8bu7grammar2(教育精品)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Passive Voice,被动语态,英语语态,被动语态的构成,worked,opened,closed,seen,taught,asked,work,close,open,ask,see,teach,e.g.,由助动词,be,+,及物动词的过去分词（,V-ed,）,构成。助动词,be,有,人称、数和时态的变化,。,英语动词有两种语态：,主动,语态和,被动,语态。,1.,当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2,.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用,被动语态,。,被动语态,结构：,be,+,(及物动词的),过去分词,+(,by,),His brother washes bowls every,day,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),Bowls,are,washed,by,his,brother,every,day,.,改为被动语态,Summary,主动语态：,S,（,主语）,+,V,（谓语）,+,O,（,宾语）,被动语态：,S,（,主语）,+,V,(,被动结构,)+,by,O,（,宾语）,转换步骤,1 原句的宾语变主语，宾变主,.,2 和原句的时态保持一致，看时态。,3 找出对应的谓语动词，变分词。,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in,Beilun,.,People speak English as the first language in UK.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in,Beilun,.,English is spoken as the first language in UK.,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,主语,+,及物动词,+,宾语,Shoes,are made,(by them)in that factory.,一般现在时：,S(,主语）,+am/is/are +,过去分词,变为被动语态,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in,Beilun,.,People speak English as the first language in UK.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in,Beilun,.,English is spoken as the first language in UK.,2.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,Ten computers,were bought,(,by them,)last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were+,过去分词,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday,.,They built the tall building last year.,He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,We cleaned our classroom just now.,They used this room for resting.,They planted many trees years ago.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,Many trees were planted by them years ago.,3.,They,will,finish,the work,in ten days.,The work,will be finished,(,by them,),in ten days.,一般将来时：,S+will+be+,过去分词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,受动者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,We will have a sports meeting next week.,Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow.,The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring.,Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring.,The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.,4,Amy,can take good care of,Gina,Gina,can be taken good care of,by Amy.,情态动词：,S+can/may/must/should+be+,过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,5.Jim could do it yesterday,.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,It,could be done,by Jim yesterday.,Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,The rooms,are being painted,by some workers,now.,现在进行时：,S+am/is/are+being+,过去分词,I,was doing,my homework,at 8:00 last night,My homework,was being done,(,by me,)at 8:00 last night.,过去进行时：,S+was/were+being+,过去分词,We,have made,twenty more keys,Twenty more keys,have been made,by us,.,现在完成时：,S+have/has+been+,过去分词,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时：,一般过去时：,情态动词：,一般将来时：,现在进行时：,现在完成时：,过去进行时：,S+am/is/are+done,S+was/were+done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+will+be+done,S+am/is/are+being+done,S+have/has+been+done,S+was/were+being+done,表格：被动态基本结构,时态,被动语态结构,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,am/is/are,killed,was/were,killed,am/is/are,being,killed,was/were,being,killed,will,be,killed,would,be,killed,have/has,been,killed,had,been,killed,1 一般现在时 He kills pigs every day.,Pigs are killed by him every day.,2 一般过去时 He killed two pigs yesterday.,Two pigs were killed by him yesterday.,3 现在进行时 He is killing a pig now.,A pig is being killed by him now.,4 过去进行时 He was killing a pig at 3 yesterday afternoon.,A pig was being killed by him at 3 yesterday afternoon.,5 一般将来时 He will kill 9 pigs next week.,9 pigs will be killed by him next week.,6 过去将来时 He told me that he would kill 8 pigs on weekends.,I was told that 8 pigs would be killed on weekends,.,7 现在完成时 He have killed 200 pigs up till now.,200 pigs have been klled by him up till now.,8 过去完成时 He had killed 2 pigs before lunch.,Two pigs had been killed by him before lunch.,9 现在完成进行时(无被动)have been doing sth 表示一直做.动作可能继续或者已经停止。I have been killing 3 pigs for 3 hours.,为什么可以省略 by.?因为有时被动语态的主语我们不可能知道。昨天夜里，我家被纵火了。,1。动词,(,表示主语的属性特征,),+,副词,(,well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。,read,write,sell,wa