必修3+unit3语法名词性从句

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Noun Clause,名词性从句,Noun Clauses,(,名词性从句,),Subject Clause,(,主语从句,),Appositive Clause,（同位语从句）,Object Clause,（宾语从句）,Predicative Clause,（表语从句）,Who will win the match,is still unknown.,I want to know,what he has told you,.,The fact is,that we have lost the game,.,The news,that we won the game,is exciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句,的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,同位语从句,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses,(,引导名词性从句的,引导词,),:,从属连词,(,不作成分）,连接代词,（作成分）,连接副词,（作状语）,what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+ever,that,whether,if ,as if/as though,when,where,how,why,.,主语从句,1),That she left him,hurts him so much,.,2),Whether it will please them,is not easy to say.,3),What we need,is more practice.,4)When we will begin the meeting,is under discussion.,*that,只起引导作用，不充当成分，但不能省略。,*whether,是否，在从句中不作成分，不能省略,*what,在从句中作主语,*When,在从句中作状语,注意,:,由,that,引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免,“,头重脚轻,”,常用,it,作,形式主语,而把从句放在后面。,1.,That,he will refuse this piece of advice,is impossible.,2.,That they should like each other,is natural.,It,is natural,that,they should like each other.,It,is impossible,that,he will refuse this piece of advice.,常用句型,:,1,)It is+n.+,从句,It is a pity/shame that.,遗憾的是,It is a surprise that,令人惊奇的是,It is a fact that ,是事实,It is common knowledge that,是常识,*,_(,很遗憾,)we lost the match.,*_(,这是事实,)he cheated in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,2)It is+adj.+,从句,Its certain that,肯定,It is possible that.,很可能,It is unlikely that.,不可能,It is obvious that,很明显,It is necessary important natural.that,*_(,很可能,)she will come back tomorrow.,*_(,很明显,)this measure is effective.,+(should)+do,It is possible that,It is obvious that,3)It+,不及物动词,+,从句,It happened that.,碰巧,It occurred to me that,我突然想起,*_(,刚好,)I came into the office at that time.,*_(,我突然想起,)I forget to sent the letter.,It happened that,It occurred to me that,4)It+be+,过去分词,+,从句,It is said that.,据说,It is known to all that.,众所周知,It is reported that.,据报道,It is believed that.,据信,;,人们相信,It is suggested that+,(should,）,do,.,建议,It must be admitted that,必须承认,It cannot be denied that,不可否认,It must be pointed out that,需指出的是,*,_(,据报道,)20 people were killed in the accident.,*_(,建议,)we,should,eat more vegetable and do more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,1.I decided,（,that,）,I would go to the party,.,2.,I dont know,if/whether he will come back tomorrow.,3.I want to know,how it happened,.,4.,He was listening to,what the teacher said.,.,宾语从句,We thought,it,strange,that,Xiao Wang did not,come yesterday,.,2.He has made,it,clear,that,he will not give in,.,注意：,it,常可以放在动词,think,find,consider,believe,feel,make,等后作为,形式宾语,真正的宾语,-that,从句则放在句尾,.,*_(,我们觉得很奇怪,)she didnt go to school today.,We think,it,strange,that,常见的系动词分为三种：,A,表示特征和状态：,be,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,appear,等,B,表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：,get,become,grow,turn,fall,go,come,run,等,C,表示某种状态的：,remain,keep,prove,rest,continue,stay,等,三,.,表语从句,1.The trouble is,(that),I have lost his address.,2.The question is,whether,they will be able to help us.,3.That is,what,he has done.,4.The problem remains,how,to get some financial support.,4.,同位语从句,同位语从句是对与其同位的名词作进一步,解释,，说明名词的,具体内容。,大多数同位语从句由从属连词,that,(whether,how,when,where,why),引导,（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名词后,fact/news/idea/reason/hope/belief/truth/dream/problem/advice/suggestion/thought/order/doubt/answer/reply,1.They are familiar with the,opinion,that,all matter consists of atoms.,2.Where did you get the,idea,that,I could not come.,3.He often asks me this,question,when,Tom will come back from American.,1.The news that our team has won the game was true.,*,(,同位语从句,补充说明,news,到底是一个什么消息，,that,虽不作成分,但不能省略,),2.The news that he told me yesterday was true.,*(,定语从句,起修饰作用，说明到底是哪一个消息，,that,在从句中作,told,的宾语,可以省略,),注意：同位语从句与定语从句区别,注意,1,：,that/what,的辨用,1._ he wants is a book.,2._ he wants to go there is obvious.3.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.,4.He told us _ he felt ill.,5.The result is _ we won the game.6.This is _ we want to know.7.I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.,8.The fact_ she works hard is well known to us all.,What,That,what,what,what,（,that,）,（,that,）,that,Rules,1.that,在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用,2.what,除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。,注意,2,：,whether,与,if,的辨用,1.Whether it is true remains a problem.,2.It remains a problem whether/if it is true.,3,.It depends on whether we have got enough money.,4,.I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.,5,.I dont know whether/if it is right or not.,Rules,1,.,在前置的,主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中，,只能,用,whether,；,2,.,在有形式主语,it,，,其后为真正的主语从句中，,whether/if,都可以用；,3在,vt,.,后的宾语从句中，,whether/if,均可,；,4.跟在discuss后的宾语从句只用,whether,5,.,与,or not,或,to do,连用时,，只用,whether,6.介词后面的宾语从句中只用,whether,找出各句中的从句，指出是何种从句，并翻译成汉语,1.I dont know if I can do it.,2.What he is doing seems very difficult.,3.The important thing is how we can improve our studies.,4.Mr Li always thinks of how he can do more for the people.,5.The news that she was pretending to be sick was whispered from one to another.,6.Thats what you are going to do first.,7.Itll be decided at the class meeting who is to b