资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1.,Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.,A.is B.are C.am D.be,2.A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift.,A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered,3.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.,A.is not decided B.are not decided,C.has not decided D.have not decided,4.The number of people invited _fifty,but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.,A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were,5.E-mail,as well as telephones,_ an important part in daily communication.,A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play,6._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.,A.Two fifth;is B.Two fifth;are,C.Two fifths;is D.Two fifths;are,主谓一致,“一致”是指句子成分之间或词语之间在性、数等方面应保持一致。,“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称、性、数上保持一致，即主语是复数，谓语也用复数形式，如,are,were,have,等，主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：,is,was,has,works,等。,在具体处理一致关系时可遵循以下三原则:,语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。,意义一致的原则,（一）谓语动词为单数的情况,1.由,and,连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。,The worker and writer is from Wuhan.(,那个工人兼作家),(比较：,The worker and the writer are from Beijing.,那位工人和那位作家),Bread and butter is a daily food in the,West.,.,2.Every and(every),each and(each),no and(no),many a and(many a),连接两个单数名词作主语。,Every desk and every chair is made of wood.,Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,注：主语是,many a+n.,或,more than,one+n,.,时。,Many a child has gone to see her.,More than one student has tried,this.,.,意义一致的原则,（一）谓语动词为单数的情况,3.one/every one/each/either/the number+of+,复数名词作主语。,Each of the students has a book.,4.clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage,等无生命的集合名词作主语。,Clothing is badly needed in this flooded,area.,.,5.,以,s,结尾的词，但表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语。,maths,mathematics,physics,politics,等。,The United States was founded in 1776.,美国成立于1776年。,The Arabian Nights is very interesting.,天方夜谭很有趣。,6.表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。,Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown.,（注：如果强调数量，则用复数）,7.,由,any-,some-,every-,no-,和-,one,-thing,-body,等所构成的不定代词作主语。,8.非谓语动词（,V-,ing,to do）、,名词性从句作主语。,Collecting stamps is what he likes.,Whatever was left was taken away.,To serve the country is our duty.,How and why he left was a sad,story.,.,意义一致的原则,（一）谓语动词为单数的情况,注1：,what,引导的主语从句，谓语的单复数看情况而定。,What they need is more water.,What her father left her are only some books.,注2：由,how and why,when and where,引导的从句做主语时，谓动仍用单数。,When and where we will have the meeting has not been decided.,9.,单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语。,.,意义一致的原则,（一）谓语动词为单数的情况,（二）谓语动词为复数的情况,1.由,and,连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念。,Both bread and butter are sold out.,2.people,police,cattle,等集体名词作主语。,The police are looking for the missing child.,意义一致的原则,3.由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等,s,结尾的专有名词作主语。,The Olympic Games are held once every four years.,4.a number of/quantities of/a group of+,名词作主语。,（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定,1.集体名词,class,family,army,team,club,population,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,public,government,majority,group,等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个个成员用复数。,His family is a great one.,His family are music lovers.,2.means,works,sheep,等词，根据主语表达的概念而定。,The steel works is near the station.,Two new steel works are being built.,意义一致的原则,3.,“kind,sort,pair,type+,名词”,作主语，以这些名词本身的单复数而定。,4.,all,none,some,any,等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。,All are present.,All the food tastes good.,5.,“half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/,分数、百分数+,of +,名词”,作主语:,谓语动词要和,of,之后的名词单复数保持一致。,（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定,意义一致的原则,6.The+,形容词/分词作主语，指“一类”人或事物时，常用作复数用；指“某一个”人，或“抽象的”事物时，作单数用。,The English speak English.,The rejected were heaped in the corner.,废品堆在角落里。,The deceased was his father.,The agreeable is not always the useful.,好看的不一定中用。,The new and progressive always wins over the old.,新生、进步的事物总是要战胜旧的东西。,（三）谓语动词单、复数视情况而定,意义一致的原则,就近一致原则,1.由,or,either or,neithernor,not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。,Not only he but also I am invited.,Neither my gloves nor my hat goes with the dress.,但注意：,“with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/among/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than+,名词”,置于主语后，谓语动词一般仍和前面的名词在单复数上保持一致。,The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.,2.,由,there,或,here,引导的句子，主语不止一个词时，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词有单复数上保持一致。,集合名词作主语，谓语的数如何确定?,1,His family _ a small one,2His family _ fat and short,Ais，is Bare，are Cis，are Dare，is,此题应选,C,。family,是一个集合名词，具有单数(侧重指整体)和复数(侧重指个体)两种可能。类似这种用法的词主要的有：,team(,队，队员)，,class(,班，班上的全体学生)，,crowd(,人群)，,government(,政府)，,crew(,乘务员)，,committee(,委员会，委员们)，,audience(,听众)等：,The team is the best in the league,这个队在联赛中打得最好。,The football team are having baths,足球队队员们在洗澡。,This class consists of 45 students.,Mr,Green teaches it,这个班45个学生，由格林先生教。,This class are all diligent.,Mr,Green teaches them.,这个班的学生都很用功，由格林先生教。,谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?,We Chinese _ a hard-working people,Ais Bare Cis being Dare being,此题应选,B,。,这里应注意的是：我们通常说的是主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳的民族。,注意以下类似例子：,These two dictionaries are a present for my best friend Jim,The planets were the object of his study,The most important thing I need is books,The countrys leading export is watches,The best part of the meal
展开阅读全文