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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Presentation,theme B,Major,：,Pattern recognition and Intelligent systemName,：,Du,cunling,Student number,：,20120264,Classical condition andOperant condition,Pavlov and his dog,Ivan,Petrovich,Pavlov 1849.9.261936.2.17,Pavlovs initial discovery of what we now call classical conditioning emerged from his earlier studies of digestive reflexes in dogs.,Classical Conditioning,Pavlovs method for measuring salivation.One of the dogs salivary duct is surgically connected to a glass tube.In his experiments,he found that the dogs could be conditioned to produce secretions in response to stimuli that reliably precede the presentation of food.,Before conditioning,During conditioning,After conditioning,pepleos,Classical Conditioning,Povlov,seems to tell us that only on the stimulus conditions will the animals respond.is that,ture,?,Operant Conditioning,Burrhus,Frederic Skinner,，,19041990,Skinner box,On the basis of the previous,theories,skinner,put forward his own viewpoint about Operant Conditioning.he use the skinner box to prove the viewpoint.,Skinner box,“,Skinner box“is a cage with a lever or another mechanism in it that the animal can operate it to produce some,effect,such,as delivery of a pellet of food or a drop of,water.because,each pellet of food or drop of water is very,small,the,hungery,or thirsty animal makes many responses before becoming satiated.,Another Experiment,If the cat press the,lever,it,can get out.,Cats usually took less time to escape from the box on successive trials.,VS,The difference between,pavlov,and skinner,Pavlov says that no stimulus,no,response.But,Siknner,says our most Behavior is operant,conditioning,before,that response no stimulus is needed at all.,learn,How does the rat learn to press a lever for food,?,On the enlightenment,what can we do about it,?,repeat,If you want the rat press the,lever,but,you dont have the patience to wait for the response to,occur.to,brgin,you,might present the,reinforcer(such,as a pellet of,food)whenever,the rat goes anywhere,nearthe,lever.as,a,resut,the rat will spend more,
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