2021高二英语寒假作业同步练习题：过去分词作定语1

2021高二英语寒假作业同步练习题：过去分词作定语11I _(陷入) the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】was trapped in【详解】考查被动语态。句意：昨天在上学的路上，我被困在了大雨中。本句主语是I，谓语动词是trap，根据yesterday可知，应用一般过去时态，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系。故填was trapped in。2When I came in, he_(埋头于)playing computer games. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】was buried in【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：当我进来时，他正埋头玩电脑游戏。分析句子可知，句子为时间状语从句，根据句中When I came in可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故为一般过去时。句中涉及固定短语be buried in doing，意为“埋头于做某事”，句子主语为he，且句子为一般过去时，故be动词用was。故填was buried in。3The growing speed of a plant is influenced by_ (许多;大量的) factors, most of which are beyond our control. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】a great number of【详解】考查固定短语。句意：植物的生长速度受许多因素的影响，其中的大多数是不受控制的。结合汉语提示可知，固定短语a great number of符合题意，修饰可数名词复数，故填a great number of。4I didnt persuade them to do the experiment that way;you know, they _(以为没什么了不起)my suggestion. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】thought little/nothing of【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我没有说服他们用那种方法去做实验，你知道的，他们认为我的建议没什么了不起。think of 表示“认为”，“以为没什么了不起”可加入否定词little/nothing，根据didnt可知本句时态是一般过去时，故填thought little/nothing of。5_(从判断)his look, he doesnt think much of our plan. （根据汉语意思完成句子）【答案】Judging from【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他的表情判断，他对我们的计划不太看好。judge from表示“从判断”，分析句子结构可知此处使用独立结构judging from作状语，不必考虑句子的主语与judge之间的逻辑关系，故填Judging from。6Compared with the escaped driver, I _(因而自豪)what I did. （根据汉语意思填空）【答案】am proud of/take pride in【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：与逃逸司机相比，我为自己的所作所为感到自豪。分析句子可知，感到自豪的动作是对现在感觉的客观描述，故应用一般现在时。句中涉及固定短语be proud of，意为“因而自豪”，句子主语为I，be动词用am。或用固定短语take pride in，意为“因而自豪”， 句子主语为I，一般现在时中take用原形。故填am proud of/take pride in。7My holiday is _(结束；终结)and I must go back to work tomorrow. (根据汉语意思完成句子)【答案】at an end【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我的假期结束了，明天我必须回去工作。根据汉语意思“结束，终结”可知短语为at an end。在句中作表语，故填at an end。8Fires, floods and earthquakes are _(灾难).（根据汉语意思填空）【答案】disasters【详解】考查名词。句意：火灾，洪水和地震都是灾难。本句的主语是Fires, floods and earthquakes，此处名词需要用复数形式。故填disasters。语法专题（过去分词作定语）定语表“完成”或“被动”boiled water开水fallen leaves落叶the risen sun升起的太阳selected apples 精选苹果spoken English英语口语iced beer冰镇啤酒cooked food熟食fried chips炸土豆条单个的过去分词作定语时，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。 The boy looked up with a pleased expression. 男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。 过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。Near the window，there is a bookshelf filled with many books(=which is filled with many books).靠近窗户，有一个装满书的书架。Her daughter，brought up by me(=who was brought up by me)has begun to work now.由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。练习：9Scientists have built an early-warning system _(base) on mathematical models. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】based【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的早期预警系统。本句已有谓语动词have built，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词system；system和base之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填based。10The program _（design）for entertainment turned out to be much too serious. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】designed【详解】考查动词过去分词。句意：这个为娱乐而设计的节目实在太严肃了。design“设计”为动词，分析句子结构可知，The program为句子主语；turned out为谓语，design应为非谓语动词，过去分词作定语和所修饰内容有被动完成关系，design和the program是被动关系，需用过去分词。故填designed。11The building _（design）in a fancy style took the workers about three years to complete. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】designed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工人们花了大约三年的时间才完成了这座设计精美的建筑。分析句子结构，可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语building构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填designed。12Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests_(crowd) with small trees that compete with big trees for resources (资源). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】crowded【详解】考查固定短语。句意：气势汹汹的野火控制让加州森林剩下了满是与大树争夺资源的小树。固定短语be crowded with意为“充满，挤满”，在句中省略be动词构成过去分词短语，crowded with small trees作forests的后置定语。故填crowded。13She lives in a specially_(adapt) flat. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】adapted【详解】考查动词过去分词。句意：她住在一套特别改装过的公寓里。adapt“改装”为动词，句中修饰flat，作定语，为非谓语动词，过去分词和所修饰内容有被动完成含义，adapt和flat有被动关系，需用过去分词。故填adapted。14I am against the views _(present) in the article. (所给词的正确形式填空)【答案】presented【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我反对文章中提出的观点。句子已经有谓语，故present用非谓语动词形式，作定语修饰views，present与其逻辑主语views之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填presented。15Greece,_（recognize) as an autonomous country in 1830,began a serious effort to repair the monuments and buildings on the Acropolis. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】recognized【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：希腊在1830年被承认为一个自治国家，开始认真努力修复卫城上的纪念碑和建筑。分析句子结构可知，_ (recognize) as an autonomous country in 1830作后置定语，所给词recognize与名词Greece之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词。故填recognized。16We like to see the films _(base) on real facts. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】based【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们喜欢看基于真实事实的电影。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词。“以为依据，基于”是be based on，此处用过去分词作定语修饰films。故填based。17There is still some support _ (give) by the local people. （用单词适当形式填空）【答案】given【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：还有一些当地人民的支持。分析句子结构可知give在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语support构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填given。18Many people suspect that all the rock salt _ (use) every winter is harming the environment. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】used【详解】考查过去分词做定语。句意：许多人怀疑每年冬天使用的岩盐都在破坏环境。题干中有谓语动词is harming,the rock salt与use之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词作定语。故填used。19The new toy _ (aim) at children has been a surprise hit with adults. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】aimed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这款针对儿童的新玩具在成年人中引起了意外的轰动。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词has been，设空处需填非谓语动词形式，the new toy和aim为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式作后置定语。故填aimed。20This building designed_weddings and other celebrations is beautiful. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】for【详解】考查介词。句意：这座为婚礼和其他庆典设计的建筑很漂亮。短语：be designed for.“为.所设计”，分析句子可知，本句的主句为This building is beautiful. 句中designed for weddings and other celebrations为过去分词短语做后置定语，相当于定语从句which/that is designed for weddings and other celebrations.故填for。完形填空The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the 21 was 7:30pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a 22 evening of wine, 23 , and song.By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had 24 . Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were 25 . But no one wanted to 26 , just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was 27 off their heads. Jane and David left 28 and angry.Their 29 suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made 30 . Everyone 31 and understands the invitations 32 . Most of us would agree that 6:30-8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible 33 , but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, arrive late.But this is not always the case. If 34 to a students party at 6:30pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. Being the first to arrivelooking 35 is social death. When my mother is asked to a party for 6:30, she likes to be