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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,专题七,形容词和副词,齐齐哈尔市第二十九中学,于 杰,形容词和副词,形容词,用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或,特征等。,副词,是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间，,地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词,、,形容词,、,副词,、,短语或句子。,请你思考：什么是形 容词和副词？,用法,例 句,补充说明,作定,语,This is an,interesting,book.,I have nothing,important,to tell you.,形容词作定语时放在被修饰词之前，修饰不定代词放在后面,作表,语,The work is,difficult.,She looks,happy,today.,作表语与系动词连用,作宾,补,Please keep the room,clean.,I find it very,beautiful.,形容词的用法,多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：,限定词（冠词、指示代词）,+,数词,+,描述性的形容词,+,大小长短高低,+,形状,+,年龄,+,新旧,+,颜色,+,国籍,+,材料质地,+,用途类别,+n,口诀：限数描述大长高,形状年龄与新旧,颜色国籍和材料,用途类别往后靠,简记：描形年颜地材途,一张小圆桌子,a small round table,我漂亮的棕色小皮包,my nice small brown leather bag,那些大的黑色木圆桌,those large round black wooden tables,一件漂亮的紫色丝质连衣裙,a pretty purple silk dress,The+adj+,复数谓语动词,常见的形容词：,dead,，,poor,，,rich,old,young,sick,blind,deaf,strong,black,wise,foolish,brave,diligent(,勤奋的）,married,The+,国家、民族,adj+,复数谓语动词,常出现的国家：,the British,，,the English,，,the French,，,the Chinese,The Chinese,are,hard-working.,表语形容词：,afraid,害怕的,alive,活,alone,单独的,ashamed,羞愧的,asleep,睡着的,awake,醒着的,alike,相似的,unable,不能的,fine,健康的,ill,有病的,sure,确信的,worth,值得的,黑龙江近,5,年真题,命题热点：,1,形容词辨析,2,形容词短语辨析,3,副词辨析,4,形容词和副词混合辨析,黑龙江近,5,年真题,命题点一：形容词辨析,形容词辨析考察特点：,不同形容词的辨析,同一词根的不同形式单词的辨析,形容词,与,enough,的位置关系,不同形容词的辨析,解题思路：,读懂句意,抓住关键信息,分析选项表达意思,结合日常生活及语境,辨别差异,同一词根的不同形式单词的辨析,bored,无聊的,interested,感兴趣的,boring,令人厌烦的,interesting,有趣的,excited,激动的，兴奋的,exciting,使人激动的，令人激动的,surprised,感到惊讶的,surprising,令人激动的,pleased,高兴的，满意的,pleasing,令人愉快的,常见的分词的形容词,annoy bore embarrass frighten/terrify move relax puzzle satisfy tire worry disappoint discourage encourage amaze,fascinate,形容词与,enough,的位置关系,enough,作副词，修饰形容词和副词，放在形容词和副词之后,enough,作形容词，修饰名词，既放在名词之前也可放在名词之后,命题点二：形容词短语辨析,近,3,年考过的形容词的短语：,lots of/a lot of,许多,be thirsty for,be good with/to/for/at,be thankful to be proud of,be angry with sb be angry at/about sth,be serious about,in short in general in vain,for certain/sure,sooner or later once more more/less than,at least/most/worst make the best of,副词的分类,时间副词,now,before,lately,tonight,地点副词,here,there,somewhere,频率副词,always,often,usually,seldom,程度副词,very,rather,quite,enough,方式副词,quickly,carefully,calmly,方向副词,forward,backward,疑问副词,when,where,how,why,连接副词,when,where,why,how,副词的构成,有许多副词是对应的形容词加,ly,构成,如,:,strong -strong,ly,real -really,词尾是,y,的要把,y,变为,i,再加,ly,busy -bus,ily,happy-happily,以,e,结尾的,大部分直接加,-ly,wide wide,ly,late-,late,ly,有几个特殊的要去,e,后再加,-ly,或,y,true -tru,ly,terrible-terribl,y,副词的用法,1.,主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词，还可以修饰介词短语和句子。,I have already prepared my lesson.