状语从句考点归纳课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Adverbial Clause,状语从句考点,一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类,定义,：在复合句中作状语的从句,功能,：状语从句在主从复合句中,修饰主句中 的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句,分类,：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。,从句的位置放在,句首，也可放在句末,。放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。,状语从句,时间状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,地点状语从句,方式状语从句,目的状语从句,比较状语从句,考什么,连接词,语序,省略,语气,二：能力要求：,1.了解状语从句的分类情况及各种状语,从句中,经常使用的连词,2.能够在真实的语境中判定从句与主句,的,逻辑关系,从而能够使用恰当的连词,完成交际.,3.能够辨别同类状语从句中,近似连词的 用法区别.,一.时间状语从句,引导时间状语从句的从属连词,1.基本类：,before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once,as soon as,etc.,It will be two months before he comes back.,It is two years since he smoked.,2.,名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）：,the moment,the minute,the second,the instant,etc.(一就);every time,each time,the last time,the first time,etc.,Ill tell him the minute(that)he gets here.,I started the very moment I got your letter.,3.副词类（由副词充当引导词）：,immediately,directly,instantly,etc.(一.就.),4.句型类：,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely when,etc.(一就),e.g.,I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work.,The machine will start instantly you press the button.,e.g,She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted.,No sooner had she heard the news than she fainted,.,Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.,注意:用于句首时应引起,部分倒装,且前部分一般用,过去完成时,_(下课的时候),we began our writing.,John sings_（边走）,.,_（我们看电视的时候）,he was writing a composition.,When the lesson was over,as he walks,While we were watching TV,注意：,1.when,as,while 的区别,when,:持续性非持续性动词都可,as,:当；一边一边；随着,while,:持续性动词进行,2.till,until和notuntil小结：,1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“,某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止,”,。如：,We waited until he came.,2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为,“某动作直到某时间才开始”,。如：,He wont go to bed till/until she returns.,3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：,Until you told me I had no idea of it.,4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：,It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.,Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,3.连接词before的小结：,一、含义,1 We had sailed four days and four nights,before,we saw land.,2 We hadnt run a mile,before,he felt tired.,3 Please write it down,before,you forget it.,4,Before,I could get in a word,he had measured me.,“才”,“,不到就”,“趁”,“还没来得及”,二,Before从句中谓语不用否定式,。如：,Before they reached the station,the train had gone.,三1）,句型It will be/was段时间before“还要过多久才”如,：,It will be two years before he leaves the country.,2）,句型It will be/was一段时间before“不多久就”,。,如：,It wasnt two years before he left the country.,4.Since的句型,句型It is段时间since时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：,It is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班有三年了。,It is three years since he lived here,二.条件状语从句,1.,引导词:,if,unless,as long as(=so long as),in case(that),onconditionthat,provided/providingthat,ifonly/onlyif,granted,granting,given,assuming,supposing/suppose etc.,Ive waited here for about half an hour._I myself could drive a car!,A.Only if B.If only C.If D.Only,Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind,_they hunt them for food.,A.If B.while C.unless D.as,2.非真实条件句中应用虚拟语气,Eg.If you _（接受）your teachers advice,you,wouldnt have failed,the exam.,3.真实条件句中的时态:,e.g.If it _（下雨）tomorrow,I will not go out.,had taken,rains,unless 与if not 的用法,：,If you dont start at once,you will miss the train.,Unless you start at once,you will miss the train.,unless 在意义上相当于if not 常可以换用,In case he comes,let me know.,You can go out,as/so long as you promise to be back before eleven.,I will come again tomorrow provided(that)I have time.(=if),Supposing(that)it rains tomorrow,what shall we do?(=if),Unless you tell him yourself,hell lose faith in you completely.,Well let you use the room on condition that/provided that you keep it clean and tidy.,because直接原因，非推断语气最强,回答why,since 通常放句首译为“,既然,”,as,不谈自明的原因,，语气最弱,for,放句中，引导后半句表原因,。,三.原因状语从句,1引导原因状语从句最常用的连词是 because,since,和as，所引导的从句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。其中 because语势最强，since次之，as又次之。,1.在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，不可用as或since.,2.because可以引导表语从句,而as,since不可以，这时主语一般都是it,this,that,It was _,he was ill that he didnt go with us.,Its_ he is too lazy,.,3.since表示“既然”，只能放主句前.,_you are here,you must do it.,because,用because,as,since 填空,because,Since,1.John didnt come to school _ being ill yesterday.,A.because of B.because C.since D.as,2.-Mum,can I go out to play football with jessica?,-No,you cant _ your homework is being done.,A.before B.until C.as D.when,3.These two areas are similar_ they both have a high rainfall during this season.,A.to that B.besides that C.in that D.except that,2复合连词也可以引导原因状语从句，这些连词有：now(that),seeing(that),considering(that),for the reason that,by reason that,for fear that,that等，如：,Now(that)(=Since)you mention it,I do remember.,Now(that)he is absent,youll have to do the work by yourself.,Now(=Since)the rain has stopped,lets start.,Seeing(that)all the guests have arrived,lets have dinner.,Considering that they are just beginners,they are doing quite a good job.,3.原因状语从句,原因状语从句通常由,because,as,since,now that,considering(that),seeing(that),等词引导。,because,语气较强，用以回答,why,问句,as,语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。,since,语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。,for,放句中，引导后半句表原因