there, if not 36 , then no later than seven. My 37 group (late thirties) falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think were 38 , were probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.The accepted custom at present is 39 , sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element of 40 .21AapplicationBinvitationCformDsurface22AdisappointingBunexpectedCmerryDnervous23AflowersBpeopleCfoodDfruit24AappearedBequippedCprovidedDunloaded25AdyingBsleepingCenjoyingDstarving26AclaimBforgetCstayDleave27AhappilyBcompletelyCurgentlyDcrazily28AfullBfoolishChungryDsleepy29AexperienceBfailureCnormalityDjoke30AsimplerBclearerCclevererDprettier31AprintsBexpectsCreadsDreceives32AindifferentlyBdifferentlyCusuallyDcarefully33AdinnerBlunchCbreakfastDbrunch34AheldBforcedChurriedDasked35AsmartBboringCthankfulDeager36Afrom time to time Bin no timeCon timeDfor the time being37AdateBageCsexDjob38AimportantByoungCdemandingDinnocent39AunderstandingBpromisingCconfusingDboring40AsurpriseBfearClossDsuccess【答案】21B22C23C24A25D26D27B28C29A30B31C32B33A34D35D36C37B38B39C40A【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过讲述简和丈夫参加生日会的经历，说明了参加晚会时，我们要遵守社会习俗。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：邀请函上的时间是晚上7:30。A. application申请；B. invitation邀请；C. form表格；D. surface表面。根据Their _9_ suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made _10_.可知这里意思是邀请函上的时间是晚上7:30。故选B。22考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简和她的丈夫一起去，期待着一个有酒、有食物、有歌声的快乐夜晚。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. unexpected想不到的；C. merry愉快的；D. nervous紧张不安的。根据wine, _3_, and song.可知这个夜晚是愉快的。故选C。23考查名词词义辨析。句意：简和她的丈夫一起去，期待着一个有酒、有食物、有歌声的快乐夜晚。A. flowers花；B. people人；C. food食物；D. fruit水果。根据By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had _4_.可知简和她的丈夫期待着有食物。故选C。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：9点45分，每个人都玩得很开心，但是没有食物出现。A. appeared出现；B. equipped装备；C. provided提供；D. unloaded卸货。根据But no one wanted to _6_, just in case some food was about to appear.可知没有食物出现。故选A。25考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他客人开始窃窃私语，说他们也饿了。A. dying垂死的；B. sleeping睡着的；C. enjoying享受；D. starving挨饿的。根据But no one wanted to _6_, just in case some food was about to appear.可知其他客人也饿了。故选D。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是没有人想离开，只是为了以防一些食物即将出现。A. claim宣称；B. forget忘记；C. stay停留；D. leave离开。根据just in case some food was about to appear.可知没有人想离开。故选D。27考查副词词义辨析。句意：到11点，仍然没有食物，每个人都完全丧失了理智。A. happily快乐地；B. completely完全地；C. urgently紧急地；D. crazily狂热地。根据 By 11:00, there was still no food可知人们都完全丧失了理智。故选B。28考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简和大卫又饿又气地离开了。A. full丰富的；B. foolish愚蠢的； C. hungry饥饿的；D. sleepy困倦的。上文说人们都饿了，但是到11点，仍然没有食物。由此可知，简和大卫又饿又气地离开了。故选C。29考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的经历表明，印在请柬上的说明需要更清楚。A. experience经历；B. failure失败；C. normality常态；D. joke玩笑。上文简和她的丈夫参加生日聚会，是一次经历。故选A。30考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的经验表明，印在请柬上的说明需要更清楚。A. simpler更简单；B. clearer更清楚；C. cleverer更聪明；D. prettier更漂亮。根据 Most of us would agree that 6:30-8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible _13_, but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, arrive late.可知印在请柬上的说明需要更清楚。故选B。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人对邀请函的阅读和理解都不一样。A. prints打印； B. expects期望；C. reads阅读；D. receives收到。根据and understands，可知这里意思是每个人对邀请函的阅读和理解都不一样。故选C。32考查副词词义辨析。句意：每个人对邀请函的阅读和理解都不一样。A. indifferently冷淡地；B. differently不同地；C. usually通常；D. carefully小心地。根据Most of us would agree that 6:30-8:30pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00pm or 8:30pm means possible _13_, but 9:30pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, arrive late.可知每个人对邀请函的阅读和理解都不一样。故选B。33考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上8点或8点半可能是晚餐时间。A. dinner晚餐；B. lunch午餐；C. breakfast早餐；D. brunch早午餐。