌症(,Contraindications,),Restrictions on Use,(用药限制)的。,一、本项中涉及到禁用(或慎用)某些药物的患者或某种特殊情况,例如:,1,、孕妇、妊娠期或哺乳期,幼童等:,pregnant woman,孕妇,lactation,哺乳期,in pregnancy,妊娠期,children under years of age,岁以下儿童,the first trimester(3 months)of pregnancy,妊娠期的最初三个月,2,、患有某些疾病或过敏的患者,如:,allergic(hypersensitive)to,对,过敏的,allergic(anaphylactic)reaction,过敏反应,allegy(hypersensitivity)to,对,过敏,patients with(who),患有,的患者,二、本项中常出现一些疾病名称,例如:,cardiac failure,心力衰竭,hypertension,高血压,cardiac(renal)insufficiency,心(肾)功能不全,severe hypotension,严重低血压,impairment of kidney(renal function),肾功能损伤,diabetes,糖尿病,liver(h
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