(,修饰动词,),He has been extremely busy these days.(,修饰形容词,),2.,也可以用作表语或定语,作定语时通常后置,.,The girl there is my sister.(,作定语,),Is your brother in?(,作表语,),3.,有些副词,(rather,、,quite,等,),通常可以防在名词前用于加强语气,.,用 法,例 句,作表语,My mother is,out.,作定语,The girl,there,is my friend.,作状语,He runs,fast.,作宾补,I found him,outside.,命题点三：副词辨析,命题点一：副词辨析,副词的辨析考察特点：,1,以,-ly,结尾的副词辨析,2,程度副词辨析,3,频率副词,以,ly,结尾的形容词,：,1,）大部分形容词加,-ly,可构成副词。但,friendly,，,deadly,，,lovely,，,lonely,，,likely,，,lively,ugly,，,brotherly,仍为形容词。,2,）有些以,-ly,结尾既为形容词，也为副词。,daily,，,weekly,，,monthly,，,early,，,early,e g:The Times is a daily paper.,The Times is published daily.,命题点四：形容词和副词混合辨析,形容词和副词辨析考察特点：,A,同一词根的两个词性的混合辨,B,两个单词两个词性之间的混合辨 析,方 法 突 破,根据空格处所修饰的成分确定是形容词还是副词,修饰名词,形容词,修饰动词或形容词副词,副词,系动词,形容词,形容词和副词的级别,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：,原级 比较级 最高级,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级,1,、规则变化（词 尾 变 化）,单音节词在词尾加,-er,(,比较级,),或,-est,(,最高级,),以字母,e,接尾的词加,r,或,st,tall,wide,taller,wider,tallest,widest,以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写,辅音字母再加,er,或,est,hot,hotter,hottest,以辅音字母,+y,结尾的词变为,i,再加,er,或,est,happy,happier,happiest,多音节词,和多数双音节词在其前面加,more,和,most,popular,more popular,the most popular,2.,不规则变化,原级,比较级,最高级,good/well,better,best,bad/ill,worse,worst,many/much,more,most,little,less,least,far,farther/,further,farthest/,furthest,old,older/,elder,oldest/,eldest,形容词和副词的比较级和是高级,形容词副词比较级的常用句型,1,、比较级,+than,She is fatter,than,he.,He is thinner,than,she.,2,、,比较级,+and+,比较级,越来越,In spring,the days are getting,longer and longer,.,His voice got,weaker and weaker,in the end.,These days,more and more,people are learning English.,I find the price of house is,more and more expensive,.,It becomes,colder and colder,when winter comes.,3,、表示两者之间的选择，可使用,“,Which/Who,+,比较级，,or?”,Which is,longer,this one,or,that?,Who is,taller,Mary or Jane?,形容词和副词的比较级其它用法,1,表示倍数的三个句型：,(1),.times as,形容词原级,as.,This table is 3 times as big as that one.,(2),.times the,性质名词,of.,This table is 3 times the size of that one.,(3),.times,形容词比较级,than.,This table is 2 times bigger than that one.,2,同程度级的比较，用,as.as,，,the same as,，,such.as,引导：,Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.,亨利不如我的书多。,3,the,比较级,，,the,比较级,The more you talked,，,the less attention he paid to you.,你说得越多，他越不注意你。,4,the,比较级,of the two,名词：,The taller of the two boys is my brother.,这两个男孩中较高的是我弟弟。,5,一个人的两种品质的比较，用,more.than,结构：,I think she,s more shy than unfriendly.,与其说她不友好，不如说她害羞。,6,否定比较级最高级,There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.,为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。,7,比较的对象不能相互包容，注意：,比较级,+than+,The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.,密西西比河是美国最长的河。,8,比较级的修饰
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