定语从句高考总复习精华版

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句高考总复习精华版,一.定语从句的基本定义,放在,名词,或,代词后面,，由关系代词或关系副词引导的,修饰,该名词或代词的,从句,叫定语从句。,一.定语从句的基本定义,The boy,who,is reading,is Tom.,先行词,关系代词,找先行词-还原法确定关系词,基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义,指代人,指代事物,所属关系,指地点,指时间,指原因,who,whom,that,as,which,that,as,whose,where,（=介词+which）,when,(=介词+which）,why,(=for+which）,关系代词,关系副词,归纳总结,不可省,对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,1.,The room,_ he once,lived,is still there.,The room,_ I have to,clean,every day belongs to my mother.,where/in which,(that/which),对比练习：用适当的关系词填空,2.I will never forget,the day,_,I,met,you.,I will never forget,the day,_ we,spent,together.,when/on which,(that/which),The reason,_ I dont,know,is known to him,.,(that/which),why/for which,3.,The reason,_,I dont,know the thing,is that I was not there,at that time.,This is the house which/that we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。,comparison,The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。,nonrestrictive,restrictive,考点与难点归纳,1.that与which,2.对the way的考查,3.介词+关系词,4.as的使用,5.对where的考查,6.综合考查,考点,难,点,1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?,2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.,3)Who is the man _ is standing there?,4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.,5)She heard a terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点1：that 与 which,1:,先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等,不定代词或,由不定代词,any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等,修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用,which。,2：先行词被形容词,最高级,或,序数词,修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。,3:先行词中,既,有人又有物,时，引导定语从句用,that。,4:先行词被,the very,the only,等修饰且指物时,引导定,语从句用that。,5：当先行词前面,有who/which等疑问代词,时，只用,that。,指物，,介词,后。,2.用于,非限制,定语从句中,3.,前面有that,/those出现，为避免重复。,只使用that应遵循的规则,只使用which应遵循的规则,填上合适的关系词并分析原因,：,1.The way _he explained the,sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us,was quite simple.,that/which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,考点,2：the way用做先行词,3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（湖北）,A.the way B.in the way that,C.in the way D.the way which,高考题链接：,考点,3：介词+关系词,1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother,is talking?,2.He gave me some novels _ _ I,am not very familiar.,3.I still remember the day _ _ I first got,to Paris.,to whom,with which,on which,结论,:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(,习惯搭配,),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.,3._ is known to all,he is the best student.,4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.,As,which,难点一：as的用法,asthatwhich,1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.,2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.,as,that,归纳,：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被,such,the same,so,as,修饰，即构成suchas,the same as,soas,结构，做题时容易忽略。,as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。,as 与which引导定语从句,都能指代整句内容,，但定语从句位于,句首,时，只能用,as,意为“正如、恰如”。,1.Ive come to,the point where,I cant stand him.,2.The country is in the,situation where,a war,will break out at any time.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是,表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,难点二：一些特殊词之后的where,解析：,如果定语从句分别修饰,point,situation,part,condition和case,等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种,地步,，在某种,境况,中”。,1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.（山东）,2.-Do you have anything to say for yourself?,-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.,（江西）,高考题链接：,做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。,where,/,wherethat,1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.,2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.,where,定语从句,that,强调句型,综合考查一：定语从句与强调句,3.-Where did you last see Mr.Smith?,-It was in the hotel _ I lived.,难点三.综合考查,近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：,强调句,、,名词性从句,和,状语从句,等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。,友情提示,where,综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句,1.We all have heard the news_ our,team won.,2.We dont believe the news _ he,told us yesterday.,that,that/which,综合考查,三：定语从句与表语从句,The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（江苏）,that/which,at which,where,1.We should go to the place_,we are most needed.,2.We should go to the place_,needs us most.,A.it B.where C.that D.what,B,C,3.It was October_we met in,Damiao for the first time.,4.It was in October_we met in,Damiao for the first time.,A.that B.which,C.when D.while,C,A,对比训练,5.He is such a good teacher_,we all like him.,6.He is such a good teacher_,we all like.,A.whom B.that C.as D.which,B,C,7.The news came_ the British,Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health,_ isnt surprising,because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care.,A.that;which B.which;which,C.that;that D.when;as,8.,He left the key _he had been an hour before.,He left the place _ he lived for many years.,(where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where),(where 引导定语从句，修饰the place),Practice makes perfect.,根据下列内容,运用定语从句写一篇,五句话,的文章介绍中国.,1.众所周知,中国有960万平方公里的土地,是世界第三大国.,2.中国有56个民族,其中汉族人(,the Han Ethnic,)占94%,3.中国有许多大河流,其中长江,黄河是最重要的河流.,4.曾有一段时间,中国的经济落后于世界许多国家.,5.随着经济的增长,中国人被歧视的日子一去不复返,所有中国人都为此感到自豪.,话题运用,_is known to all,China with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers,is the third largest country in the world.The Chinese nation consists of 56 nationalities,among _the Han Ethnic Group is the largest,making up 94