根据8:00pm or 8:30pm可知这是晚餐时间。故选A。34考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果被邀请参加下午6:30的学生聚会，客人在午夜之前不出现是很正常的。A. held to坚持；B. forced to强迫；C. hurried to匆忙；D. asked to邀请。根据it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight可知这里意思是如果被邀请参加下午6:30的学生聚会。故选D。35考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成为第一个到达的人看起来很急切是社交毁灭。A. smart聪明的；B. boring无聊的；C. thankful感谢的；D. eager急切的。根据 Being the first to arrive可知这里意思是看起来很急切。故选D。36考查固定短语辨析。句意：当我的母亲被要求参加6:30的聚会时，她喜欢去那里，如果不按时，那么不迟于7点。A. from time to time不时；B. in no time立刻；C. on time按时；D. for the time being暂时。根据then no later than seven.可知这里意思是如果不按时，那么不迟于7点。故选C。37考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的年龄段介于两者之间，但因为我们仍然认为自己很年轻。A. date日期；B. age年龄；C. sex性别；D. job工作。根据but because we still think were _18_, were probably closer to student-time than grown-up time.可知这里意思是我的年龄段介于两者之间。故选B。38考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的年龄段介于两者之间，但因为我们仍然认为自己很年轻。A. important重要的；B. young年轻的；C. demanding苛求的；D. innocent无辜的。根据 were probably closer to student-time than grown-up time可知这里意思是我们仍然认为自己很年轻。故选B。39考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前被接受的习俗令人困惑，有时甚至令人生厌，这通常意味着你可能饿着肚子回家，但它确实给每个派对带来了宝贵的惊喜。A. understanding了解的； B. promising有希望的； C. confusing令人困惑的；D. boring无聊的。 根据sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element of _20_可知这里意思是目前被接受的习俗令人困惑。故选C。40考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前被接受的习俗令人困惑，有时甚至令人生厌，这通常意味着你可能饿着肚子回家，但它确实给每个派对带来了宝贵的惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. fear害怕；C. loss减少；D. success成功。根据 precious element可知这里意思是但它确实给每个派对带来了宝贵的惊喜。故选A。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项，同学们要道循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息，例如，小题1根据Their _9_ suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made _10_.可知这里意思是邀请函上的时间是晚上7:30。故选B。小题13根据8:00pm or 8:30pm可知这是晚餐时间。故选A。写作（改错）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。Last year I was the exchange student in the UK, and attended one of the Chinese culture course there. When I walked into the classroom, I was welcomed by curiously faces. They gave me presents, which moved and excited me. The lesson was about an ancient Chinese calligraphy naming xiao zhuan. The teacher explained it origin, how it worked in society, why it was promoted nationwide. After class, I felt proud of our Chinese culture but ashamed of that I knew almost nothing about them. As a senior high school student, I am going to read so many books as I can to open my mind. I hope every Chinese would understand the importance of learning about our own culture.【答案】1.the an2.coursecourses3.curiouslycurious4.namingnamed5.itits6.在why前添加 and7.去掉ashamed后面的of 8.themit9.soas10.wouldwill【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去年在英国当交换生，参加了一个中国文化课程。课上老师讲了一种名叫“小篆”的中国古代书法，作者为中国文化感到骄傲。但惭愧的是，作者对它们几乎一无所知。作者最后希望每个中国人都能明白了解自己文化的重要性。【详解】1.考查冠词。student为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且exchange为元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故the改为an。2.考查名词的数。course为可数名词，结合上文one of后跟可数名词复数，表示“之一”可知应用复数形式。故course改为courses。3.考查形容词。修饰后文名词faces，应用形容词curious作定语，表示“好奇的”。故curiously改为curious。4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知name在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Chinese calligraphy构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故naming改为named。5.考查代词。后文origin为名词，应用形容词性物主代词its修饰，表示“它的起源”。故it改为its。6.考查连词。句意：老师解释了它的起源，它是如何在社会上起作用的，以及为什么它会在全国范围内推广。此处连接两个以上的短语，应当在最后一个短语前加上and，表示并列关系。故在 why 前添加and。7.考查固定用法。句意：下课后，我为我们的中国文化感到骄傲，但我惭愧的是，我对它几乎一无所知。此处ashamed后跟that从句，sb. be ashamed that“某人为感到羞愧”，不需要介词of。故去掉 ashamed 后面的 of 。8.考查代词。句意同上。此处指代上文这种文化，应用代词it。故them改为it。9.考查固定短语。句意：作为一名高中生，我要读尽可能多的书来打开我的思维。结合句意表示“尽可能多的”短语为as many as。故so改为as。10.考查动词时态。句意：我希望每个中国人都能明白了解自己文化的重要性。此处表示将来某一时刻的动作，应用一般将来时。故would改为will。